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Objective: The metabolic reprogramming of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells is a compensatory adaptation to meet energy requirements for rapid proliferation. This study aimed to examine the synergistic effects of glutamine deprivation and metformin exposure on AML cells. Methods: SKM-1 cells (an AML cell line) were subjected to glutamine deprivation and/or treatment with metformin or bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) ethyl sulfide (BPTES, a glutaminase inhibitor) or cytarabine. Cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by flow cytometry. Western blotting was conducted to examine the levels of apoptotic proteins, including cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Moreover, the human long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) microarray was used to analyze gene expression after glutamine deprivation, and results were confirmed with quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of metallothionein 2A (MT2A) was suppressed using siRNA. Cell growth and apoptosis were further detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively, in cells with MT2A knockdown. Results: Glutamine deprivation or treatment with BPTES inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in SKM-1 cells. The lncRNA microarray result showed that the expression of MT family genes was significantly upregulated after glutamine deprivation. MT2A knockdown increased apoptosis, while proliferation was not affected in SKM-1 cells. In addition, metformin inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in SKM-1 cells. Both glutamine deprivation and metformin enhanced the sensitivity of SKM-1 cells to cytarabine. Furthermore, the combination of glutamine deprivation with metformin exhibited synergistic antileukemia effects on SKM-1 cells. Conclusion: Targeting glutamine metabolism in combination with metformin is a promising new therapeutic strategy for AML.

In this paper, the certain relation between threshold voltage and flat‐band voltage to improve the image sticking for AMOLED display was investigated. Flat band state generally refers to a state in which the energy bands of each region in an ideal MOSFET system are flattened. However, it is requiring an additional voltage to flatten the energy band for actual MOS systems due to the difference in metal and semiconductor work function, which is called the flat‐band voltage. It is investigated that this flat‐band voltage is strongly linked to the short‐term image sticking.

In this work, a series of hierarchical molecular sieve were synthesized via adjusting the ratio of Si/Al. Then, Ce and Ru were supported on the molecular sieve and the loading amount of Ru were optimized. Catalytic evaluation showed that 5Ce0.5Ru/HZ-3 with the value Si/Al ratio of 80 performed the best catalytic activity of chlorobenzene oxidation with T50and T90values of 238 ℃ and 278 ℃, respectively and no chlorobenzene conversion can be seen on the 5Ce/HZ-3 and HZ-3, indicating that Ru was the active sites on 5Ce0.5Ru/HZ-3 and Ce played a promoter role in chlorobenzene oxidation. Catalytic stability showed that 5Ce0.5Ru/HZ-3 can maintain the complete conversion of chlorobenzene oxidation at 300°C for 190 h and the CO2and HCl selectivity kept around 80% and 27%, respectively, while 5Ce0.5Ru performed worse catalytic stability and no HCl was detected. Subsequently, characterization results implied that HZ-3 with the Si/Al ratio of 80 had the biggest mesoporous volume of 0.5193 cm3·g−1on the basis of micropore volume around 0.1236 cm3·g−1, which was beneficial to the diffusion of reactant molecule; Raman spectra implied that there is a strong interaction between Ce and Ru. H2-TPR and O2-TPD showed that 5Ce0.5Ru/HZ-3 possessed the biggest consumption of hydrogen (0.486 mmol·g−1), surface adsorbed oxygen (0.683 mmol·g−1) and surface lattice oxygen (0.626 mmol·g−1), which was conducive to the adsorption and dissociation of reactant molecule; XPS showed 5Ce0.5Ru/HZ-3 had the biggest molar percentage of Ru4+species (79.50%) and Ce3+species (44.14%), which can induce the generation of much more oxygen vacancies. Overall, the introduction of Ce can result in the improvement of physical-chemical properties of 5Ce0.5Ru/HZ-3. Finally, the possible reaction route was given based on the in-situ DRIFTS and TD/GC-MS result.

ABSTRACTThis investigation examined the potential of ginsenoside Rg3 in addressing traumatic brain injury (TBI). A TBI mouse model underwent treatment with ginsenoside Rg3 and nicotinamide (NAM). Neurological and motor functions were assessed using modified neurological severity score and rotarod tests. Brain water content in mice was detected. Primary mouse microglia were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ginsenoside Rg3, and NAM. Nissl and immunofluorescence staining were utilized to investigate hippocampal damage, and localization of P65, Iba1 and INOS in microglia. Hippocampal neurons were grown in a culture medium derived from microglia. CCK-8 and TUNEL assays were employed to evaluate the viability and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. Proinflammatory factors and proteins were tested using ELISA, western blot and immunofluorescence staining. As a result, ginsenoside Rg3 enhanced neurological and motor functions in mice post-TBI, reduced brain water content, alleviated hippocampal neuronal neuroinflammation and damage, activated SIRT1, and deactivated the NF-kB pathway. In LPS-stimulated microglia, ginsenoside Rg3 diminished inflammation, activated SIRT1, deactivated the NF-kB pathway, and facilitated nuclear localization of P65 and co-localization of Iba1 and INOS. The effects of ginsenoside Rg3 were countered by NAM in both TBI mice and LPS-stimulated microglia. Hippocampal neurons cultured in a medium containing LPS, ginsenoside Rg3, and NAM-treated microglia showed improved viability and reduced apoptosis compared to those cultured in a medium with LPS and ginsenoside Rg3-treated microglia alone. Ginsenoside Rg3 was effective in reducing neuroinflammation and damage in hippocampal neurons following TBI by modulating the SIRT1/NF-kB pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for TBI.

