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Current knowledge about functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is based on small-scale studies, limiting the generalizability of results. Moreover, the majority of studies have focused only on predefined regions or functional networks rather than connectivity throughout the entire brain. Here, we investigated differences in resting-state functional connectivity between OCD patients and healthy controls (HC) using mega-analysis of data from 1024 OCD patients and 1028 HC from 28 independent samples of the ENIGMA-OCD consortium. We assessed group differences in whole-brain functional connectivity at both the regional and network level, and investigated whether functional connectivity could serve as biomarker to identify patient status at the individual level using machine learning analysis. The mega-analyses revealed widespread abnormalities in functional connectivity in OCD, with global hypo-connectivity (Cohen’s d: -0.27 to -0.13) and few hyper-connections, mainly with the thalamus (Cohen’s d: 0.19 to 0.22). Most hypo-connections were located within the sensorimotor network and no fronto-striatal abnormalities were found. Overall, classification performances were poor, with area-under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) scores ranging between 0.567 and 0.673, with better classification for medicated (AUC = 0.702) than unmedicated (AUC = 0.608) patients versus healthy controls. These findings provide partial support for existing pathophysiological models of OCD and highlight the important role of the sensorimotor network in OCD. However, resting-state connectivity does not so far provide an accurate biomarker for identifying patients at the individual level.

Neuroimaging studies have emphasized the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on brain development, traditionally in heavily exposed participants. However, less is known about how naturally occurring community patterns of PAE (including light to moderate exposure) affect brain development, particularly in consideration of commonly occurring concurrent impacts of prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE). Three hundred thirty‐two children (ages 8 to 12) living in South Africa's Cape Flats townships underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. During pregnancy, their mothers reported alcohol and tobacco use, which was used to evaluate PAE and PTE effects on their children's brain structure. Analyses involved the main effects of PAE and PTE (and their interaction) and the effects of PAE and PTE quantity on cortical thickness, surface area, and volume. After false‐discovery rate (FDR) correction, PAE was associated with thinner left parahippocampal cortices, while PTE was associated with smaller cortical surface area in the bilateral pericalcarine, left lateral orbitofrontal, right posterior cingulate, right rostral anterior cingulate, left caudal middle frontal, and right caudal anterior cingulate gyri. There were no PAE × PTE interactions nor any associations of PAE and PTE exposure on volumetrics that survived FDR correction. PAE was associated with reduction in the structure of the medial temporal lobe, a brain region critical for learning and memory. PTE had stronger and broader associations, including with regions associated with executive function, reward processing, and emotional regulation, potentially reflecting continued postnatal exposure to tobacco (i.e., second‐hand smoke exposure). These differential effects are discussed with respect to reduced PAE quantity in our exposed group versus prior studies within this geographical location, the deep poverty in which participants live, and the consequences of apartheid and racially and economically driven payment practices that contributed to heavy drinking in the region. Longer‐term follow‐up is needed to determine potential environmental and other moderators of the brain findings here and assess the extent to which they endure over time. We analyzed brain structure of 332 8‐ to 12‐year‐old children from the Prenatal Alcohol, SIDS and Stillbirth (PASS) Network who had varying levels of prenatal alcohol (PAE) and/or tobacco exposure (PTE). PAE was associated with thinner parahippocampal cortices; PTE’s impact was more regionally expansive. Such PAE and PTE effects reflect highly complex downstream outcomes, which require consideration in terms of the amount of exposure, the deep poverty in which participants live, and the legacy of the dop system.

The introduction of [sup.13]C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has enabled noninvasive measurement of muscle glycogen synthesis in humans. Conclusions based on measurements by the MRS technique assume that glucose metabolism in gastrocnemius muscle is representative for all skeletal muscles and thus can be extrapolated to whole-body muscle glucose metabolism. An alternative method to assess whole-body muscle glycogen synthesis is the use of [3-³H]glucose. In the present study, we compared this method to the MRS technique, which is a well-validated technique for measuring muscle glycogen synthesis. Muscle glycogen synthesis was measured in the gastrocnemius muscle of six lean healthy subjects by MRS and by the isotope method during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Mean muscle glycogen synthesis as measured by the isotope method was 115 ± 26 µmol x [kg.sup.-1] muscle x [min.sup.-1] vs. 178 ± 72 µmol x [kg.sup.-1] muscle x [min.sup.-1] (P = 0.03) measured by MRS. Glycogen synthesis rates measured by MRS exceeded 100% of glucose uptake in three of the six subjects. We conclude that glycogen synthesis rates measured in gastrocnemius muscle cannot be extrapolated to whole-body muscle glycogen synthesis., Decreased insulin sensitivity is a key feature of type 2 diabetes. The exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying the defect in insulin action is still not fully understood. Under conditions of euglycemic [...]

