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Oxides play a crucial role in shaping various properties in ferritic alloys under Helium environment. This study investigates the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of Y4Zr3O12and Y2Ti2O7oxides in ferritic alloys with and without Helium utilizing a systematic first-principles approach. Firstly, the atomic arrangement of Y and Zr atoms at cation 18fsites in δ-(Y–Zr–O) oxide is identified, while it is found that Y4Zr3O12exhibits a more robust formation tendency than Y2Ti2O7. Furthermore, it is noted that both Y4Zr3O12and Y2Ti2O7oxides demonstrate a prior ability to trap Helium compared to the bcc-Fe matrix, which leads to a substantial enhancement on the stiffness of both oxides. The elastic moduli of both Y4Zr3O12and Y2Ti2O7oxide exhibit a gradual increase with the growing Helium concentration. As a result, the enhanced shear modulus of oxides and sustained shear modulus of the bcc-Fe matrix collectively contribute to the overall strength of ferritic alloys under Helium environments. The findings in this work propose valuable insights for guiding critical strategies in the design of high-performance oxide-dispersion-strengthened ferritic alloys, particularly for applications in Helium environments.

Ductility deterioration induced by L21-Ni2AlTi precipitates in the aged ferritic alloys was examined systematically by using a combination of scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), mechanical tests and first-principles thermodynamic calculations. The experimental studies revealed that the strength and hardness of the aged Fe–10Cr–5Ni–1Al–1Ti ferritic alloy containing B2–NiAl and L21-Ni2AlTi precipitates were higher than that of the aged Fe–10Cr–5Ni–1Al ferritic alloy containing NiAl precipitates, whereas the elongation-to-failure decreased dramatically from 9.3% to 0.3% indicating an obvious ductility deterioration due to the formation of L21-Ni2AlTi precipitates. This was also confirmed by the observation of fracture transition mode from dimpled failure to cleavage failure. The first-principles calculations, concerning the precipitate/matrix interface, were carried out to provide a theoretical analysis for the ductile–brittle transition by means of empirical ductility criteria ratios G/Band (C12–C44)/Bas well as cleavage energy. The cleavage energy results indicated an intrinsic brittleness of the L21-Ni2AlTi phase and the L21-Ni2AlTi/BCC-Fe interface. Our analysis revealed that the intrinsic brittleness of L21-Ni2AlTi phase and L21-Ni2AlTi/BCC-Fe interface plays a vital role in determining the deformation behavior of the aged Fe–10Cr–5Ni–1Al–1Ti alloy.

A passive matrix (PM) blue Micro light‐emitting diode (LED) device with 300 μm pixel size and 7/10/15/20/30/50/100 μm luminous area is designed. The 1 μm thick insulating layer composed of SiO2is grown in four steps, which improves the quality of the insulating layer and reduces the risk of electrical leakage. The thick metal is used as the p lines and the n lines. The non‐conductive GaN is left as the structure underneath the p lines to alleviate the breakage of the p lines to improve the reliability of the device. The optimized technology is used to fabricate the micro‐display, and the optical and electrical characterization is carried out. Besides, we realize the character display. With no additional manufacturing process, this work will contribute to the implementation of highly reliable PM Micro‐LED display technology.

Here, we carried out a dipole moment engineering to convert a classical BN-PAH framework into a formal acceptor for the construction of bipolar OLED host materials, with this engineering involving the introduction of two “donor wings”. The installation of the donors transformed the small local dipole moment of the BN-PAH framework into a large charge-transfer dipole moment, leading to a more separated frontier molecular orbital distribution beneficial for bipolar transport as well as a higher glass-transition temperature beneficial for morphological stability. The assembled donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) triads exhibited promising potential as universal bipolar hosts for the fabrication of OLEDs of various categories with wide color gamuts, such as blue multiple-resonance OLEDs (MR-OLEDs), green thermally activated delayed-fluorescence OLEDs (TADF-OLEDs), yellow TADF-sensitized fluorescence OLEDs (TSF-OLEDs), and red phosphorescence OLEDs (Ph-OLEDs).