Background: In 2022, icaritin a Traditional Chinese Medicine with estrogen-like activities was recommended by the CSCO guidelines as a systematic treatment for patients with advanced HCC due to its clinical safety and efficacy. However the mechanism and targets of icaritin are unclear. In this study we aimed to reveal the target of icaritin in HCC.Methods: First literature related to icaritin was downloaded from the Web of Science. The software programs "Rstudio" "VOSviewer" and "Mendeley Desktop" were used to analyze the distribution of icaritin publications and research hotspots. Meanwhile icaritin-related genes were obtained by combining them with the PubChem database. Second transcriptome data of HCC patients were obtained from the TCGA database. The proteinprotein interaction (PPI) analysis of icaritin-related genes was performed using the String data platform and the visualization and network topology analysis were performed using Cytoscape. Cox regression analyses were combined to screen the hub target and verified it through cell experiments.Results: A total of 239 icaritin-related articles were obtained HCC is a new hotspot in the icaritin field. 292 icaritin-related genes were obtained and a core module containing 34 genes was obtained by module division. Among them ESR1 was an independent prognostic factor. Molecular docking showed that ESR1 and icaritin had a high affinity. Functional studies revealed that ESR1 inhibits HCC cell malignant proliferation and improves the sensitivity of HCC cells to icaritin.Conclusion: We propose that ESR1 as a target of icaritin may be conducive to improving icaritin therapy.

The industrial visual sensing-actuation system is an implementation approach to construct the loop between the digital twin and physical systems, which is facing the following challenges. First, the cross-digital-physical information exchanges bring a high end-to-end delay that threatens the functional safety of industrial systems. Second, industrial scenarios are diverse, such as manufacturing, chemical engineering, etc., which makes the intelligent sensing strategies for one scenario inapplicable to others, especially for few-shot cases. Third, intelligent actuation strategies cannot allocate resources across digital and physical domains. We propose the delay-minimization-based intelligent digital twin approach to address the above challenges. The digital twin framework incorporates samples from the physical domain to train the learning models in the digital domain. The proposed scheme tailors and adapts transferable and reinforced learning models with end-to-end delay analysis to optimize the training process. The feasibility and efficiency of the scheme are validated by simulations.

The traditional hydrolysis–cooling–adsorption process for coke oven gas (COG) desulfurization urgently needs to be improved because of its complex nature and high energy consumption. One promising alternative for replacing the last two steps is selective catalytic oxidation. However, most catalysts used in selective catalytic oxidation require a high temperature to achieve effective desulfurization. Herein, a robust 30Fe-MCM41 catalyst is developed for direct desulfurization at medium temperatures after hydrolysis. This catalyst exhibits excellent stability for over 300 h and a high breakthrough sulfur capacity (2327.6 mgS gcat–1). Introducing Ag into the 30Fe-MCM41 (30Fe5Ag-MCM41) catalyst further enhances the H2S removal efficiency and sulfur selectivity at 120 °C. Its outstanding performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Fe–Ag clusters. During H2S selective oxidation, Fe serves as the active site for H2S adsorption and dissociation, while Ag functions as the catalyst promoter, increasing Fe dispersion, reducing the oxidation capacity of the catalyst, improving the desorption capacity of sulfur, and facilitating the reaction between active oxygen species and [HS]. This process provides a potential route for enhancing COG desulfurization.

Neutron-induced gamma-ray imaging is a spectroscopic technique that uses characteristic gamma rays to infer the elemental distribution of an object. Currently, this technique requires the use of large facilities to supply a high neutron flux and a time-consuming detection procedure involving direct collimating measurements. In this study, a new method based on low neutron flux was proposed. A single-pixel gamma-ray detector combined with random pattern gamma-ray masks was used to measure the characteristic gamma rays emitted from the sample. Images of the elemental distribution in the sample, comprising 30×30pixels, were reconstructed using the maximum-likelihood expectation–maximization algorithm. The results demonstrate that the elemental imaging of the sample can be accurately determined using this method. The proposed approach, which eliminates the need for high neutron flux and scanning measurements, can be used for in-field imaging applications.

Wind farms generally consist of a single turbine installed with the same hub height. As the scale of turbines increases, wake interference between turbines becomes increasingly significant, especially for floating wind turbines (FWT). Some researchers find that wind farms with multiple hub heights could increase the annual energy production (AEP), while previous studies also indicate that wake meandering could increase fatigue loading. This study investigates the wake interaction within a hybrid floating wind farm with multiple hub heights. In this study, FAST.Farm is employed to simulate a hybrid wind farm which consists of four semi-submersible FWTs (5MW and 15MW) with two different hub heights. Three typical wind speeds (below-rated, rated, and over-rated) are considered in this paper to investigate the wake meandering effects on the dynamics of two FWTs. Damage equivalent loads (DEL) of the turbine critical components are computed and analyzed for several arrangements determined by the different spacing of the four turbines. The result shows that the dynamic wake meandering significantly affects downstream turbines’ global loadings and load effects. Differences in DEL show that blade-root flapwise bending moments and mooring fairlead tensions are sensitive to the spacing of the turbines.

