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Registered nurses’ practice in primary care varies and is sometimes sub-optimal. To fill the gap in primary care-specific knowledge, we co-constructed a national educational program to reinforce the nursing workforce. We based our project on the knowledge-to-action approach. Many lessons were learned during the development phase: (1) The experiential knowledge of patient partners and stakeholders allows an education program based on real needs; (2) The development of a national education program requires high-intensity investment from all involved persons; (3) An in-person meeting at the beginning of the project enables robust discussions and optimal co-creation; and (4) In a country where two official languages are spoken, it’s essential to create a safe environment and a translation infrastructure that allows everyone to express themselves in the language of their choice. Finally, other initiatives in healthcare education or professional practice improvement could leverage our findings to realize national-scale projects using knowledge creation approaches.

The recent developments of electromagnetic induction and electrostatic prospection devices dedicated to critical zone surveys in both rural and urban contexts necessitate improving the interpretation of electrical properties through complementary laboratory studies. In a first interpretation step, the various experimental results obtained in the 100 Hz–10 MHz frequency range can be empirically fitted by a simple six‐term formula. It allows the reproduction of the logarithmic decrease of the real component of the effective relative permittivity and its corresponding imaginary component, the part associated with the direct current conductivity, one Cole–Cole relaxation and the real and imaginary components of the high‐frequency relative permittivity. For elucidating physical phenomena contributing to both the logarithmic decrease and the observed Cole–Cole relaxation, we first consider the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars polarization. Using the method of moments, we establish that this continuous medium approach can reproduce a large range of relaxation characteristics. At the microscopic scale, the possible role of the rotation of the water molecules bound to solid grains is then investigated. In this case, contrary to the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars approach, the relaxation parameters do not depend on the external medium properties.

Graphical Abstract:

Meiosis is a specialized eukaryotic division that produces genetically diverse gametes for sexual reproduction. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair and undergo reciprocal exchanges, called crossovers, which recombine genetic variation. Meiotic crossovers are stringently controlled with at least one obligate exchange forming per chromosome pair, while closely spaced crossovers are inhibited by interference. In Arabidopsis, crossover positions can be explained by a diffusion-mediated coarsening model, in which large, approximately evenly spaced foci of the pro-crossover E3 ligase HEI10 grow at the expense of smaller, closely spaced clusters. However, the mechanisms that control HEI10 dynamics during meiosis remain unclear. Here, through a forward genetic screen in Arabidopsis, we identified high crossover rate3(hcr3), a dominant-negative mutant that reduces crossover interference and increases crossovers genome-wide. HCR3encodes J3, a co-chaperone related to HSP40, which acts to target protein aggregates and biomolecular condensates to the disassembly chaperone HSP70, thereby promoting proteasomal degradation. Consistently, we show that a network of HCR3 and HSP70 chaperones facilitates proteolysis of HEI10, thereby regulating interference and the recombination landscape. These results reveal a new role for the HSP40/J3-HSP70 chaperones in regulating chromosome-wide dynamics of recombination via control of HEI10 proteolysis.

Photolysis of DNA attached to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with ultraviolet (UV) photons induces DNA damage. The release of nucleobases (Cyt, Gua, Ade, and Thy) from DNA was the major reaction (99%) with an approximately equal release of pyrimidines and purines. This reaction contributes to the formation of abasic sites in DNA. In addition, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/MS (LC-MS/MS) analysis revealed the formation of reduction products of pyrimidines (5,6-dihydrothymidine and 5,6-dihydro-2′-deoxyuridine) and eight 2′,3′- and 2′,5′-dideoxynucleosides. In contrast, there was no evidence of the formation of 5-hydroxymethyluracil and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, which are common oxidation products of thymine and guanine, respectively. Using appropriate filters, the main photochemical reactions were found to involve photoelectrons ejected from AuNPs by UV photons. The contribution of “hot” conduction band electrons with energies below the photoemission threshold was minor. The mechanism for the release of free nucleobases by photoelectrons is proposed to take place by the initial formation of transient molecular anions of the nucleobases, followed by dissociative electron attachment at the C1′-N glycosidic bond connecting the nucleobase to the sugar–phosphate backbone. This mechanism is consistent with the reactivity of secondary electrons ejected by X-ray irradiation of AuNPs attached to DNA, as well as the reactions of various nucleic acid derivatives irradiated with monoenergetic very-low-energy electrons (∼2 eV). These studies should help us to understand the chemistry of nanoparticles that are exposed to UV light and that are used as scaffolds and catalysts in molecular biology, curative agents in photodynamic therapy, and components of sunscreens and cosmetics.