In this paper, a distributed time-varying convex optimization problem with inequality constraints is discussed based on neurodynamic system. The goal is to minimize the sum of agents' local time-varying objective functions subject to some time-varying inequality constraints, each of which is known only to an individual agent. Here, the optimal solution is time-varying instead of constant. Under an undirected and connected graph, a distributed continuous-time consensus algorithm is designed by using neurodynamic system, signum functions and log-barrier penalty functions. The proposed algorithm can be understood through two parts: one part is used to reach consensus and the other is used to achieve gradient descent to track the optimal solution. Theoretical studies indicate that all agents will achieve consensus and the proposed algorithm can track the optimal solution of the time-varying convex problem. Two numerical examples are provided to validate the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of rapid advancements in high-throughput omics technologies, the visualization of diverse data types with varying orders of magnitude presents a pressing challenge. To bridge this gap, we introduce DataColor, an all-encompassing software solution meticulously crafted to address this challenge. Our aim is to empower users with the ability to handle a wide array of data types through an assortment of tools, while simultaneously streamlining parameter selection for rapid insights and detailed enhancements. DataColor stands as a robust toolkit, encompassing 23 distinct tools coupled with over 600 parameters. The defining characteristic of this toolkit is its adept utilization of the color spectrum, allowing for the representation of data spanning diverse types and magnitudes. Through the integration of advanced algorithms encompassing data clustering, normalization, squarified layouts, and customizable parameters, DataColor unveils an abundance of insights that lay hidden within the intricate relationships embedded in the data. Whether you find yourself navigating the analysis of expansive datasets or embarking on the quest to visualize intricate patterns, DataColor stands as the comprehensive and potent solution. We extend the availability of DataColor to all users at no cost, accessible through the following link: https://github.com/frankgenome/DataColor.

The effects of Ni content (0−2.10 wt.%) on the precipitated phase, strength and electrical conductivity of Cu−0.4wt.%Be alloy were investigated, and the influencing mechanism was analyzed. The results showed that the addition of Ni promoted the precipitation of strengthening phase in the alloy and remarkably enhanced the strengthening effect. When the Ni content was increased from 0 to 2.10 wt.%, the strength of the aged alloy initially increased and then decreased, and approached the maximum when the Ni content was 1.50 wt.%. The peak-aging parameters of the alloy containing 1.50 wt.% Ni were the aging temperature of 400 °C and the aging time of 60 min, where the tensile strength and yield strength of the aged alloy were 611 and 565 MPa, respectively, which were 2.8 times and 6.1 times those of the alloy without Ni. The electrical conductivity of the alloy with Ni increased with the aging time, and decreased with the increase of Ni content. With an increase of the aging time at 400 °C, phase transition sequence of the Cu−0.4Be−1.5Ni alloy was γ″phase →γ′phase →γphase. For the aging time of 60 min, a large number of dispersed nano-scale coherent γ″phase and γ′phase formed in the alloy with a remarkable strengthening effect, which was mainly responsible for the high strength of the alloy.

Chronic diseases are a growing concern worldwide, with nearly 25% of adults suffering from one or more chronic health conditions, thus placing a heavy burden on individuals, families, and healthcare systems. With the advent of the “Smart Healthcare” era, a series of cutting-edge technologies has brought new experiences to the management of chronic diseases. Among them, smart wearable technology not only helps people pursue a healthier lifestyle but also provides a continuous flow of healthcare data for disease diagnosis and treatment by actively recording physiological parameters and tracking the metabolic state. However, how to organize and analyze the data to achieve the ultimate goal of improving chronic disease management, in terms of quality of life, patient outcomes, and privacy protection, is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Artificial intelligence (AI) can provide intelligent suggestions by analyzing a patient’s physiological data from wearable devices for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In addition, blockchain can improve healthcare services by authorizing decentralized data sharing, protecting the privacy of users, providing data empowerment, and ensuring the reliability of data management. Integrating AI, blockchain, and wearable technology could optimize the existing chronic disease management models, with a shift from a hospital-centered model to a patient-centered one. In this paper, we conceptually demonstrate a patient-centric technical framework based on AI, blockchain, and wearable technology and further explore the application of these integrated technologies in chronic disease management. Finally, the shortcomings of this new paradigm and future research directions are also discussed.

