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Data from a national monitoring system in place after 1991 in Australia indicate that prevalence of HIV infection among those entering prisons was low and that rates of HIV antibody testing were high.To measure the extent and outcome of HIV antibody testing of prisoners when they entered Australian prisons, a cross-sectional survey was carried out, 1991-97. HIV infection continues to be found in the group entering Australian prisons, as can be seen from the fact that people not known before to the prison health service to have HIV infection entered prison in each year. HIV prevalence in those entering prisons was at least three times that of the overall population.

ABSTRACTTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern due to its growing incidence and resulting long-term or lifelong impairments. Exercise is a non-stigmatising approach proposed to alleviate the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional consequences after TBI. We used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore the exercise experiences of seven individuals living with a severe TBI, 5–31 years after rehabilitation. We engaged in semi-structured interviews with the participants and we used IPA to explore their post-TBI exercise experiences outside of the clinical setting. Based on our analysis, we found three themes encompassed how TBI-related impairments affected the participants’ abilities, self-perceptions, and perspectives on life. The participants also identified optimal environments for exercise participation, as well as perceived physical, social, and psychological effects of exercise. Future recommendations include developing community-based exercise programmes to assist with social reintegration and exploring the full range of benefits obtainable from exercise after a TBI.

ABSTRACTPhysical education (PE) curricula in many countries explicitly task teachers with the responsibility to support the health of their pupils. However, there are concerns that a prevailing ‘healthism’ discourse is influencing how PE curricula are enacted. Although we know something about how PE teachers understand and ‘teach’ health, little is known about the perspectives of student PE teachers. We carried out semi-structured interviews with PE student teachers from Canada and Scotland to explore how they conceptualised health and the body. Furthermore, we investigated how their understandings of health and the body influenced their perceptions of teaching ‘health’ in their respective PE contexts. Our post-structural analysis demonstrates how the students’ Initial Teacher Education (ITE) contexts influenced their perceptions of where the responsibility lies for addressing the health of young people. These different perceptions have enabled and constrained practice in various ways. The Scottish students critically deconstructed dominant healthism and obesity discourses but this process did not result in the articulation of critical practice. The Canadian students were less likely to engage in critical inquiry but evidenced creativity and divergent thinking in relation to how they would integrate health outcomes in their teaching. We conclude by exploring the implications of these findings for ITE programs by advocating an appliedapproach to critical inquiry.

Participation in the Paralympic Games has grown substantially, yet the same growth and development has not occurred with empirical literature for coaching in disability sport.

The Aberfeldy Footbridge is an innovative application of new structural materials and techniques. Its successful completion may open the way to wider use of glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) structural elements in bridge construction. The Aberfeldy Footbridge has been designed and built entirely of modern composite materials. Its costs and behaviour are comparable to a lightweight steel bridge which, however, would have been much heavier and which could not have been fabricated on site. Applicability to environmentally sensitive locations, remote terrain and to work forces with limited skills all suggest a bright future for the techniques demonstrated by this bridge.

One of the many responsibilities of the orthodontist is to minimise the risk of dental caries development as a consequence of orthodontic treatment. Patients receiving orthodontic treatment are commonly at an age when many newly erupted teeth are present. Newly erupted teeth are particularly vulnerable to dental caries initiation but are also very responsive to topical fluoride therapy. For these reasons orthodontic patients should be exposed to preventive measures to protect enamel. A number of home care procedures and topical fluoride procedures appropriate to each phase of orthodontic treatment can be utilised to impart caries resistance.

Presents the short story 'Just a Line.'