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The solubility of gestodene in 11 different monosolvents (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, 1-butanol, isopropanol, isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, butanone, acetonitrile, and water) and a binary solvent of methanol + water was determined at different temperatures ranging from 283.15 to 323.15 K by the shake flask method. The solubility of gestodene in the selected pure solvents and methanol + water binary systems rose with the augmented temperatures. The maximum solubility value of gestodene was recorded in isopropyl acetate and the minimum in water. The modified Apelblat, Van’t Hoff, λh, NRTL, UNIQUAC, and Wilson equations described the solubility data in pure solvents. In addition, the modified Apelblat, Van’t Hoff, λh, Jouyban–Van’t, and Jouyban–Apelblat equations were employed to describe the solubility data in binary solvents. It could be concluded that the Apelblat model provided the best fitting result among the 11 pure and mixed solvents. The research can also provide a theoretical basis for industrial crystallization production.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) T/NK-cell lymphoproliferative diseases are characterized by clonal expansion of EBV-infected T or NK cells, including chronic active EBV infection of T/NK-cell type (CAEBV+T/NK), EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV+HLH), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of nasal type (ENKTL), and aggressive NK-cell leukemia (ANKL). However, the role of inherited genetic variants to EBV+T/NK-LPDs susceptibility is still unknown. A total of 171 nonimmunosuppressed patients with EBV+T/NK-LPDs and 104 healthy donors were retrospectively collected and a targeted sequencing study covering 15 genes associated with lymphocyte cytotoxicity was performed. The 94 gene variants, mostly located in UNC13D, LYST, ITK, and PRF1genes were detected, and mutations covered 28/50 (56.00%) of CAEBV-T/NK, 31/51 (60.78%) of EBV+HLH, 13/28 (46.42%) of ENKTL, and 13/48 (27.09%) of ANKL. Most mutations represented monoallelic and missense. Three-year overall survival rate of patients with CAEBV-T/NK and EBV+HLH was significantly lower in patients with germline mutations than in those without germline mutations (P=0.0284, P=0.0137). Our study provided novel insights into understanding a spectrum of nonimmunosuppressed EBV+T/NK-LPDs with respect to genetic defects associated with lymphocyte cytotoxicity and reminded us that the gene sequencing may be an auxiliary test for diagnosis and risk stratification of EBV+T/NK-LPDs.

In this work, cathode materials of spent lithium-ion ternary batteries are recovered and used as metal precursor to prepare multi-metal oxides MnOx(SY) and GdMnO3(SY) viacombustion method and sol–gel method, respectively. Furthermore, a series of MnOx(SY)-n and GdMnO3(SY)-n(n = 0.05, 0.10, 1.00, 4.00, nrepresents the dilute HNO3concentration) catalysts are fabricated by acid treatment of MnOx(SY) and GdMnO3(SY) samples and catalytic activities of oxygenated VOCs oxidation over all the prepared catalysts are investigated. Catalytic evaluation results show that acid-treated MnOx(SY)-0.10 and GdMnO3(SY)-0.05 samples perform the optimum VOCs removal efficiency respectively, which may be attributed to their obvious enhancement of physicochemical properties. In detail, MnOx(SY)-0.10 and GdMnO3(SY)-0.05 samples exhibit the larger specific surface area, bigger amount of surface high-valence metal ions (Mn4+, Co3+, Ni3+), more abundant adsorbed oxygen species and better low-temperature reducibility, which can play a crucial role in the significant improvement of VOCs oxidation. In situDRIFTS results imply that the possible main intermediates are -OCO, -COO and -C-O species produced during VOCs oxidation. Possible by-products are further determined viaTD/GC–MS analysis.

The NOESIS II challenge, as the Track 2 in the Eighth Dialogue System Technology Challenge (DSTC 8), is the extension of Track 1 in DSTC 7. Three new elements are incorporated into the extended track, i.e., dialogue with multiple participants, dialogue success, and dialogue disentanglement. These are vital for the creation of a deployed task-oriented dialogue system. This track is divided into four subtasks, the first two of which are evaluated in the form of response selection and the last two focus on dialogue analysis. This paper describes our methods developed for these four subtasks, which all employ deep contextualized utterance representations to make models aware of contextual information and to keep the intrinsic property of multi-turn dialogue systems. In the released evaluation results of Track 2 in DSTC 8, our proposed methods ranked fourth in subtask 1, third in subtask 2, and first in subtask 3 and subtask 4 respectively. In addition to the challenge tasks, we also compare our proposed methods with previous ones on public benchmark datasets. Experimental results show that our proposed methods outperform existing ones by large margins and achieve new state-of-the-art performances on multi-turn response selection and dialogue disentanglement.

ABSTRACTGlioma is a common intracranial tumor originated from neuroglia cell. Chrysophanol is an anthraquinone derivative proved to exert anticancer effects in various cancers. This paper investigated the effect and mechanism of chrysophanol in glioma. Glioma cell lines U251 and SHG-44 were adopted in the experiments. The cells were treated with chrysophanol at different concentrations (0, 10, 20 50, 100 and 200 μM) for 48 h in the study, and then processed with MitoTempo. Mitochondria and cytosol were isolated to investigate the role of mitochondria during chrysophanol functioning on glioma cells. Cell viability was detected through 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-Thiazolyl)-2,5-Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay, and cell apoptosis, cell cycle as well as relative reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by flow cytometry. Expressions of Cytosol Cyt C, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E were evaluated by western blot. In U251 and SHG-44 cells, with chrysophanol concentration rising, cell viability, expressions of Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E were decreased while cell apoptosis, levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and Cytosol Cyt C as well as ROS accumulation were increased with cell cycle arrested in G1 phase. Besides, chrysophanol promoted ROS accumulation, cell apoptosis and transfer of Cyt C from mitochondria to cytosol in cells while MitoTempo partly reversed the effect of chrysophanol. Chrysophanol promoted cell apoptosis via activating mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in glioma.