Implantation of a drug-eluting stent is the most common treatment method for patients with cardiovascular atherosclerosis. However, this treatment may delay re-endothelialization, and the drug polymer-coated stent may induce thrombosis months after a stent implantation. The development of polymer-free drug-eluting stents is a promising approach to overcome these shortcomings. Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2-NTs) are excellent drug carriers and have been considered as a potential material for polymer-free drug-eluting stents. However, TiO2-NTs reportedly induce severe blood clotting, which is a significant shortcoming for use as a stent. Vascular stents must be compatible with blood and must have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and selective inhibitory activities in the abnormal hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells, instead of delaying the re-endothelialization of endothelial cells. To meet these requirements, we presented a composite material that featured ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of TiO2-NTs-containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs were loaded in the lumen of TiO2-NTs as a representative compound to suppress the inflammatory response and hyperplasia. UV irradiation was performed as a novel method to improve the anticoagulant ability of the AgNP-loaded TiO2-NTs. The chemical state and biocompatibility of the UV-TiO2-NTs@AgNPs were evaluated. UV irradiation strongly improved the anticoagulant ability of the TiO2-NTs and moderated the release of Ag+from AgNPs, which selectively suppressed the inflammatory response and hyperplasia. Furthermore, the UV-TiO2-NTs@AgNPs-2 displayed enhanced biocompatibility evidenced by the inhibition of platelet adhesion, bactericidal activity, selective suppression of the smooth muscle cell proliferation, and inhibition of the adhesion of macrophages. The collective findings indicate the potential of the photofunctionalized TiO2-NTs loaded with AgNPs as a material for polymer-free drug-eluting stents.

Local cells can actively create reverse bending (evagination) in invaginated epithelia, which plays a crucial role in the formation of elaborate organisms. However, the precise physical mechanism driving the evagination remains elusive. Here, we present a three-dimensional vertex model, incorporating the intrinsic cell polarity, to explore the complex morphogenesis induced by local mechanical modulations. We find that invaginated tissues can spontaneously generate local reverse bending due to the shift of the apicobasal polarity. Their exact shapes can be analytically determined by the local apicobasal differential tension and the internal stress. Our continuum theory exhibits three regions in a phase diagram controlled by these two parameters, showing curvature transitions from ordered to disordered states. Additionally, we delve into epithelial curvature transition induced by the nucleus repositioning, revealing its active contribution to the apicobasal force generation. The uncovered mechanical principles could potentially guide more studies on epithelial folding in diverse systems.

The inherent flammability of most polymeric materials poses a significant fire hazard, leading to substantial property damage and loss of life. A universal flame-retardant protective coating is considered as a promising strategy to mitigate such risks; however, simultaneously achieving high transparency of the coatings remains a great challenge. Here, inspired by the moth eye effect, we designed a nanoporous structure into a protective coating that leverages a hydrophilic–hydrophobic interactive assembly facilitated by phosphoric acid protonated amino siloxane. The coating demonstrates robust adhesion to a diverse range of substrates, including but not limited to fabrics, foams, paper, and wood. As expected, its moth-eye-inspired nanoporous structure conferred a high visible light transparency of >97% and water vapor transmittance of 96%. The synergistic effect among phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and silicon (Si) largely enhanced the char-forming ability and restricted the decomposition of the coated substrates, which successfully endowed the coating with high fire-fighting performance. More importantly, for both flexible and rigid substrates, the coated samples all possessed great mechanical properties. This work provides a new insight for the design of protective coatings, particularly focusing on achieving high transparency.