ObjectiveTo assess whether patients with aortic valve stenosis (AS) with elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) are characterised by increased valvular calcification activity compared with those with low Lp(a).MethodsWe performed 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography/CT in patients with mild to moderate AS (peak aortic jet velocity between 2 and 4 m/s) and high versus low Lp(a) (>50 mg/dL vs <50 mg/dL, respectively). Subjects were matched according to age, gender, peak aortic jet velocity and valve morphology. We used a target to background ratio with the most diseased segment approach to compare 18F-NaF uptake.Results52 individuals (26 matched pairs) were included in the analysis. The mean age was 66.4±5.5 years, 44 (84.6%) were men, and the mean aortic valve velocity was 2.80±0.49 m/s. The median Lp(a) was 79 (64–117) mg/dL and 7 (5–11) mg/dL in the high and low Lp(a) groups, respectively. Systolic blood pressure and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (corrected for Lp(a)) were significantly higher in the low Lp(a) group (141±12 mm Hg vs 128±12 mm Hg, 2.5±1.1 mmol/L vs 1.9±0.8 mmol/L). We found no difference in valvular 18F-NaF uptake between the high and low Lp(a) groups (3.02±1.26 vs 3.05±0.96, p=0.902). Linear regression analysis showed valvular calcium score to be the only significant determinant of valvular 18F-NaF uptake (β=0.63; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.88 per 1000 Agatston unit increase, p<0.001). Lp(a) was not associated with 18F-NaF uptake (β=0.17; 95% CI −0.44 to 0.88, p=0.305 for the high Lp(a) group).ConclusionAmong patients with mild to moderate AS, calcification activity is predominantly determined by established calcium burden. The results do not support our hypothesis that Lp(a) is associated with valvular 18F-NaF uptake.

It appears that few cases of bacterial arthritis seen in an Amsterdam community between 1990 and 1993 could have been easily prevented. Researchers tabulated the distribution and causes of 188 infections from bacterial arthritis seen in this community during this time period. These infections represent an infection rate of 5.7 per 100,000 people. Most infections were blood-borne. However, many occurred during joint surgery. The most frequently affected populations included children and the elderly. Many adults had other joint diseases. Only 8% of the infections occurred in joints with joint replacements.

ω-Transaminases (ω-TAs) catalyze the conversion of ketones to chiral amines, often with high enantioselectivity and specificity, which makes them attractive for industrial production of chiral amines. Tailoring ω-TAs to accept non-natural substrates is necessary because of their limited substrate range. We present a computational protocol for predicting the enantioselectivity and catalytic selectivity of an ω-TA from Vibrio fluvialiswith different substrates and benchmark it against 62 compounds gathered from the literature. Rosetta-generated complexes containing an external aldimine intermediate of the transamination reaction are used as starting conformations for multiple short independent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The combination of molecular docking and MD simulations ensures sufficient and accurate sampling of the relevant conformational space. Based on the frequency of near-attack conformations observed during the MD trajectories, enantioselectivities can be quantitatively predicted. The predicted enantioselectivities are in agreement with a benchmark dataset of experimentally determined ee% values. The substrate-range predictions can be based on the docking score of the external aldimine intermediate. The low computational cost required to run the presented framework makes it feasible for use in enzyme design to screen thousands of enzyme variants.

Patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may have an increased risk of developing gastrointestinal ulcers. Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease that results in the destruction of connective tissue. Researchers evaluated 2,315 patients with possible or definite RA for gastrointestinal disease and drug treatment patterns. The incidence of gastrointestinal disease was four per 1,000 patients. Risk was associated with advanced age, a history of peptic ulcers and corticosteroid drug use. Patients with severe forms of RA had a two to 11-fold risk increase for disease, independent of corticosteroid use. Patients with severe RA should be carefully monitored and may need preventive treatment for gastrointestinal disease.