Low stature in wheat is closely associated with lodging resistance, and this impacts harvest index and grain yield. The discovery of novel dwarfing or semi-dwarfing genes can have great significance for dwarf wheat breeding. In this study, we identified an EMS-induced dwarf wheat mutant JE0124from the elite cultivar Jing411. JE0124possesses increased stem strength and a 33% reduction in plant height compared with wild type. Gibberellic acid (GA) treatment analysis suggested that JE0124was GA-sensitive. Analysis of the frequency distribution of plant height in four F2populations derived from crosses between JE0124and the relatively taller varieties Nongda 5181 and WT indicated that the dwarfism phenotype was quantitatively inherited. We used two F2populations and 312 individuals from the reciprocal cross of Nongda 5181 and JE0124to map the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for reduced height to a 0.85-cM interval on chromosome 2DL. The mapping was done by using a combination of 660K SNP array-based bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and genetic linkage analysis, with logarithm of odds (LOD) scores of 5.34 and 5.78, respectively. Additionally, this QTL accounted for 8.27–8.52% of the variation in the phenotype. The dwarf mutant JE0124and the newly discovered dwarfing gene on chromosome 2DL in this study will enrich genetic resources for dwarf wheat breeding.

ABSTRACTNumerous researches show that MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence and drug resistance of malignant tumors, including laryngocarcinoma. miR-552 works as an oncogene in both colorectal cancer and liver cancer. However, the potential role of miR-552 in laryngocarcinoma is unknown. Herein, we for first found that miR-552 expression was upregulated in laryngocarcinoma tissues compared with their normal controls. Moreover, miR-552 expression was also increasing in the laryngocarcinoma cells. miR-552 interference inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of laryngocarcinoma cells in vitroand in vivo. Mechanically, bioinformatics and luciferase reporter analysis identified p53 as a direct target of miR-552. miR-552 knockdown upregulated the p53 mRNA and protein expression in laryngocarcinoma cells. miR-552 expression was negatively associated with p53 expression in laryngocarcinoma tissues. More importantly, the p53 siRNA or p53 overexpression virus abrogated the discrepancy of growth and metastasis capacity between miR-552 interference laryngocarcinoma cells and control cells.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy is a new strategy for the treatment of refractory B-cell malignancies; therefore, the rapid and accurate quantification of CAR transgene copy number is essential. Real-time PCR was used for quantifying the copy number of chimeric antigen receptor transgene. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is an absolute quantification method that does not require a standard curve. In this study, key performance parameters of the ddPCR and real-time PCR methods were assessed, including linearity, detection range, the lower limit of detection, repeatability, reproducibility, and accuracy, using a series of gradient diluted standards and clinical peripheral blood samples from CAR T-cell patients. The two platforms showed a good correlation for the standards (Pearson R2 = 0.9966; P < 0.0001) and clinical samples (Pearson R2 = 0.8952; P < 0.0001), and both showed good linearity (R2 = 0.9996 for ddPCR; R2 = 0.9984 for real-time PCR) over the detection range. Compared with real-time PCR, ddPCR showed lower intra-assay and interassay CVs for the series of diluted standards, which indicated ddPCR has better repeatability and reproducibility. The limit of detection of ddPCR was lower compared with that of real-time PCR. The combined results suggest that ddPCR is a more promising tool for the detection and quantification of the chimeric antigen receptor transgene copy number.

Delayed or missed doses are unavoidable in clinical practice and remain as a challenge that threatens a patient’s health and quality-of-life, especially in the pharmacotherapy of chronic disease treatment. Unfortunately, information or guidance concerning the management of delayed or missed doses is scarce, precluding clinicians or clinical pharmacologists from instructing patients in a precision dosing manner. It is therefore urgent to develop remedial strategies to inform patients of alternative dosing regimens in compensation for the loss of efficacy due to delayed or missed doses and minimize unintended clinical consequences. Studies aiming to establish remedial regimens have been conducted since the 1980s for oral contraceptives and antihypertensive agents, using the controlled substitution of placebos for active medications. However, it appeared to be unethical in many areas of pharmacotherapy due to deliberately discontinuing or restarting the medication. Alternatively, pharmacometric modeling and simulation offers an opportunity to investigate the effect of various non-adherence scenarios on pharmacokinetic profiles and establish the optimum remedial dosing regimen in a time-effective and systematical way. This review provides a general overview of procedures and strategies on how to develop remedial dosing regimens based on pharmacometric approaches through the scrutiny of case examples in the literature.