This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic potential of osthole for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), focusing on its ability to alleviate chronic pruritus (CP) and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

A new species,Michenera incrustatafrom southern China, is described and illustrated. It is the second species inMicheneraand differs from the generic type,M. atrocreas, by its hyaline, thick-walled lamprocystidia and larger basidia and basidiospores. The 5.8S–ITS2 and nrLSU sequence similarities betweenM. incrustataandM. atrocreasare 83% of 437 base pairs and 95.5% of 870 base pairs, respectively.

The ability to detect cancer early in an accurate and rapid fashion is of critical importance for cancer diagnosis and accurate resection in surgery. γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) is overexpressed in several human cancers, while maintaining a low expression in normal microenvironments, and thus is recognized as an important cancer biomarker. To date, rational design of a zero cross-talk ratiometric near-infrared (NIR) GGT fluorescent probe for efficient cancer diagnosis in various biological samples is still a big challenge. In this work, a zero cross-talk ratiometric NIR GGT fluorescent probe named Cy-GSH is developed. Cy-GSH shows high sensitivity to GGT, which is desired for early cancer diagnosis. Upon additional GGT, a large emission shift from 805 to 640 nm is observed, which is suitable for visualizing deeply located cancer in vivo. In addition, successful monitoring of GGT activity in blood, cells, tissues, and in vivo makes Cy-GSH possess great potential for the clinical cancer early diagnosis. Furthermore, accurately visualizing tumors and metastases in mouse models illuminates that the probe may be a convenient tool for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the strategy of a zero cross-talk ratiometric NIR GGT fluorescent probe for early cancer diagnosis and fluorescence-guided surgery.

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a ligand-activated transcriptional activator that is also involved vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Whether different ligands may affect this activity has not been explored. We screened a panel of phytoestrogens for their role in ERα binding and transcriptional transcription, and correlated the findings to anti-inflammatory activities in vascular endothelial cells stably expressing either a wild-type or mutant form of ERα deficient in its membrane association. Taxifolin and silymarin were "high binders" for ERα ligand binding; quercetin and curcumin were "high activators" for ERα transactivation. Using these phytoestrogens as functional probes, we found, in endothelial cells expressing wild-type ERα, the ERα high activator, but not the ERα high binder, promoted ERα nuclear translocation, estrogen response element (ERE) reporter activity, and the downstream gene expression. In endothelial cells expressing membrane association-deficient mutant ERα, the ERα nuclear translocation was significantly enhanced by taxifolin and silymarin, which still failed to activate ERα. Inflammation response was examined using the systemic or vascular inflammation inducers lipopolysaccharide or oxidized low-density lipoprotein. In both cases, only the ERα high activator inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB, JNK, and p38, and the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα. We confirm a threshold nuclear accumulation of ERα is necessary for its transactivation. The anti-inflammatory activity of phytoestrogens is highly dependent on ERα transactivation, less so on the ligand binding, and independent of its membrane association. A pre-examination of phytoestrogens for their mode of ERα interaction could facilitate their development as better targeted receptor modifiers.

ABSTRACTThe phylogenetic relationship of eight species of Echinodontium, Laurilia, and Perplexostereumof Russulales were analyzed based on sequences of the nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS [internal transcribed spacer]) and D1–D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (28S). Our results show that Echinodontium tinctorium, E. ryvardenii, and E. tsugicolarepresent Echinodontiumsensu stricto. Based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence, the new genus Echinodontiellumis established to accommodate Echinodontium japonicum. Amylostereum, Echinodontium, Echinodontiellum, and Larssoniporiaform the Echinodontiaceae clade. The Bondarzewiaceae clade includes Bondarzewia, Heterobasidion, Laurilia, and Lauriliella. The new genus Lauriliellais established for the species initially described as Stereum taxodiiand Lauriliella taiwanensisnew to science. The monotypic genus Perplexostereumforms a distinct clade. A key to the genera in the Echinodontiaceae and Bondarzewiaceae as well to Perplexostereumis provided.