Little information is available regarding the incidence of aortic dissection after previous aortic valve replacement (AVR), and factors associated with its development. Therefore, a meta-analysis of the literature was performed, and a patient population was studied retrospectively. Data from published studies showed that 87% of 31 patients were men (mean age 60 years), and 68% were known to have systemic hypertension. A dilated ascending aorta was observed at the time of AVR in 88% of patients. AVR was performed because of pure aortic regurgitation in 55% of patients, and combined aortic stenosis and regurgitation in 23%. More than 50% of patients did not survive dissection. The present series consisted of 7 patients. Four patients were known to the department before dissection occurred, and the other 3 were referred by other hospitals. Eighteen of 330 patients with previous AVR whose data were stored in an echocardiographic data base had an ascending aortic diameter >50 mm. Of these 18 patients, aortic dissection occurred in 4. Three of the remaining 14 patients underwent elective ascending aortic replacement. Characteristics including sex, age, severity of dilatation, presence of progression in diameter, left ventricular function and time interval after AVR were not helpful in determining a cumulative risk for developing dissection. Because dissection occurred in 4 of 18 patients (22%) with an ascending aorta diameter >50 mm, it is suggested to consider replacement of the ascending aorta during AVR when a value of 50 mm is exceeded. (Am J Cardiol 1993;72:1043-1047)

Background:Graves’s disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Maximal 30% of pediatric GD patients achieve remission with antithyroid drugs. The majority of patients therefore require definitive treatment. Both thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) are often used as definitive treatment for GD. However, data on efficacy and short- and long-term side effects of RAI treatment for pediatric GD are relatively scarce. Methods:A systematic review of the literature (PubMed and Embase) was performed to identify studies reporting the efficacy or short- and long-term side effects of RAI treatment in pediatric GD. Results:Twenty-three studies evaluating 1,283 children and adolescents treated with RAI for GD were included. The treatment goal of RAI treatment changed over time, from trying to achieve euthyroidism in the past to aiming at complete thyroid destruction and subsequent hypothyroidism in the last 3 decades. The reported efficacy of a first RAI treatment when aiming at hypothyroidism ranged from 42.8 to 97.5%, depending on the activity administered. The efficacy seems to increase with higher RAI activities. When aiming at hypothyroidism, both short- and long-term side effects of treatment are very rare. Long-term side effects were mainly seen in patients in whom treatment aimed at achieving euthyroidism. Conclusion:RAI is a safe definitive treatment option for pediatric GD when aiming at complete thyroid destruction. When aiming at hypothyroidism, the efficacy of treatment seems to increase with a higher RAI activity. Prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal RAI dosing regimen in pediatric GD.

Enzymes are crucial for the emergence and sustenance of life on earth. How they became catalytically active during their evolution is still an open question. Two opposite explanations are plausible: acquiring a mechanism in a series of discrete steps or all at once in a single evolutionary event. Here, we use molecular phylogeny, ancestral sequence reconstruction, and biochemical characterization to follow the evolution of a specialized group of flavoprotein monooxygenases, the bacterial Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs). These enzymes catalyze an intricate chemical reaction relying on three different elements: a reduced nicotinamide cofactor, dioxygen, and a substrate. Characterization of ancestral BVMOs shows that the catalytic mechanism evolved in a series of steps starting from a FAD-binding protein and further acquiring reactivity and specificity toward each of the elements participating in the reaction. Together, the results of our work portray how an intrinsically complex catalytic mechanism emerged during evolution.

In clinical trials that recruited patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD), 4–15% of the participants with a clinical diagnosis of PD had normal dopamine transporter single photon emission computed tomography (DAT SPECT) scans, also called “scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit” (SWEDD). To investigate in patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD, if specific clinical features are useful to distinguish patients with nigrostriatal degeneration from those that have no nigrostriatal degeneration. We performed a diagnostic test accuracy study. Patients that participated in the Levodopa in Early Parkinson’s disease trial, a clinical trial in patients with early PD, were asked to participate if they had not undergone DAT SPECT imaging earlier. The index tests were specific clinical features that were videotaped. A panel of six neurologists in training (NT), six general neurologists (GN), and six movement disorders experts (MDE) received a batch of ten videos consisting of all SWEDD subjects and a random sample of patients with abnormal DAT SPECT scans. The raters analyzed the videos for presence of specific signs and if they suspected the patient to have SWEDD. The reference test was visually assessed DAT SPECT imaging. Of a total of 87 participants, three subjects were SWEDDs (3.4%). The overall intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the Parkinsonian signs was poor to moderate with ICCs ranging from 0.14 to 0.67. NT correctly identified 50.0% of the SWEDD subjects, GN 33.3%, and MDE 66.7%. Our study suggests that the selected videotaped clinical features cannot reliably distinguish patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD and an abnormal DAT SPECT from patients with clinical PD and a SWEDD.