Background:In the management of inflammatory bowel disease, the emergence of drug resistance to monoclonal antibodies has come out as a significant impediment to achieving desired therapeutic outcomes. However, extensive evidence has substantiated that the induction of autophagy holds promise in counteracting the development of drug resistance. In this regard, the utilization of traditional Chinese medicine presents a potential avenue for alleviate drug resistance, specifically through Peilan and Fuling. Consequently, the objective of this study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of p-Cymene and pachymic acid on the autophagy signaling pathway, with the ultimate goal of reducing inflammatory response and alleviating drug resistance. Methods:The RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line was subjected to induction using varying concentration gradients of adalimumab in order to establish an adalimumab-resistant cell line. The cell growth curve and viability were assessed using the CCK-8 assay. The expression of cytokines was determined through the implementation of ELISA. The autophagy signaling pathway was evaluated using Western blot analysis. Results:p-Cymene and pachymic acid were found to exert an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of the adalimumab-resistant cell line. Additionally, treatment with p-Cymene and pachymic acid resulted in a decrease in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, namely TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, while concurrently increasing the level of IL-10. p-Cymene and pachymic acid demonstrated the capacity to suppress the expression of autophagy-related proteins and mRNA including PI3K, AKT, and mTOR. Conclusions:p-Cymene and pachymic acid exhibit the potential to alleviate adalimumab-resistance and ameliorate the inflammatory response, primarily through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggest that traditional Chinese medicine holds promise as a viable treatment option for mitigating monoclonal antibody resistance in inflammatory bowel disease.

C12H12O4, monoclinic, P21/c(no. 14), a= 16.071(6) Å, b= 9.424(4) Å, c= 7.640(3) Å, β= 101.861(5)°, V= 1132.4(8) Å3, Z= 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0366, wRref(F2) = 0.1043, T= 296(2) K.

A hydrofluoric acid (HFA) burn is a severe condition with the characteristics of acute onset, rapid progression, and high complication and mortality rates. Emergency and systemic treatments are especially important for major HFA burns. The author presents the case of a 46-year-old man burned by the spillage of HFA at a high concentration (45-50%). He suffered burns over 30% of his total body area (5% deep partial-thickness burns and 25% third-degree burns). Debridement, tangential excision, and electrolyte therapy were quickly performed for urgent treatment. Symptomatic treatment was sustained to address severe complications and recurrent injury. For successful management, the patient was stabilized, and he exhibited complete wound repair after 3 months. The author summarizes severe cases of HFA burns to emphasize the difficulty of treatment. The existing approved therapies and complications are discussed, and the significance of electrolyte disorders, especially hypocalcemia, is highlighted. The pathophysiology of HFA burns and recommendations for the treatment of HFA burns at different sites are presented to provide a relatively complete treatment guideline focused on electrolyte disorders.

This article proposes an utterance-to-utterance interactive matching network (U2U-IMN) for multi-turn response selection in retrieval-based chatbots. Different from previous methods following context-to-response matching or utterance-to-response matching frameworks, this model treats both contexts and responses as sequences of utterances when calculating the matching degrees between them. For a context-response pair, the U2U-IMN model first encodes each utterance separately using recurrent and self-attention layers. Then, a global and bidirectional interaction between the context and the response is conducted using the attention mechanism to collect the matching information between them. The distances between context and response utterances are employed as a prior component when calculating the attention weights. Finally, sentence-level aggregation and context-response-level aggregation are executed in turn to obtain the feature vector for matching degree prediction. Experiments on four public datasets showed that our proposed method outperformed baseline methods on all metrics, achieving a new state-of-the-art performance and demonstrating compatibility across domains for multi-turn response selection.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an immune-mediated syndrome resulting in cytokine storm. The uncontrolled cytokine storm leads to significant tissue damage and potentially life-threatening multiorgan failure. Conventional first-line treatment for HLH included HLH-94 protocol or HLH-2004 protocol. However, up to 30% of patients do not respond to first-line therapy. We reported 3 cases of secondary HLH/macrophage activation syndrome which were caused by lymphoma (2 cases) and adult-onset still's disease. They received low dose ruxolitinib plus HLH-94 protocol, and had rapid response to treatment without obvious adverse effects. Following the treatment, there was improvement seen in several disease markers, including fever, fibrinogen, serum ferritin, and liver function tests. Our report indicated that treatment with low dose ruxolitinib plus HLH-94 protocol might be a potential choice for secondary HLH, and clinical trials warrants to be further investigated in this treatment regimen.

The detection of hypochlorite (ClO–) content in tap water is extremely important because excess amounts of hypochlorite can convert into highly toxic species and inadequate amounts of hypochlorite cannot fully kill bacteria and viruses. Although several metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been successfully employed as fluorescent sensors for hypochlorite detection, all these sensors are based on single emission that responds to the dose of hypochlorite. Ratiometric sensors are highly desirable, which can improve the sensitivity, accuracy, and reliability via self-calibration. Herein, a nanoscale dual-emission multivariate 5-5-Eu/BPyDC@MOF-253-NH2was synthesized by sequential mixed-ligand self-assembly and postsynthesis method. Among the two emission bands of 5-5-Eu/BPyDC@MOF-253-NH2, the strong blue emitting derived from ligands is sensitive to hypochlorite, while the red emitting derived from Eu(III) almost keeps invariable. Therefore, 5-5-Eu/BPyDC@MOF-253-NH2was exploited as a fluorescent ratiometric nanosensor for “on–off” sensing of hypochlorite. Notably, the proposed sensing system showed an excellent performance including fast response (within 15 s), relative high specificity, wide linear range (0.1–30 μM), and low detection limit (0.094 μM). Besides, the suppressed blue emitting was recovered after the addition of ascorbic acid (AA) that consumes ClO–via the redox reaction. Therefore, 5-5-Eu/BPyDC@MOF-253-NH2was further employed as a fluorescent ratiometric nanosensor for the “on–off–on” sensing of AA. This work represents the first MOF-based fluorescent “switch” for the ratiometric sensing of hypochlorite and the second for ratiometric sensing of AA.