ABSTRACTOnniaincludes white rotting polypores with annual basidiocarps, a duplex context, monomitic hyphal structure, hymenial setae, and hyaline, thin-walled, smooth basidiospores. Specimens of Onnia, originating mainly from East Asia, Europe, and North America, were studied using both morphology and phylogenetic analyses. Our concatenated data set was derived from 25 collections and included (i) 25 nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region sequences (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), 17 generated in this study; and (ii) 14 nuc rDNA 28S rDNA sequences, including the D1–D2 domains, 11 of them generated in this study. The resulting maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies recovered all sampled collections of Onniaas a well-supported clade. In this clade, three previously accepted species, viz., Onnia leporina, O. tomentosa, and O. triquetra, received strong support, whereas three additional lineages with strong support represent the new species described in this paper, O. subtriquetra, O. microspora, and O. tibetica. Of the six Onniaspecies occurring on gymnosperms, O. tomentosaand O. leporinagrow mainly on Piceaand have circumboreal distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, other species that mostly grow on Pinusare geographically restricted to limited regions, viz., O. triquetrain Europe, O. subtriquetrain North America, and O. microsporaand O. tibeticain Asia.

Fragaria vesca,commonly known as wild or woodland strawberry, is the most widely distributed diploid Fragariaspecies and is native to Europe and Asia. Because of its small plant size, low heterozygosity, and relative ease of genetic transformation, F. vescahas been a model plant for fruit research since the publication of its Illumina-based genome in 2011. However, its genomic contribution to octoploid cultivated strawberry remains a long-standing question. Here, we de novoassembled and annotated a telomere-to-telomere, gap-free genome of F. vesca‘Hawaii 4’, with all seven chromosomes assembled into single contigs, providing the highest completeness and assembly quality to date. The gap-free genome is 220 785 082 bp in length and encodes 36 173 protein-coding gene models, including 1153 newly annotated genes. All 14 telomeres and seven centromeres were annotated within the seven chromosomes. Among the three previously recognized wild diploid strawberry ancestors, F. vesca, F. iinumae, and F. viridis, phylogenomic analysis showed that F. vescaand F. viridisare the ancestors of the cultivated octoploid strawberry F.× ananassa, and F. vescais its closest relative. Three subgenomes of F.× ananassabelong to the F. vescagroup, and one is sister to F. viridis. We anticipate that this high-quality, telomere-to-telomere, gap-free F. vescagenome, combined with our phylogenomic inference of the origin of cultivated strawberry, will provide insight into the genomic evolution of Fragariaand facilitate strawberry genetics and molecular breeding.

Two newGloeoporusspecies,G. citrinoalbusandG. hainanensisspp. nov., are described from Hainan Island, tropical China, based on morphological and molecular characters.G. citrinoalbusis characterized by a lemon yellow pore surface, white margin of the fresh fruiting body, tiny pores (8–10 per mm), a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, presence of gloeocystidia, and allantoid basidiospores measured as 3.5–4 × 1 μm.G. hainanensisis characterized by white to cream pore surface, tiny pores (9–11 per mm), a monomitic hyphal system with simple septate hyphae, and allantoid basidiospores measured as 3.5–4.5 × 1 μm. Both morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis inferred from ITS and nLSU sequences confirmed the placement of the two new species inGloeoporusand showed their relationships with similar species in the genus.

A new species,Veluticeps nakasoneae, is described and illustrated from southern tropical China based on morphological and molecular evidence. The species is characterized by its resupinate basidiocarps, simple-septate generative hyphae, single cystidia, presence of numerous dendrohyphidia in hymenium and subhymenium, large subfusiform to narrowly cylindrical basidiospores, and habit on angiospermous wood. Among species in the genus,V. fusispora is similar toV. nakasoneaebut differs in nodose-septate generative hyphae, sparsely branched sclerified hyphae, absence of dendrohyphidia, and fruiting on a native gymnospermous tree in New Zealand.

A new poroid wood-inhabiting fungal genus,Radulotubus, is proposed to accommodate the type speciesR. resupinatus sp. nov. based on morphological and molecular evidence. The genus is characterized by an annual and resupinate basidiocarps, white to cream pores when fresh, darkening after bruising and drying, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, pleural basidia, and globose, hyaline, thin- to slightly thick-walled, smooth, basidiospores without reactions in Melzer's reagent and Cotton Blue. The phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and nLSU sequences showed thatRadulotubus belonged to the Pterulaceae clade in Agaricales, and was closely related toAphanobasidiumandRadulomycesthat included species with smooth to hydnoid hymenophore. Radulotubus is the sole genus with poroid hymenophore in Pterulaceae.