Objective Structured electrocardiography (ECG) analysis is used to screen athletes for high-risk cardiovascular conditions (HRCC) to prevent sudden cardiac death. ECG criteria have been specified and recommended for use in young athletes ≤ 35 years. However, it is unclear whether these ECG criteria can also be applied to master athletes >35 years.Aim The purpose of this study was to test whether the existing ECG criteria for detecting HRCC in young athletes can be applied to master athletes.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among athletes >35 years screened for HRCC between 2006 and 2010. We performed a blinded retrospective analysis of master athletes’ ECGs, separately applying European Society of Cardiology (ESC)-2005, Seattle, and International criteria. HRCC were defined using recommendations from the international cardiac societies American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology, and ESC, based on ECG screening and cardiovascular evaluation (CVE).Results We included 2578 master athletes in the study, of whom 494 had initial screening abnormalities mandating CVE. Atrial enlargement (109, 4.1%) and left ventricular hypertrophy (98, 3.8%) were the most common ECG abnormalities found using the ESC-2005 or Seattle criteria. Applying the International criteria, ST-segment deviation (66, 2.6%), and T-wave inversion (58, 2.2%) were most frequent. The ESC-2005 criteria detected more HRCC (46, 1.8%) compared with the Seattle (36, 1.4%) and International criteria (33, 1.3%). The most frequently detected HRCC was coronary artery disease (24, 0.9%).Conclusion ECG criteria recommended for use in young athletes can be applied to master athletes’ ECGs to detect HRCC. The ESC-2005 criteria had the highest sensitivity for detecting HRCC among master athletes.

Protein conformations play crucial roles in most, if not all, biological processes. Here we show that the current carried through a nanopore by ions allows monitoring conformational changes of single and native substrate-binding domains (SBD) of an ATP-Binding Cassette importer in real-time. Comparison with single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer and ensemble measurements revealed that proteins trapped inside the nanopore have bulk-like properties. Two ligand-free and two ligand-bound conformations of SBD proteins were inferred and their kinetic constants were determined. Remarkably, internalized proteins aligned with the applied voltage bias, and their orientation could be controlled by the addition of a single charge to the protein surface. Nanopores can thus be used to immobilize proteins on a surface with a specific orientation, and will be employed as nanoreactors for single-molecule studies of native proteins. Moreover, nanopores with internal protein adaptors might find further practical applications in multianalyte sensing devices.

Women with silicone breast prostheses do not appear to be at an increased risk for developing rheumatic diseases. Rheumatic disease is a general term for inflammatory conditions of the joints or muscles. A total of 235 women who had silicone breast prostheses implanted completed questionnaires about symptoms of rheumatic diseases. Eighty percent of the 70 women who had a prosthesis placed on only one side were cancer patients. Responses from the first group were compared with responses from 210 women in a control group who had surgery that did not involve the use of silicone. Participants were asked about symptoms such as joint pain, mouth ulcers, skin abnormalities and burning eyes. Those who had the silicone implants reported twice as many symptoms after surgery as women in the control group. Women with silicone implants reported painful joints, skin abnormalities and burning eyes. Review of the questionnaires appeared to indicate that four women with silicone implants could be classified as probably having a rheumatic disease.