C12H20ClN3O, monoclinic, C2/c(no. 15), a= 27.228(5) Å, b= 11.380(2) Å, c= 9.3775(16) Å, β= 95.733(2)°, V= 2891.1(9) Å3, Z= 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0372, wRref(F2) = 0.1058, T = 296(2) K.

C18H16O8, monoclinic, P21/c(no. 14), a= 5.3210(8) Å, b= 5.1825(8) Å, c= 29.598(5) Å, β= 93.875(2)°, V= 814.3(2) Å3, Z= 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0340, wRref(F2) = 0.1011, T= 296(2) K.

In this paper, 6013 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 2.5mm was overlap welded by fiber laser. The microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture morphology of the joint was tested and observed by Optical Microscope, material testing machines and Scanning Electron Microscope, thus the failure and fracture mechanism of the welded joint are analyzed. The results showed that good shape of weld was achieved under the optimal welding parameters. Equiaxial as-cast microstructures exist in the welding center and the columnar grains are formed near the fusion line in the WZ. The hardness of weld zone is the lowest in the joint, which is about 72 HV, about 57% of that of BM. The tensile shear strength of the joint is 96Mpa, about 25% of tensile strength of BM. The fracture is happened in WZ and the brittle fracture mode is dominated with shear dimples and shear planes.

4043 aluminum alloy was printed by cold metal transfer (CMT) additive manufacturing (AM) technology. The microstructure and mechanical properties were analyzed. The effect of ratcheting behavior was analyzed by the tensile test after ratcheting. The results indicate that the dendrite structure of 4043 aluminum alloy has obvious directivity. The binary eutectic structure of α (Al) + Si is mainly distributed at the grain boundaries and the interior of grain is mainly α (Al). The increase of stress amplitude and mean stress leads to ratcheting strain, which can cause plastic damage of AM aluminum alloy. This is related to holes aggregation and dislocation slip caused by ratcheting behavior. Compared to the aluminum alloy of un-ratcheted test, the tensile and yield strength increased and the elongation decreased, but the change of tensile and yield strength are not obvious between the s specimens of different ratcheting.

Reaction of Cd(NO3)2·4H2O with 5-fluoro-1,3-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]benzene (5-F-1,3-bpeb) and 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (1,3-H2BDC) under the solvothermal conditions gave rise to a two-dimensional metal–organic framework (MOF) [{Cd2(5-F-1,3-bpeb)2(1,3-BDC)2}·0.5DMF·2H2O]n(1). Compound 1was postmodified by a photodimerization reaction between 5-F-1,3-bpeb ligands to yield [{Cd2(syn-dftpmcp)(1,3-BDC)2}·0.5DMF·H2O]n(syn-dftpmcp = syn-3,4,12,13-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)-8,17-bisfluoro-1,2,9,10-diethano[2.2]metacyclophane) (2). Compounds 1and 2have 2D networks built from linking one-dimensional [Cd2(1,3-BDC)2]nchains via 5-F-1,3-bpeb or syn-dftpmcp bridges. After such a post-synthetic modification, compound 2, relative to 1, can probe Al3+by using a luminescent quenching approach with much higher selectivity and sensitivity.

All-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as a new generation of low-cost semiconducting luminescent system for optoelectronic applications. The room-temperature photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of these NCs in the green and red spectral range approach unity. However, their PLQYs in the violet are much lower, and an insightful understanding of such poor performance remains missing. We report a general strategy for the synthesis of all-inorganic violet-emitting perovskite NCs with near-unity PLQYs through engineering local order of the lattice by nickel ion doping. A broad range of experimental characterizations, including steady-state and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectra, and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, reveal that the low PLQY in undoped NCs is associated with short-range disorder of the lattice induced by intrinsic defects such as halide vacancies and that Ni doping can substantially eliminate these defects and result in increased short-range order of the lattice. Density functional theory calculations reveal that Ni doping of perovskites causes an increase of defect formation energy and does not introduce deep trap states in the band gap, which is suggested to be the main reason for the improved local structural order and near-unity PLQY. Our ability to obtain violet-emitting perovskite NCs with near-perfect properties opens the door for a range of applications in violet-emitting perovskite-based devices such as light-emitting diodes, single-photon sources, lasers, and beyond.