Aluminum alloys are used in advanced engineering applications as they possess a combination of favorable properties, including high strength, lightweightness, good corrosion resistance, machineability, and recyclability. Such applications often require forming the sheets into the final components, which is typically aided by an oil-based lubricant, followed by joining them using adhesives, which is hampered by residual lubricant. In this work, aluminum surfaces were modified with different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), with the goal of significantly reducing the amount of lubricant while simultaneously improving friction properties, forming, and bonding performance. Our results show that SAMs terminated with hydrophilic and nucleophilic end groups give rise to high-energy surfaces with wetting properties that are stable over time. These surfaces showed significantly improved surface wetting by the lubricant, which in turn resulted in an improved forming performance at reduced lubricant coat weights. Moreover, the nucleophilic SAM termination provided outstanding performance in adhesive bonding tests under corrosive conditions.

The measurement of ileal amino acid (AA) digestibility is invasive and inappropriate when applied to vulnerable populations. The dual isotope method has been developed over the past 5 y as an alternative method.

Phase-pure samples and single crystals of the rare-earth oxyselenides RE4Ga2Se7O2(RE= Pr, Nd) were prepared by reactions at 950 °C. They adopt a new structure type (orthorhombic, space group Pnma, a= 11.721(2)–11.683(2) Å, b= 3.9882(7)–3.9667(7) Å, c= 29.644(5)–29.581(5) Å, Z= 4) consisting of RESe6trigonal prisms, GaSe4tetrahedra, and GaSe5trigonal bipyramids linked to form corrugated layers between which strips of edge-sharing RE4O tetrahedra are inserted. The bonding character is mostly ionic within RE–O and RE–Se blocks but mostly covalent with Ga–Se blocks, as supported by electronic structure calculations. Both compounds show a nearly direct optical band gap of 1.7 eV. Their Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities are predicted to be similar to other oxychalcogenides, with the thermoelectric power factors being improved by n-doping. They exhibit high electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction, with the Pr member demonstrating superior activity, as characterized by a low overpotential of 257 mV (at a current density of 10 mA cm–2), a high mass activity of 70.1 A g–1, and a turnover frequency of 0.0234 s–1in 1 M KOH electrolyte.

Women with a previous caesarean delivery face a difficult choice in their next pregnancy: planning another caesarean or attempting vaginal delivery, both of which are associated with potential maternal and perinatal complications. This trial aimed to assess whether a multifaceted intervention, which promoted person-centred decision making and best practices, would reduce the risk of major perinatal morbidity among women with one previous caesarean delivery.

The security of Europe’s gas supply has been the subject of much debate. The focus, however, is often on technical or economical considerations. This article is the first to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of legislative aspects of the security of gas supply to Europe. It uses the three core components of energy security – availability, reliability and affordability – as a tool to shed light on the historical development of gas security legislation in Europe. Starting with the late 1960s, the article distinguishes three broad phases of legislative activities over the last several decades, namely an early phase, a consolidation phase and a third phase of increasing Europeanisation and oversight. The article concludes with some recommendations, amongst them an increased focus of future legislative activities in the field on affordability of the gas supply for all European consumers.

This study aims to optimize a single preparation methodology based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) that could fit both target and non-target screening of organic biomarkers in raw wastewater, allowing the cross-comparison of results obtained from a same dataset. The efficiency of SPE sorbents used alone (HLB) or in combination in a multilayer cartridge was evaluated based on (i) the extraction recovery and matrix effect in environmental samples (surface water and wastewater) for a list of biomarkers (pharmaceuticals, licit and illicit drugs, artificial sweeteners, isoprostanes, polyphenols) and (ii) a number of detected features and their intensity in HRMS. The selected method uses a combination of three SPE sorbents mixed together (HLB, X-AW and X-CW) and seems to take full advantage of each, providing satisfactory validation parameters (recovery, instrumental limit of detection, linearity range and limit of quantification) over a large range of physico-chemical properties while ensuring promising results for non-target screening applications. Of the 65 targeted compounds, nearly all of them (47) were detected in wastewater influent samples with concentration above the limit of quantification, while at the same time over 10 000 features were recorded according to the high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) fingerprint, holding out the promise that a common protocol for these two analyses, with their very contrasting constraints and objectives, is possible.