Turner, Sarah. Frontier livelihoods: Hmong in the Sino-Vietnamese borderlands, by Sarah Turner, Christine Bonnin, and Jean Michaud. Washington, 2015. 223p bibl index afp ISBN 9780295994666 cloth, $50.00 53-1427 DS731 2014-36407 [...]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2007.09.025 Byline: Fleur M. Rosier-van Dunne (a), Herman P. van Geijn (a), Hein J. Odendaal (b), Gerda van Wezel-Meijler (c), Johanna I. De Vries (a) Keywords: fetal brain; heart rate; peri- and intraventricular echodensities; transvaginal sonography Abstract: The objective of the study was to study whether peri- and intraventricular echodensities in the brain of fetuses at risk for preterm birth are associated with changes in fetal heart rate (FHR) parameters. Author Affiliation: (a) VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (b) Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa (c) Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands. Article History: Received 25 January 2007; Revised 17 June 2007; Accepted 10 September 2007 Article Note: (footnote) Cite this article as: Rosier-van Dunne FM, van Geijn HP, Odendaal HJ, et al. Fetal brain sonography and fetal heart rate patterns in the preterm fetus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;198:296.e1-296.e6.

The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), one of the most productive regions of the Southern Ocean, is currently undergoing rapid environmental changes such as ocean acidification (OA) and increased daily irradiances from enhanced surface‐water stratification. To assess the potential for future biological CO2sequestration of this region, we incubated a natural phytoplankton assemblage from Ryder Bay, WAP, under a range of pCO2levels (180 μatm, 450 μatm, and 1000 μatm) combined with either moderate or high natural solar radiation (MSR: 124 μmol photons m−2s−1and HSR: 435 μmol photons m−2s−1, respectively). The initial and final phytoplankton communities were numerically dominated by the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis antarctica, with the single cells initially being predominant and solitary and colonial cells reaching similar high abundances by the end. Only when communities were grown under ambient pCO2in conjunction with HSR did the small diatom Fragilariopsis pseudonanaoutcompete P. antarcticaat the end of the experiment. Such positive light‐dependent growth response of the diatom was, however, dampened by OA. These changes in community composition were caused by an enhanced photosensitivity of diatoms, especially F. pseudonana, under OA and HSR, reducing thereby their competitiveness toward P. antarctica. Moreover, community primary production (PP) of all treatments yielded similar high rates at the start and the end of the experiment, but with the main contributors shifting from initially large to small cells toward the end. Even though community PP of Ryder Bay phytoplankton was insensitive to the changes in light and CO2availability, the observed size‐dependent shift in productivity could, however, weaken the biological CO2sequestration potential of this region in the future.

Tang, Eric. Unsettled: Cambodian refugees in the New York City hyperghetto. Temple, 2015. 220p bibl index afp ISBN 9781439911648 cloth, $78.50; ISBN 9781439911655 pbk, $24.95; ISBN 9781439911662 ebook, $24.95 53-3310 [...]

47-5965 DS559 2009-21942 CIP Nguyen, Nathalie Huynh Chau. Memory is another country: women of the Vietnamese diaspora. Praeger, 2009. 212p bibl index afp ISBN 9780313360275, $39.95 Univ. of Melbourne professor [...]

Espiritu, Yen Le. Body counts: the Vietnam War and militarized refuge(es). California, 2014. 249p bibl index afp ISBN 9780520277700 cloth, $65.00; ISBN 9780520277717 pbk, $29.95; ISBN 9780520959002 ebook, $29.95 52-3843 [...]

46-5920 E184 2007-49983 CIP Kim, Nadia Y. Imperial citizens: Koreans and race from Seoul to LA. Stanford, 2008. 312p bibl index afp ISBN 9780804758864, $65.00; ISBN 9780804758871 pbk, $24.95 This [...]

Thai, Hung Cam. Insufficient funds: the culture of money in low-wage transnational families. Stanford, 2014. 285p bibl index afp ISBN 9780804777315, $85.00; ISBN 9780804777322 pbk, $24.95; ISBN 9780804790567 e-book, $24.95 [...]

Salam, Rifat Anjum. Negotiating tradition, becoming American: family, gender, and autonomy for second generation South Asians. LFB Scholarly, 2014. 250p bibl index afp ISBN 9781593326203, $72.00 51-6472 E184 2013-29802 CIP [...]

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) might postpone the start of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with oligometastatic recurrence of hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. We included 43 SBRT-treated patients, and a control cohort of 20 non–SBRT-treated patients, in this retrospective study. Patients in the SBRT cohort could start ADT significantly later, and the time till castration resistance was significantly longer.