Objectives: The induction direction of interferon (IFN)-α in T-cell phenotype and function varies depending on the activation state of the cell and the time of stimulation. To assess the effects of elevated IFN-α on regulatory T cells (Tregs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, we investigated the differentiation of Th1-like Tregs under in-sequence and out-of-sequence conditions and the reversal effect of activating TIGIT on immune suppression. Methods: Phenotypes and activation levels of Tregs from SLE patients and healthy controls were analyzed using flow cytometry. In vitro culture conditions based on the sequence of TCR activation and IFN-α stimulation simulated in-sequence or out-of-sequence effects. CD4+T cells and Tregs were cultured under the above conditions with or without TIGIT agonist. Expression of related characteristic markers and phosphorylation levels of AKT, mTOR, and STATs were detected using flow cytometry and ELISA. Results: The frequency of Th1-like Tregs and activation levels of Tregs increased, but TIGIT expression in Tregs decreased in SLE patients. IFN-α promoted the conversation of Tregs to Th1-like Tregs while reducing immunosuppressive function under in-sequence conditions. The STAT4 pathway, but not the STAT1 pathway, was crucial for the IFN-α-mediated in-sequence effects. Reactivation of TIGIT reversed Th1 polarization of Tregs by suppressing AKT/mTOR and STAT4 signaling. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that IFN-α mediated in-sequence effects on Tregs may be responsible for the expansion of Th1-like Tregs in SLE. TIGIT can restore immune suppression damage in Tregs and represents a potential therapeutic target for SLE.

A numerical simulation and an experimental study on vortex-induced motion (VIM) of a new type of deep draft multi-columns floating drilling production, storage and offloading (FDPSO) are presented in this paper. The main dimension, the special variable cross-section column and the cabin arrangement of the octagonal pontoon are introduced based on the result. The numerical simulation is adapted to study the effects of current incidence angles and reduced velocities on this platform’s sway motion response. The 300 m water depth equivalent truncated mooring system is adopted for the model tests. The model tests are carried out to check the reliability of numerical simulation. The results consist of surge, sway and yaw motions, as well as motion trajectories. The maximum sway amplitudes for different types of offshore platform is also studied. The main results show that the peak frequencies of sway motion under different current incidence angles and reduced velocities vary around the natural frequency. The analysis result of flow field indicates that the change of distribution of vortex in vertical presents significant influences on the VIM of platform. The trend of sway amplitude ratio curve of this new type FDPSO differs from the other types of platform. Under 45° current incidence angle, the sway amplitude of this new type of FDPSO is much smaller than those of other types of offshore platform at 4.4 ≤ Vr≤ 8.9. The typical ‘8’ shape trajectory does not appear in the platform’s motion trajectories.

ABSTRACTChronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a heterogeneous neoplastic hematologic disorder with worse overall survival. Half of CMML have mutations, but case with concomitant mutations of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and Internal tandem duplications of the juxtamembrane domain of FLT3 (FLT3-ITD) in CMML was not reported before. We reported a 51-year-old man who had CMML with concomitant mutations in DNMT3A and FLT3-ITD.The patient received decitabine and sorafenib combined treatment. In this report, we reviewed DNMT3A mutation and FLT3 mutation, and we reviewed treatment of decitabine and sorafenib. This report is significant. First: This is the first report on CMML with double-mutations of DNMT3A and FLT3-ITD. Second: It shows the importance of targeted drug in combined treatment of CMML.

Volume reconstruction method plays an important role in improving reconstructed volumetric image quality for freehand three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging. By utilizing the capability of programmable graphics processing unit (GPU), we can achieve a real-time incremental volume reconstruction at a speed of 25-50 frames per second (fps). After incremental reconstruction and visualization, hole-filling is performed on GPU to fill remaining empty voxels. However, traditional pixel nearest neighbor–based hole-filling fails to reconstruct volume with high image quality. On the contrary, the kernel regression provides an accurate volume reconstruction method for 3D ultrasound imaging but with the cost of heavy computational complexity. In this paper, a GPU-based fast kernel regression method is proposed for high-quality volume after the incremental reconstruction of freehand ultrasound. The experimental results show that improved image quality for speckle reduction and details preservation can be obtained with the parameter setting of kernel window size of 5×5×5and kernel bandwidth of 1.0. The computational performance of the proposed GPU-based method can be over 200 times faster than that on central processing unit (CPU), and the volume with size of 50 million voxels in our experiment can be reconstructed within 10 seconds.

Ultrasound is one of the most important medical imaging modalities for its real-time and portable imaging advantages. However, the contrast resolution and important details are degraded by the speckle in ultrasound images. Many speckle filtering methods have been developed, but they are suffered from several limitations, difficult to reach a balance between speckle reduction and edge preservation. In this paper, an adaptation of the nonlocal total variation (NLTV) filter is proposed for speckle reduction in ultrasound images. The speckle is modeled via a signal-dependent noise distribution for the log-compressed ultrasound images. Instead of the Euclidian distance, the statistical Pearson distance is introduced in this study for the similarity calculation between image patches via the Bayesian framework. And the Split-Bregman fast algorithm is used to solve the adapted NLTV despeckling functional. Experimental results on synthetic and clinical ultrasound images and comparisons with some classical and recent algorithms are used to demonstrate its improvements in both speckle noise reduction and tissue boundary preservation for ultrasound images.

A novel approach to the abatement of pollutants consisting of their conversion to separable solid polymers is explored by a heat/persulfate (PDS) process for the treatment of high-temperature wastewaters. During this process, a simultaneous decontamination and carbon recovery can be achieved with minimal use of PDS, which is significantly different from conventional degradation processes. The feasibility of this process is demonstrated by eight kinds of typical organic pollutants and by a real coking wastewater. For the treatment of the selected pollutants, 30.2–91.9% DOC abatement was achieved with 24.8–91.2% carbon recovery; meanwhile, only 5.2–47.0% of PDS was consumed compared to a conventional degradation process. For the treatment of a real coking wastewater, 71.0% DOC abatement was achieved with 66.0% carbon recovery. With phenol as a representative compound, our polymerization-based heat/PDS process is applicable in a wide pH range (3.5–9.0) with a carbon recovery of >87%. Both SO4•–and HO•can be initiators for polymerization, with different contribution ratios under various conditions. Phenol monomers are semioxidized to form phenolic radicals, which are polymerized via chain transfer or chain growth processes to form separable solid phenol polymers, benzenediol polymers, and cross-linked polymers.