Abstract:In the early 20th century, the conservation of the wild fauna of the Empire became a concern for the British government, which set aside large areas to create parks, reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries. The main supporter of this effort in Malaya was Theodore Hubback, a former big game hunter and game warden, who was instrumental in creating two large protected areas in Pahang: the Krau wildlife reserve and the King George V National Park. These projects threatened the rights of local populations who used the forest and its products, but forest dwellers and Malay villagers made claims for access with the support of the sultans, especially Sultan Abu Bakar of Pahang, and the regulations for the National Park and wildlife reserves took their needs into account. Intense negotiations involving different factions within the colonial administration, the sultans and their courts, and local inhabitants forced proponents of the preservation of the fauna to make concessions which, in the long term, appear to have been beneficial for the conservation of wildlife.This article is an updated version of an article published in French under the title ‘Protéger la forêt et sa faune contre les indigènes en Malaya britannique’ in the journal Péninsule, no. 75, in 2017. The translation was prepared by Colin Dyer and Mathieu Guérin, and the article is published with permission of Péninsule.

The geometry of the Birkhoff polytope, i.e., the compact convex set of all n×ndoubly stochastic matrices, has been an active subject of research. While its faces, edges and facets as well as its volume have been intensely studied, other geometric characteristics such as the center and radius were left off, despite their natural uses in some areas of mathematics. In this paper, we completely characterize the Chebyshev center and the Chebyshev radius of the Birkhoff polytope associated with the metrics induced by the operator ℓnp-norms for the range 1≤p≤∞.

In the first of this series of two articles, we studied some geometrical aspects of the Birkhoff polytope, the compact convex set of all n×ndoubly stochastic matrices, namely the Chebyshev center, and the Chebyshev radius of the Birkhoff polytope associated with metrics induced by the operator norms from ℓnpto ℓnpfor 1≤p≤∞. In the present paper, we take another look at those very questions, but for a different family of matrix norms, namely the Schatten p-norms, for 1≤p<∞. While studying these properties, the intrinsic connection to the minimal trace, which naturally appears in the assignment problem, is also established.

The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a proteinaceous structure that forms between homologous chromosomes during meiosis prophase. The SC is widely conserved across species, but its structure and roles during meiotic recombination are still debated. While the SC central region is made up of transverse filaments and central element proteins in mammals and fungi, few central element proteins have been identified in other species. Here we report the identification of two coiled-coil proteins, SCEP1 and SCEP2, that form a complex and localize at the centre of the Arabidopsis thalianaSC. In scep1and scep2mutants, chromosomes are aligned but not synapsed (the ZYP1 transverse filament protein is not loaded), crossovers are increased compared with the wild type, interference is lost and heterochiasmy is strongly reduced. We thus report the identification of two plant SC central elements, and homologues of these are found in all major angiosperm clades.

La cohorte GERODIAB est une première étude française évaluant l’évolution à 5 ans à la fois des complications diabétologiques et des altérations gériatriques, la mortalité et leur lien avec l’équilibre glycémique chez 987 patients âgés diabétiques de type 2 d’âge moyen de 77 ans à l’inclusion et ayant une autonomie conservée. Ses résultats sont utiles en pratique quotidienne.

The objective of this work is to better understand the acoustic interferences created by distributed propulsion engines based on an approach that combines RANS simulation results for the aerodynamic prediction and analytical models to calculate acoustics. A multi-propeller configuration without wing is considered for this investigation. The propeller geometry and the operating conditions are realistic for a regional transport airplane. In the first part of the paper, the results obtained by two different and independent prediction methods are compared. One method is well-established and serves as validation for the second, low-order method, which is better suited for design-to-noise applications since it requires less details as input and is computationally faster by several orders of magnitude. The good agreement between both methods, obtained for a single propeller as well as for the distributed propeller configuration, is exploited in the second part of the paper to investigate the role of acoustic interferences. Taking acoustic interferences into account drastically affects the directivity of the tonal emission. Compared to the results obtained by considering the propellers as if they were uncorrelated, the far-field sound pressure levels can be significantly lower at the radiation nodes or amplified up to the theoretical limit of 9 dB calculated for eight propellers. The directivity patterns depend on the relative initial angular positions of the propellers. When these positions are randomly varied according to the uniform probability density distribution model, the mean result (expectation) is the same as if the propellers were considered as uncorrelated. Finally, the results show that the probability that the acoustic level is lower than the mean value is higher than 50% because of the positive skewness of the probability distribution of the resulting pressure amplitude. Even though the propeller–propeller and propeller–wing interactions were not considered, the essence of the findings is expected to remain valid for more complex configurations because those interactions are rotor phase-locked.