By utilizing gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and QuEChERS purification technology, a new method was developed for the detection of seven acrylate compounds (methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, n-octyl acrylate, and N-octyl methacrylate) in food contact paper products. Hexane was used as the extraction solvent and carbon nanotubes were used as adsorbents during the QuEChERS purification. The acrylates were separated by an ultra-inert column (DB-5MS UI) and detected in the electron ionization mode of MS with selected ions monitoring (SIM). Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curves for the seven analytes were linear in the range of 5.0–1000 μg L−1with the correlation coefficients higher than 0.9984. The quantitation limits of the method (S/N = 10) of these acrylates were in the range of 50.0–100.0 μg kg−1. The mean recoveries for paper products at three spiked concentration levels of 50.0–1000 μg kg−1were in the range of 82.1–106.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs, n= 6) ranged from 1.5% to 5.6%. This method is accurate, simple and rapid, and could be applied to the detection of acrylates in food contact paper products.

Previous studies have found that some immune-related genes were associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). A couple of studies have explored the association between vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to AITDs in different populations and found conflicting results. This case-control study was designed to evaluate the role of polymorphisms of VDR gene in the predisposition of AITDs in a Chinese Han population.

To improve image quality and a higher level of follow-up image process needed, it's of great importance to do the image denoising process first. A new image denoising method in two-dimensional (2-D) fractional time-frequency domain is proposed in this paper. Through the realization of 2-D fractional wavelet transform algorithm, the 2-D fractional wavelet transform theory is applied to image denoising, and compare with image denoising method based on 2-D wavelet transform. A large number of image denoising simulation studies have shown that, the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio of output images based on the proposed method can be effectively improved, and preserve detail information effectively and reduce the noise at the same time. It proved 2-D fractional wavelet transform is a new and effective time-frequency domain image denoising method.

Several studies support a link between autoimmunity and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) gene polymorphisms. We have taken the opportunity to examine association of the autoimmune disease risk gene, the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) to survey its susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid disease. “A total of 667 patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases and 301 healthy controls were genotyped for rs10954213, rs2004640, rs3807306, rs752637 and rs7808907 of IRF5gene polymorphisms”. We further investigated the association between BANK1gene and IRF5gene in AITD patients.

Conventional demand-driven models of water supply system are formulated under the assumption that nodal demands are statistic constants, which is not suitable for the cases where nodal pressure is not sufficient for supplying the required demand. An efficient approach for pressure-dependent demand analysis was developed to simulate the hydraulic states of the network for low pressure scenarios, and the mean-first-order-second-moment method was introduced to do the functional reliability analysis of post-earthquake water supply system, which can be applied to further study for seismic performance control analysis of water distribution system.

Aqueous solutions of N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) are widely used in the sweetening process of sour gases, but the solutions deteriorate due to the contamination in their use process, and the deficiencies of the technologies for the regeneration of disabled solution restrict their development. A vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) technique for the regeneration of MDEA solutions was proposed and experimentally investigated.It is studied the effect of change in solution temperature on its regeneration efficiency and the distillation flux. From the chromatograms it is known that the best temperature for regenerating waste solution by VMD is 70 °C,and the regeneration efficiency can be up to 98% at this experimental conditions.

