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Researchers at Hainan Medical University in Haikou, China, have found that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in promoting angiogenesis in ovarian cancer. They discovered that CAFs-derived exosomes with Hoxd11 overexpression enhance the growth and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by promoting the transcription of fibronectin (FN1). This study sheds light on the mechanisms underlying ovarian cancer progression and highlights the potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting angiogenesis in this type of cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint abstract discusses the use of single-cell transcriptional profiling to understand the development of diverse neuron types in the Drosophila visual system. The researchers identified homeodomain transcription factor (HDTF) codes that specify different neuron types in the first ganglion of the visual system. They found that specific HDTFs are expressed in distinct newborn neurons and are responsible for specifying different lamina neuron types. The loss of certain HDTFs caused neurons to revert to ancestral types, suggesting that HDTFs have played a role in expanding neuron diversity during evolution. This research has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the Notch pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling system that influences cell fate decisions in various developmental contexts. The study aimed to identify novel effectors of Notch signaling by analyzing the transcriptome of Drosophila wing and eye imaginal discs. The researchers identified a LIM homeodomain protein called Arrowhead (Awh) as a candidate that plays a crucial role in Notch-mediated developmental events. Awh interacts with Notch pathway components and regulates the expression of Notch targets. The study also highlights a regulatory loop between Awh and Notch, with Awh activity being inhibited by activated Notch. The findings suggest a novel feedback regulation between Awh and Notch in wing and neuronal development. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the role of PROX1, a protein, in safeguarding the identity of hepatocytes and preventing liver tumorigenesis. The study suggests that PROX1 actively represses alternate fate master regulators, enhancing hepatocyte identity and blocking unwanted plasticity. In mice, PROX1 was found to be necessary for efficient hepatocyte regeneration and acted as a tumor suppressor in liver cancer models. Depletion of PROX1 in vivo led to hepatocyte fate loss and promoted the transition of hepatocellular carcinoma to cholangiocarcinoma, while overexpression had the opposite effect. The findings support the idea that cell type-specific repressors actively suppress plasticity to safeguard lineage choice and prevent disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Department of General Surgery has shed light on the role of T-cell leukemia homeobox protein 1 (TLX1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a type of liver cancer. The researchers found that TLX1 is highly expressed in HCC cells and its knockdown leads to a reduction in malignant behavior. They also discovered that TLX1 binds to the promoter region of trafficking protein particle complex subunit 9 (TRAPPC9), promoting its expression. Additionally, the study revealed that Zinc finger protein 69 homolog B (ZFP69B) is highly expressed in HCC cells and induces TLX1 expression. Knockdown of ZFP69B inhibits the viability and mobility of HCC cells, while overexpression of TLX1 rescues this inhibition. These findings suggest that ZFP69B promotes the growth of HCC cells by upregulating TLX1 and TRAPPC9 expression. [Extracted from the article]

According to a preprint abstract from biorxiv.org, a study has found that the MEIS transcription factors play a crucial role in activating a cardiac-specific gene expression program during cardiac differentiation. The study suggests that MEIS TFs collaborate with lineage-enriched TFs, GATA and HOX, to guide MEIS to function at cardiac-specific enhancers. The research also highlights the importance of tissue-specific transcriptional activation through the interaction of ubiquitous actuator TFs with general transcriptional coactivators at tissue-specific enhancers. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Fudan University in Shanghai, China, discusses the role of the homeobox protein MSX-1 (MSX1) as a novel host restriction factor of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in the liver. The study found that MSX1 suppresses viral gene expression and genome replication, potentially leading to viral clearance. The research suggests that MSX1 could have therapeutic potential for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (CHB). This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of HBV infection and offers potential avenues for future treatment options. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses a study on the potential anti-cancer properties of Guggulsterone (GS) on prostate cancer cells. The study found that GS treatment induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and upregulated the expression of the homeobox protein NKX3.1, even in the absence of androgens. This suggests that NKX3.1 could be a potential target for preventing prostate cancer. The study also highlights the need for further research to fully understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of GS and to develop targeted therapies for prostate cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint abstract discusses the role of homeodomain proteins in generating diverse neuron types and precise neural circuits in the brain. The study focuses on Drosophila lamina neuron types and identifies the primary homeodomain transcription factor (HDTF) Brain-specific homeobox (Bsh) as a key regulator. Bsh activates secondary HDTFs Ap and Pdm3 to specify neuronal fates and prevent ectopic fates, thereby generating neuronal diversity. Additionally, Bsh and Ap function in a feed-forward loop to activate the synapse recognition molecule DIP-beta, linking neuronal fate decision to synaptic connectivity. The study suggests that hierarchical HDTFs may be a conserved mechanism for coordinating neuronal identity, circuit formation, and function. [Extracted from the article]

Connective Tissue Cells, Enzymes and Coenzymes, Fibroblasts, Kinase, Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor), Protein Kinases Keywords: Connective Tissue Cells; Enzymes and Coenzymes; Fibroblasts; Kinase; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); Protein Kinases EN Connective Tissue Cells Enzymes and Coenzymes Fibroblasts Kinase Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) Protein Kinases 2007 2007 1 06/12/23 20230616 NES 230616 2023 JUN 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Genomics & Genetics Weekly -- Investigators discuss new findings in phosphotransferases (alcohol group acceptor). [Extracted from the article]

Jilin, People's Republic of China, Asia, Bioengineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biomedicine, Biotechnology, Health and Medicine, Regenerative Medicine Keywords: Jilin; People's Republic of China; Asia; Bioengineering; Biomedical Engineering; Biomedicine; Biotechnology; Health and Medicine; Regenerative Medicine EN Jilin People's Republic of China Asia Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering Biomedicine Biotechnology Health and Medicine Regenerative Medicine 207 207 1 04/03/23 20230406 NES 230406 2023 APR 6 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Blood Weekly -- Investigators publish new report on Biomedical Engineering - Regenerative Medicine. [Extracted from the article]

Inflammation, Stanford, State:California, United States, North and Central America, Science, Health and Medicine Keywords for this news article include: Stanford, California, United States, North and Central America, Science, Health and Medicine, Inflammation, Stanford University. Keywords: Stanford; State:California; United States; North and Central America; Science; Health and Medicine; Inflammation EN Stanford State:California United States North and Central America Science Health and Medicine Inflammation 2709 2709 1 03/27/23 20230331 NES 230331 2023 MAR 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators publish new report on Science. [Extracted from the article]

In insects, DNA methylation modifies gene bodies, but how DNA methylation and transcription factors regulate gene expression is unclear." Keywords: Guangzhou; People's Republic of China; Asia; Embryonic Research; Genetics; Health and Medicine; Proteins; Transcription Factors EN Guangzhou People's Republic of China Asia Embryonic Research Genetics Health and Medicine Proteins Transcription Factors 2171 2171 1 03/23/23 20230310 NES 230310 2023 MAR 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Researchers detail new data in Proteins - Transcription Factors. Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, Asia, Embryonic Research, Genetics, Health and Medicine, Proteins, Transcription Factors. [Extracted from the article]