En l’espace d’une cinquantaine d’année, la réglementation a fait de la personne compétente en radioprotection (PCR) l’acteur principal de la radioprotection dans les différents établissements mettant en œuvre des rayonnements ionisants pour assurer la protection des travailleurs – mais aussi depuis peu celle du public – notamment lors de l’utilisation de sources non scellées. La réglementation définit le rôle et les missions de la PCR, précise son articulation avec les autres acteurs et fixe les modalités de sa formation. Les fonctions de la PCR ont par ailleurs sensiblement évolué avec la création des conseillers en radioprotection (CRP). L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser et de comprendre l’évolution historique de la fonction de PCR, exercée actuellement par plus de 10 000 personnes en France, pour mieux en dégager les enjeux de demain.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is an acute viral disease associated with high mortality and great economic losses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a common diagnostic and research tool for the demonstration of avian influenza A virus (AIAV) antigens within affected tissues, supporting etiologic diagnosis and assessing viral distribution in both naturally and experimentally infected birds. RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) has been used successfully for the identification of a variety of viral nucleic acids within histologic samples. We validated RNAscope ISH for the detection of AIAV in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. RNAscope ISH targeting the AIAV matrix gene and anti-IAV nucleoprotein IHC were performed on 61 FFPE tissue sections obtained from 3 AIAV-negative, 16 H5 HPAIAV, and 1 low pathogenicity AIAV naturally infected birds, including 7 species sampled between 2009 and 2022. All AIAV-negative birds were confirmed negative by both techniques. All AIAVs were detected successfully by both techniques in all selected tissues and species. Subsequently, H-score comparison was assessed through computer-assisted quantitative analysis on a tissue microarray comprised of 132 tissue cores from 9 HPAIAV-infected domestic ducks. Pearson correlation of r = 0.95 (0.94–0.97), Lin concordance coefficient of ρc= 0.91 (0.88–0.93), and Bland–Altman analysis indicated high correlation and moderate concordance between the 2 techniques. H-score values were significantly higher with RNAscope ISH compared to IHC for brain, lung, and pancreatic tissues (p≤ 0.05). Overall, our results indicate that RNAscope ISH is a suitable and sensitive tool for in situ detection of AIAV in FFPE tissues.

Le trouble de stress post-traumatique chez le sujet âgé, parfois banalisé du fait du grand âge du patient, voire nié et/ou évité par le patient lui-même et son entourage, est confondu avec d’autres symptômes thymiques ou cognitifs. Pourtant, il semble essentiel que les professionnels de la gériatrie et gérontologie puissent bénéficier d’une grille de lecture pour le repérage, le diagnostic et l’accompagnement de ce trouble après 65 ans. Afin d’apporter quelques éléments de réponse, une brève revue de la littérature est proposée mettant en exergue les connaissances actuelles et les techniques de soins ayant montré une efficacité clinique.

Despite numerous studies on Himalayan erosion, it is not known how the very high Himalayan peaks erode. Although valley floors are efficiently eroded by glaciers, the intensity of periglacial processes, which erode the headwalls extending from glacial cirques to crest lines, seems to decrease sharply with altitude1,2. This contrast suggests that erosion is muted and much lower than regional rock uplift rates for the highest Himalayan peaks, raising questions about their long-term evolution3,4. Here we report geological evidence for a giant rockslide that occurred around 1190 adin the Annapurna massif (central Nepal), involving a total rock volume of about 23 km3. This event collapsed a palaeo-summit, probably culminating above 8,000 m in altitude. Our data suggest that a mode of high-altitude erosion could be mega-rockslides, leading to the sudden reduction of ridge-crest elevation by several hundred metres and ultimately preventing the disproportionate growth of the Himalayan peaks. This erosion mode, associated with steep slopes and high relief, arises from a greater mechanical strength of the peak substratum, probably because of the presence of permafrost at high altitude. Giant rockslides also have implications for landscape evolution and natural hazards: the massive supply of finely crushed sediments can fill valleys more than 150 km farther downstream and overwhelm the sediment load in Himalayan rivers for a century or more.

ABSTRACTMicrofade testing (MFT) was used to examine standardized wool samples dyed with 14 natural historic dyes, each prepared with five different mordants, to determine whether the lightfastness and colourimetric properties of these dyes vary as a function of the mordant. The addition of mordants changed the original colour of the dyes as well as potential patterns corresponding to ΔL*, Δa*, and Δb* such that the variation of lightfastness ranges from 0.25–0.70 units of Blue Wool Equivalence (BWE). Disregarding the effect of mordants, MFT showed that all dyes have lightfastness equivalent to BW3, indicating that they belong in the category of ‘high sensitivity to light’. All dye-mordant combinations vary in lightfastness, such that even the least lightfast dye will have a mordant combination that is more lightfast than the most lightfast dye combined with a mordant that renders it less lightfast. The effect of mordants varies by dye: while one dye may demonstrate a difference in lightfastness of 0.56 units of BWE between the least and most lightfast mordant combination, another may show little or no difference (as low as 0.07 units of BWE). Overall, alum based mordants tend to produce the least lightfast combinations, followed by tin and iron, with copper and chromium producing the most lightfast combinations. This paper shows that there are no simplistic patterns of lightfastness between mordant-dye combinations with these 14 natural dyes. Identifying both dye and mordant is useful to better estimate the lightfastness of a dyed textile.