Monoclonal antibodies have become a part of daily preparation technologies in many laboratories. Attempts have been made to apply monoclonal antibodies to open a new train of thought for clinical treatments of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and other immune-associated diseases. This paper is a prospective review to anticipate that monoclonal antibody application in the treatment of myocarditis, an inflammatory disease of the heart, could be a novel approach in the future. In order to better understand the current state of the art in monoclonal antibody techniques and advance applications in myocarditis, we, through a significant amount of literature research both domestic and abroad, developed a systematic elaboration of monoclonal antibodies, pathogenesis of myocarditis, and application of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis. This paper presents review of the literature of some therapeutic aspects of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy to demonstrate the advance of monoclonal antibody application in myocarditis and a strong anticipation that monoclonal antibody application may supply an effective therapeutic approach to relieve the severity of myocarditis in the future. Under conventional therapy, myocarditis is typically associated with congestive heart failure as a progressive outcome, indicating the need for alternative therapeutic strategies to improve long-term results. Reviewing some therapeutic aspects of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis, we recently found that monoclonal antibodies with high purity and strong specificity can accurately act on target and achieve definite progress in the treatment of viral myocarditis in rat model and may meet the need above. However, several issues remain. The technology on how to make a higher homologous and weak immunogenic humanized or human source antibody and the treatment mechanism of monoclonal antibodies may provide solutions for these open issues. If we are to further stimulate progress in the area of clinical decision support, we must continue to develop and refine our understanding and use of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis.

The damage features of concrete continuous box beam bridges are summarized combined with three prestressed concrete continuous box beam bridges on ZhengLuo highway. There are four common strengthening methods in bridge engineering practice, i.e. bonded steel plates, strengthening with R.C, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and external prestressed strands. By numerical analysis technique of three dimension finite element (3D FE), the stresses of the damaged bridge are compared with the results of the strengthened one which is strengthened by one of the former methods. The strengthening effectiveness of those methods is ascertained. Therefore, the composite strengthening technique (CST) is established, which is effective to improve the bearing capacity and crack resistance of the strengthened bridge. An optimal strengthening process is put forward in the paper. So the CST is reasonable and effective to strengthen a damaged prestressed concrete continuous box beam bridge, which provides a significant reference for other similar strengthening projects.

Considering the unit seismic reliability and node water head of the water supply network after the earthquake as control parameters, the method of optimum seismic strength is developed to make the system’s nodal pressure shortfall or strengthening expense minimum. According to the function requirement and earthquake disaster character of the water supply network, the system’s seismic strength is changed into optimum problem with fewer discrete varieties, and the difficulty of solving large nonlinear scheme can be avoided by adopting orthogonal enumeration method. The presented method is tested to be feasible and effective in optimum seismic strengthening of water supply network.

Taking Zhejiang province as an example, this paper conducted a comparative analysis on the current situation of the energy consumption structure from the vertical and horizontal using the descriptive statistical method. By calculating some indexes such as energy consumption per unit GDP, energy consumption elasticity coefficient, and so on, the study analyzes and evaluates the present situation, trend and influence factors of energy efficiency. Finally, it puts forward some policy suggestions about the optimization of energy consumption structure and energy efficiency.

Taking the breakage of the conduit joints caused by seismic wave propagation as main failure mode, seismic performance analysis of the pipeline was performed with wave theory method by considering pipe’s axial deformation. Influencing factors of pipe’s deformation such as seismic wave’s incident angle, shear wave velocity, pipeline’s diameter and wall thickness were deeply discussed. Two different methods for calculating axial deformation transfer coefficient were presented to check pipeline’s seismic deformation.

The Z-CAST software was employed to simulate the casting process of gray cast-iron flywheel. Shrinkage was predicted through analyzing the temperature field and the flow field. According to the simulation results, the gating system was improved to eliminate shrinkage, and the thin, wide ingate was shown that can reduce the shrinkage and increase casting yield.

Sediments are an important sink for heavy metals in river and lake waters, and their chemical compositions affects the circulation of these elements in the ecosystem. Therefore, the remediation of polluted sediments is critical for the health of the ecological environment. This work proposes a facile method for the enhancement of heavy metals extraction from contaminated sediment. In this work, horizontal electroosmosis was applied to improve extraction efficiency of Cd and Pb from river sediment. The effect of the washing reagent (distilled water, citric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and EDTA) on remediation was investigated, and optimization of the operational parameters of remediation time, washing reagent concentration, electrode spacing, and applied voltage were also studied. Citric acid and EDTA were found to give rise to the greatest removal ratio for Cd and Pb, respectively, with electroosmosis enhancement. After electrokinetic washing for 13 days at cell voltage of 30V, the removal ratio of Cd by citric acid was 77.0%, and that of Pb by EDTA was 88.3%, at the initial concentrations of 30.2 and 304.2mgkg (dry solids), respectively. Decreases in exchangeable, carbonate-bound and iron-manganese oxide-bound fractions of the heavy metals were apparent upon their removal from the polluted river sediment.