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Objective Describe the classification system for assigning the cause of stillbirth in the Safe Passage Study, an international, multi-institutional, prospective analysis conducted by the NIAAA/NICHD-funded Prenatal Alcohol in SIDS and Stillbirth (PASS) Research Network. The study mission is to determine the role of prenatal alcohol and/or cigarette smoke exposure in adverse pregnancy outcomes, including stillbirth, in a high-risk cohort of 12,000 maternal/fetal dyads.Methods The PASS Network classification system is based upon 5 “sites of origin” for cause of stillbirth, further subdivided into mechanism subcategories; both are employed to assign an ultimate cause of death. Each PASS stillbirth was assigned a cause of death and status of sporadic versus recurrent. Adjudication involved review of maternal and obstetrical records; fetal autopsy and placental findings; and required complete consensus in each case. Two published classification systems, ie, INCODE and ReCoDe, were used for comparison.Results Causes of stillbirth classified were fetal (26%), placental (53%), external (5%), and undetermined (16%). Nine cases (47%) had placental causes of death due to maternal disorders that carry recurrence risks. There was full agreement for cause of death across the 3 classification systems in 26% of cases and partial agreement among them in 42% of cases.Conclusions The proposed PASS schema employs a user-friendly classification that provides comparable information to previously published systems. Advantages include its simplicity, mechanistic formulations, tight clinicopathologic integration, provision for an undetermined category, and its wide applicability to perinatal mortality review boards with access to information routinely collected during clinicopathologic evaluations.

50-5775 E184 2012-22231 CIP Bald, Vivek. Bengali Harlem and the lost histories of South Asian America. Harvard, 2013. 294p index ISBN 9780674066663, $35.00; ISBN 9780674067578 e-book, $35.00 This book is [...]

50-3929 JV6346 2012-13811 CIP Refugees worldwide: v.1: A global perspective; v.2: Refugee health; v.3: Mental health; v.4: Law, policy, and programs, ed. by Doreen Elliott and Uma A. Segal. Praeger, [...]

Most flavin-dependent enzymes contain a dissociable flavin cofactor. We present a new approach for installing in vivo a covalent bond between a flavin cofactor and its host protein. By using a flavin transferase and carving a flavinylation motif in target proteins, we demonstrate that “dissociable” flavoproteins can be turned into covalent flavoproteins. Specifically, four different flavin mononucleotide-containing proteins were engineered to undergo covalent flavinylation: a light-oxygen-voltage domain protein, a mini singlet oxygen generator, a nitroreductase, and an old yellow enzyme-type ene reductase. Optimizing the flavinylation motif and expression conditions led to the covalent flavinylation of all four flavoproteins. The engineered covalent flavoproteins retained function and often exhibited improved performance, such as higher thermostability or catalytic performance. The crystal structures of the designed covalent flavoproteins confirmed the designed threonyl-phosphate linkage. The targeted flavoproteins differ in fold and function, indicating that this method of introducing a covalent flavin-protein bond is a powerful new method to create flavoproteins that cannot lose their cofactor, boosting their performance.

Dhingra, Pawan. Life behind the lobby: Indian American motel owners and the American dream. Stanford, 2012. 254p bibl index afp ISBN 9780804778824, $85.00; ISBN 9780804778831 pbk, $24.95 50-1171 HD2358 2011-39933 [...]

49-5221 HV640 2010-52704 CIP The Chinese/Vietnamese diaspora: revisiting the boat people, ed. by Yuk Wah Chan. Routledge, 2011. 183p bibl index (Routledge contemporary Asia series, 33) ISBN 9780415613101, $140.00; ISBN [...]

49-3326 GN635 2011-2888 MARC Fjelstad, Karen. Spirits without borders: Vietnamese spirit mediums in a transnational age, by Karen Fjelstad and Nguyen Thi Hien. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 219p bibl index ISBN [...]

49-3007 E184 M A R C Yang, Philip Q. Asian immigration to the United States. Polity, 2011. 274p bibl index ISBN 9780745645025, $59.95, ISBN 9780745645032 pbk, $22.95 Sociologist Yang (Texas [...]

49-3002 E184 2010-32641 CIP Lieu, Nhi T. The American dream in Vietnamese. Minnesota, 2011. 186p index afp ISBN 9780816665693, $67.50; ISBN 9780816665709 pbk, $22.50 The ideal of the American dream [...]

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