The optimal calorie and protein intakes at the acute phase of severe critical illness remain unknown. We hypothesised that early calorie and protein restriction improved outcomes in these patients, compared with standard calorie and protein targets.

Oral administration of nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising strategy to overcome solubility and stability issues of many active compounds. However, this route faces major obstacles related to the hostile gastrointestinal (GI) environment, which impairs the efficacy of orally administered nanomedicines. Here, we propose nanocomposites as a promising approach to increase the retention time of NPs in the intestinal tract by using bio- and mucoadhesive matrixes able to protect the cargo until it reaches the targeted area. A microfluidic-based approach has been applied for the production of tailored nanoemulsions (NEs) of about 110 nm, used for the encapsulation of small hydrophobic drugs such as the anti-inflammatory JAK-inhibitor tofacitinib. These NEs proved to be efficiently internalized into a mucus-secreting human intestinal monolayer of Caco-2/HT29-MTX cells and to deliver tofacitinib to subepithelial human THP-1 macrophage-like cells, reducing their inflammatory response. NEs were then successfully encapsulated into alginate hydrogel microbeads of around 300 μm, which were characterized by rheological experiments and dried to create a long-term stable system for pharmaceutical applications. Finally, ex vivoexperiments on excised segments of rats′ intestine proved the bioadhesive ability of NEs embedded in alginate hydrogels compared to free NEs, showing the advantage that this hybrid system can offer for the treatment of intestinal pathologies.

El robot quirúrgico se ha incorporado al arsenal terapéutico quirúrgico en beneficio de las mujeres para el tratamiento de las patologías ginecológicas. No sustituye a la vía vaginal ni a la vía laparoscópica clásica, sino que es complementario de éstas. En cuanto a la cirugía ginecológica oncológica, su lugar parece ser indiscutible para el tratamiento del cáncer de endometrio, al permitir tasas de cirugía mínimamente invasivas del 80% en un sistema sanitario. En cuanto a la patología benigna, permite reducir las laparotomías, sobre todo para las miomectomías y los úteros muy grandes. Para la patología endometriósica, el beneficio no se ha demostrado, pero la mejora de la visión y de la calidad de disección que permite el robot le conferirán sin duda un papel preponderante. Para la promontofijación, el beneficio no se ha demostrado aún, pero el robot permite una estandarización del procedimiento quirúrgico y disminuye las curvas de aprendizaje. El sobrecoste que provoca el robot sigue siendo un problema de salud pública, pero debe sopesarse respecto a las posibilidades que ofrece.

Current management practices and outcomes in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation are poorly understood. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, management, timings, risk for failure, and outcomes of weaning in patients requiring at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation.

Plant proteins (PPs) have been associated with better cardiovascular health than animal proteins (APs) in epidemiological studies. However, the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain mostly unknown.

Transient soluble oligomers of amyloid-β (Aβ) are considered among the most toxic species in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Soluble Aβ oligomers accumulate early prior to insoluble plaque formation and cognitive impairment. The cyclic d,l-α-peptide CP-2 (1) self-assembles into nanotubes and demonstrates promising anti-amyloidogenic activity likely by a mechanism involving engagement of soluble oligomers. Systematic replacement of the residues in peptide 1with aza-amino acid counterparts was performed to explore the effects of hydrogen bonding on propensity to mitigate Aβ aggregation and toxicity. Certain azapeptides exhibited improved ability to engage, alter the secondary structure, and inhibit aggregation of Aβ. Moreover, certain azapeptides disassembled preformed Aβ fibrils and protected cells from Aβ-mediated toxicity. Substitution of the l-norleucine3and d-serine6residues in peptide 1with aza-norleucine and aza-homoserine provided, respectively, nontoxic [azaNle3]-1(4) and [azaHse6]-1(7), that significantly abated symptoms in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegansAD model by decreasing Aβ oligomer levels.