Phycocyanin (PC) is a naturally active protein with extensive potential physiological functions. However, the poor stability and low bioavailability of PC have limited its development in nutraceuticals. Therefore, we developed an efficient microfluidic device to fabricate core-shell microcapsules for PC entrapment and colonic delivery. Microfluidics utilizes microchannels and fluid flow rates to shear mutually incompatible fluids to form dispersed emulsion droplets, providing an opportunity to investigate the structure and size of emulsions and precisely control the production of emulsion droplets. By introducing intermolecular interactions, PC was effectively immobilized in the cavity of the inner core sodium alginate (SA) gel, ensuring a high encapsulation efficiency of up to 98% for SA-E microcapsules. The release effects of microcapsules with different wall thicknesses were evaluated by simulating gastrointestinal juice digestion experiments. The results revealed that the microcapsules with 20–30 μm wall thickness were more stable and had superior release performance in gastrointestinal fluid compared with the microcapsules with 10 and 50 μm wall thickness. In addition, after the simulated digestion process in artificial gastrointestinal fluid, the PC embedded in SA-E microcapsules still remained the same structure and exhibited good antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The enhanced stability and bioavailability of PC suggested that SA-E microcapsules can be used for PC entrapment and colonic delivery.

• Blockchain adoption enhances emission reduction in EV closed-loop supply chains. • Adoption of blockchain increases market demand for power batteries in EVs. • Echelon utilization and blockchain adoption increase recycling quantity in CLSCs. • The manufacturer benefits from adopting blockchain in terms of profit maximization. • Nash negotiation and appropriate bargaining power aid integration in CLSCs. The rapid increase in ownership of new energy vehicles has resulted in a surge in retired power batteries, necessitating the development of an efficient recycling system. Given the application of blockchain in recycling, we analyze the blockchain adoption and echelon utilization decisions for the manufacturer in a closed-loop supply chain under the carbon trading policy and offer four distinct models: 1) without echelon utilization and without blockchain, 2) without echelon utilization but with blockchain, 3) echelon utilization without blockchain, and 4) echelon utilization with blockchain. Equilibrium decisions and profits are derived across these models. The results show: adopting blockchain technology is consistently the optimal choice for the manufacturer irrespective of echelon utilization business, and can enhance the recycling quantity. The manufacturer's decision regarding echelon utilization depends on the recycling competition coefficient between the manufacturer and the echelon utilizer. If the competition coefficient falls below a threshold, the manufacturer engages in echelon utilization business; Otherwise, the manufacturer refrains from engaging in echelon utilization activities. The carbon emission reduction level is independent of the manufacturer's involvement in echelon utilization but is improved by the adoption of blockchain. Additionally, conducting Nash negotiation on profit allocation is beneficial for both members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective time management is one of the most crucial characteristics of a successful business. For most businesses, time management is an area that has much scope for further improvement. Irregularities in the execution duration of business processes impede corporate agility and can incur severe consequences, such as project failures and financial losses. Efficient managers must constantly identify potential irregularities in process durations to anticipate and avoid process glitches. This paper proposed a k-nearest neighbor method for systematically detecting irregular process instances in a business using a comprehensive set of activity-level durations, namely execution, transmission, queue, and procrastination durations. Moreover, because agents, customers, and other variables influence the progress of processes, contextual information was presented using fuzzy values. The values and corresponding membership functions were used to adjust the durations of each activity. This proposed method was applied to the system logs of a medium-sized logistics company to identify irregularities. Experts confirmed that 81% of the identified irregular instances were abnormal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]