In this decade, electro‐geophysical methods are widely used in different environmental subjects. Studies on soil remediation when polluted by dense non‐aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) has become a certain need for all countries. Geoelectrical methods have shown their potential to facilitate evaluating decontamination processes. Our challenge in this study was to understand how coupled temperature and saturation changes affect electro‐geophysical parameters in a contaminated 2D sample. The primary objective was to evaluate the efficiency and potential of spectral‐induced polarization (SIP) for monitoring the recovery of DNAPLs in contaminated porous media. A set of 2D tank experiments investigated the impacts of temperature and saturation changes on the electrical complex resistivity of a saturated porous medium under non‐isothermal conditions. The measurements were made with a coal‐tar and water fluid pair in a porous medium that has been simulated by 1 mm glass beads. Hot water was circulated around the tank and an immersion heater used to heat the porous medium in the tank at different stages. The SIP technique (also called complex resistivity) was used to measure the complex electrical resistivity of a medium in the frequency domain. The experimental results for a simple drainage case were validated using numerical modelling. The complex electrical resistivity was used to obtain the saturation field before and after imbibition. For this purpose, the generalized Archie's law obtained for the same fluid pair with 1D cells (with a vertical flow) was used. Our results from electrical resistivity measurements for saturation fields are in accordance with 2D tank images and can illustrate the saturation change with pointwise resistivity measurements. The results show that saturation change has the primary role in electrical resistivity variation compared to temperature (5%–7%). We also studied the effects of temperature change on the Cole–Cole parameters, and the results confirm our previous findings with the same variation trend in these parameters. The results from varying electrical complex resistivity from the 2D tank (with vertical and horizontal flow) in the laboratory conditions will help us to understand the coupled temperature and saturation effects on complex resistivity in a real polluted site case.

Malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are a highly effective, first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparummalaria, except in the first trimester of pregnancy, when quinine with clindamycin is recommended due to concerns about the potential embryotoxicity of artemisinins. We compared adverse pregnancy outcomes after artemisinin-based treatment (ABT) versus non-ABTs in the first trimester of pregnancy.

This commentary aims to show how the concept of ‘political work’ suggested by Kaveri Haritas (Haritas, 2021, In search of home: Citizenship, law and the politics of the poor) applies to a wide range of contexts and goods and services supposedly provided by the State in India but also elsewhere. The objective is also to outline the contributions of the concept of political work to feminist studies from the perspective of social reproduction theory.

The paper deals with the design of a high-gain observer for nonlinear system with delayed output measurements and bounded disturbances. The new structure of the proposed observer exhibits good performance in terms of allowing a higher MAVTD (Maximum Allowable Value of the Time-Delay) compared to the existing works, where the MAVTD is limited due to the high value of the high-gain parameter. Based on the LMI technique and using Lyapunov-Krasovskii function, an explicit relation between MAVTD and the LMI tuning parameters is deduced from the stability analysis of the proposed observer. The efficiency of the proposed structure is illustrated through an application to a Quadrotor UAV and a comparison with standard and cascade high-gain observers is performed.

Tropical peatlands cycle and store large amounts of carbon in their soil and biomass1–5. Climate and land-use change alters greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of tropical peatlands, but the magnitude of these changes remains highly uncertain6–19. Here we measure net ecosystem exchanges of carbon dioxide, methane and soil nitrous oxide fluxes between October 2016 and May 2022 from Acacia crassicarpaplantation, degraded forest and intact forest within the same peat landscape, representing land-cover-change trajectories in Sumatra, Indonesia. This allows us to present a full plantation rotation GHG flux balance in a fibre wood plantation on peatland. We find that the Acaciaplantation has lower GHG emissions than the degraded site with a similar average groundwater level (GWL), despite more intensive land use. The GHG emissions from the Acaciaplantation over a full plantation rotation (35.2 ± 4.7 tCO2-eq ha−1year−1, average ± standard deviation) were around two times higher than those from the intact forest (20.3 ± 3.7 tCO2-eq ha−1year−1), but only half of the current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 emission factor (EF)20for this land use. Our results can help to reduce the uncertainty in GHG emissions estimates, provide an estimate of the impact of land-use change on tropical peat and develop science-based peatland management practices as nature-based climate solutions.

Les éruptions eczématiformes chroniques du sujet âgé (EECSA) sont un motif fréquent de consultation. Les inhibiteurs calciques ont été mis en cause dans deux études, mais d’autres médicaments comme les diurétiques thiazidiques, les antiagrégants et les statines ont également été suspectés. L’objectif de l’étude a été de réévaluer l’imputabilité de certaines classes de médicaments dans la survenue d’une EECSA sans cause.

•Despite complex post-depositional context, the hillslopes of the Aegean, for example, can still be well dated by potassium feldspars using the IRSL (Infrared Stimulated Luminescence), as demonstrated by the luminescence dating carried out at Stelida (Naxos), Greece.•Single-grain pIRIR290results, obtained either with Average Dose Model (ADM) after selecting only high D0grains, or with BayLum, generally confirm and improve the initial results obtained with multi-grains (Carter et al., 2019).•Based on single-grain BayLum results, terminus ante quem(TAQ) dates for cultural lithics indicate that the site was first visited at least 233,000-217,000 years ago, during the Middle Pleistocene (Marine Isotope Stage 7).•Since Naxos was insular throughout the Pleistocene, Stelida represents the first indirect proof of navigation in the northern hemisphere.

ABSTRACTBacterial pathogens have a critical impact on aquaculture, a sector that accounts for half of the human fish consumption. Flavobacterium psychrophilum(phylum Bacteroidetes) is responsible for bacterial cold-water disease in salmonids worldwide. The molecular factors involved in host invasion, colonization and haemorrhagic septicaemia are mostly unknown. In this study, we identified two new TonB-dependent receptors, HfpR and BfpR, that are required for adaptation to iron conditions encountered during infection and for virulence in rainbow trout. Transcriptional analyses revealed that their expression is tightly controlled and upregulated under specific iron sources and concentrations. Characterization of deletion mutants showed that they act without redundancy: BfpR is required for optimal growth in the presence of high haemoglobin level, while HfpR confers the capacity to acquire nutrient iron from haem or haemoglobin under iron scarcity. The gene hfpY, co-transcribed with hfpR, encodes a protein related to the HmuY family. We demonstrated that HfpY binds haem and contributes significantly to host colonization and disease severity. Overall, these results are consistent with a model in which both BfpR and Hfp systems promote haem uptake and respond to distinct signals to adapt iron acquisition to the different stages of pathogenesis. Our findings give insight into the molecular basis of pathogenicity of a serious pathogen belonging to the understudied family Flavobacteriaceaeand point to the newly identified haem receptors as promising targets for antibacterial development.

Le pharmacien de PUI (pharmacie à usage intérieur) en charge des aspects pharmaceutiques des essais cliniques joue un rôle central dans la gestion et le bon usage des produits de santé expérimentaux (PSE), en application des bonnes pratiques cliniques et conformément au Code de la santé publique. Le groupe Essais Cliniques de la CPCHU (Commission des Pharmaciens de CHU) s’est fixé comme objectif d’élaborer un guide national de recommandations visant à décrire ces activités et l’implication du pharmacien quel que soit le type d’établissement de santé.

Delayed graft function (DGF) is a common complication after transplantation of deceased donor kidneys. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using computed tomography texture analysis (CT-TA) of the donor kidney to predict delayed graft function (DGF) following kidney transplantation from cadaveric donors.

In condensed matter, phase separation is strongly related to ferroelasticity, ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, electron correlation, and crystallography. These ferroics are important for nano-electronic devices such as non-volatile memory. However, the quantitative information regarding the lattice (atomic) structure at the border of phase separation is unclear in many cases. Thus, to design electronic devices at the molecular level, a quantitative electron–lattice relationship must be established. Herein, we elucidated a PdII–PdIV/PdIII–PdIIIphase transition and phase separation mechanism for [Pd(cptn)2Br]Br2(cptn = 1R,2R-diaminocyclopentane), propagated through a hydrogen-bonding network. Although the Pd···Pd distance was used to determine the electronic state, the differences in the Pd···Pd distance and the optical gap between Mott–Hubbard (MH) and charge-density-wave (CDW) states were only 0.012 Å and 0.17 eV, respectively. The N–H···Br···H–N hydrogen-bonding network functioned as a jack, adjusting the structural difference dynamically, and allowing visible ferroelastic phase transition/separation in a fluctuating N2gas flow. Additionally, the effect of the phase separation on the spin susceptibility and electrical conductivity were clarified to represent the quasi-epitaxial crystals among CDW–MH states. These results indicate that the phase transitions and separations could be controlled via atomic and molecular level modifications, such as the addition of hydrogen bonding.

L’étude génétique des formes familiales de pneumopathie interstitielle diffuse (PID) a permis de mettre en évidence dans approximativement 30 % des familles des variants pathogènes constitutionnels des gènes de la maintenance des télomères (TRG « Telomere Related Genes » : TERT, TERC, RTEL1, PARN, DKC1, TINF2, NAF1, NOP10,NHP2,ACD,ZCCHC8). Les patients symptomatiques sur le plan pulmonaire et porteurs de variants pathogènes mono-alléliques dans les TRG peuvent aussi présenter des atteintes extra-pulmonaires (immuno-hématologiques, hépatiques et/ou cutanéo-muqueuses) avec ou sans histoire de fibrose pulmonaire familiale. Des mutations dans les TRG peuvent être associées à une fibrose pulmonaire idiopathique (FPI), mais aussi à d’autres PID fibrosantes, inclassables ou secondaires, comme les formes associées aux connectivites ou les pneumopathies d’hypersensibilité (PHS). Chez un patient atteint de FPI, la présence d’une mutation dans un TRG pourrait être associée à un déclin plus rapide de la capacité vitale forcée (CVF), ainsi qu’à un moins bon pronostic après la transplantation pulmonaire, bien que les traitements usuels de PID puissent aussi être proposés. Enfin, les patients et leurs apparentés doivent limiter les expositions toxiques environnementales, et pouvoir bénéficier d’un conseil génétique et d’un test pré-symptomatique.

AbstractSpecial Operations Forces (SOF) are high readiness units that frequently deploy on short notice, leaving their families to cope at home. The objective of this study was to better understand the unique challenges of SOF spouses and the risk and protective factors that contribute to their resilience. The study employed a mixed-methods design, including an online survey (n = 159 spouses) and in-depth semi-structured interviews (n = 29 spouses). Results indicate that while the majority of surveyed SOF spouses had good mental health, they seem to have a higher prevalence of poor mental health than conventional force spouses. Combined survey and interview results indicate that SOF spouses report high levels of work-life conflict and experience challenges related to the demands of the SOF lifestyle. Living in a rural area was inversely related to good mental health, and qualitative findings suggest that this association may be due to career limitations. Social support, especially from the SOF community and their SOF partner, was identified as critical for spouses’ well-being. Participants also discussed having a military background, being independent, engaging in self-care, and using military family services and counseling as key to maintaining their well-being. Recommendations for support needs are discussed.

Actinide +IV complexes (AnIV= ThIV, UIV, NpIV, and PuIV) with two dipicolinic acid derivatives (DPA and Et-DPA) have been studied by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies and first-principles calculations. The Fermi contact and dipolar contributions to the actinide-induced shifts (AIS) are evaluated from a temperature dependence analysis, combined with ab initioresults. It allows an experimental estimation of the axial anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility Δχaxand of the hyperfine coupling constants of the NMR-active nuclei. Due to the compactness of the coordination sphere, the magnetic anisotropy of the paramagnetic center is small, and this makes the contact contribution to be the dominant one, even on the remote atoms. The sign of the hyperfine coupling constants and related spin densities is alternating on the nuclei of the ligand cycle, denoting a preponderant spin polarization mechanism. This is well reproduced by unrestricted density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Those values are furthermore slightly decreasing in the actinide series, which indicates a small decrease of the covalency from UIVto PuIV.

Although non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is recommended for immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure in the intensive care unit (ICU), it might have deleterious effects in the most severe patients. High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) alone might be an alternative method to reduce mortality. We aimed to determine whether HFNO alone could reduce the rate of mortality at day 28 compared with HFNO alternated with NIV.

Apicomplexan parasites rely on tubulin structures throughout their cell and life cycles, particularly in the polymerization of spindle microtubules to separate the replicated nucleus into daughter cells. Additionally, tubulin structures, including conoid and subpellicular microtubules, provide the necessary rigidity and structure for dissemination and host cell invasion. However, it is unclear whether these tubulin structures are nucleated via a highly conserved γ-tubulin complex or through a specific process unique to apicomplexans. This study demonstrates that Toxoplasmaγ-tubulin is responsible for nucleating spindle microtubules, akin to higher eukaryotes, facilitating nucleus division in newly formed parasites. Interestingly, γ-tubulin colocalizes with nascent conoid and subpellicular microtubules during division, potentially nucleating these structures as well. Loss of γ-tubulin results in significant morphological defects due to impaired nucleus scission and the loss of conoid and subpellicular microtubule nucleation, crucial for parasite shape and rigidity. Additionally, the nucleation process of tubulin structures involves a concerted action of γ-tubulin and Gamma Tubulin Complex proteins (GCPs), recapitulating the localization and phenotype of γ-tubulin. This study also introduces new molecular markers for cytoskeletal structures and applies iterative expansion microscopy to reveal microtubule-based architecture in Cryptosporidium parvumsporozoites, further demonstrating the conserved localization and probable function of γ-tubulin in Cryptosporidium.