Montmorillonite (MMT) is known as an ion-exchangeable material, and cations between MMT nanosheets are easily exchanged by other cations. In this work, Ca2+, Fe3+, and Al3+intercalated two-dimensional MMT membranes were developed by ion exchange of pristine MMT membranes (Na+-MMT), and their ion and dye removal abilities were investigated. The d-spacings of hydrated Fe3+intercalated MMT membrane (Fe3+-MMT) and Al3+intercalated MMT membrane (Al3+-MMT) were decreased compared with hydrated Na+-MMT membrane due to the stronger electrostatic attraction between Fe3+/Al3+and negatively charged MMT nanosheets. Ion and dye sieving performances were improved significantly after the intercalation of Ca2+, Fe3+, and Al3+into MMT membranes. Al3+-MMT membrane with a thickness of 1.17 μm could exclude 94% of Na+, and its ion sieving performance remained stable during a 120-h ion sieving experiment. Moreover, the rejection rate for rhodamine B (RB) reached 94% using an Al3+-MMT membrane with a thickness of 500 nm, and a water permeance of 73 L m–2h–1bar–1was achieved. The excellent ion and dye sieving performances make it promising in the application of desalination and nanofiltration.

The electrical resistivity of three kinds of Zr-based bulk amorphous alloys as a function of continuous increasing temperature was measured by the direct current four-probe method. Combining with Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the correlation between the electrical resistivity and structural evolution of these amorphous alloys has been demonstrated. The experimental results showed that three amorphous alloys all had a small negative temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR&lt;-10-4 K-1) before crystallization. Little change of the electrical resistivity related with the glass transition process was observed, while the electrical resistivity decreased sharply once the crystallization occurred. The onset of crystallization determined by the electrical resistivity measurement was far lower than that by DSC. The different stages of crystallization behavior could be evidently identified by the change of the electrical resistivity.

The pressure drop over a packed bed with sintered ore particles was studied experimentally. The sintered ore particles were characterized to determine their equivalent particle diameter, bed voidage, and sphericity. The pressure drop experiments were performed on unsorted and sieved particles with various size distributions for a superficial velocity up to 2.4 m/s, covering flow regimes from laminar to turbulent. It was shown that the Ergun equation underestimates the pressure drop for such highly irregular-shaped particles by about 40%. The measured modified friction factor was well correlated to a scaled Ergun equation, which was verified to be valid for the modified particle Reynolds number up to 12 000 toward design and optimization of vertically arranged sinter coolers for waste heat recovery.

Inconel 718 has been widely used in aerospace, petroleum and nuclear industry because of its excellent mechanical properties such as high fatigue strength, good corrosion resistance and strong creep resistance. However, these properties in turn are leading to high cutting force and heavy tool damage in the turning process. Against these problems, the ultrasonic assisted machining was a potential technique since the presence of ultrasonic vibration could decrease the cutting force and cutting temperature, and therefore reduce the tool damage. Nevertheless, in conventional ultrasonic assisted turning, the ultrasonic vibration was superimposed in a single direction along the cutting speed which resulted in the existence of a critical cutting speed and thus limited to the material removal rate. Therefore, this study proposed a novel ultrasonic assisted tuning method in which an ultrasonic elliptical vibration was superimposed to the tool in the base plane. In order to validate the proposed method, experiments were carried out on a CNC lathe attached with an ultrasonic cutting unit involving a rod-shaped Inconel 718 specimen. In addition, a dynamometer was positioned under the cutting unit for measuring cutting forces. A coated carbide insert was installed at the tip of the cutting unit as the cutting tool. The experimental results showed that the cutting force and cutting temperature with ultrasonic vibration were smaller than those without ultrasonic vibration. Particularly, even the cutting speed was beyond the maximum vibration velocity, the cutting force and cutting temperature with vibration were still much lower than those without vibration. In other words, the application of ultrasonic elliptical vibration in the base plane still benefited to the turning of Inconel 718 even when the cutting speed exceeded the max ultrasonic vibration speed.

Using wool fibers as template and Ce (NO3)3•6H2O, PEG and NH3·H2O as precursors, micron-scale CeO2 tubes composed of well-crystalline CeO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized. Cerium oxide was first precipitated on the wool fibers by vapor deposition method, then the fibers were removed by a two-step calcination. The obtained products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that intact tubes with a diameter of 8~12μm have been successfully prepared.

Using optical microscopy、impact and tensile test,Study the effects of different quenching and tempering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel 20SiMn2MoVA.The results showed that, at the test temperature range,with the rise of quenching temperature the tensile strength of steel 20SiMn2MoVA declining, Low-temperature impact energy along with the quenching temperature rise was increasing. After quenching at 920°Cand tempering at different temperatures, with increasing tempering temperature, the tensile strength of the material showed a declining trend, impact toughness values were rising trend has decreased, 220°Ctempered impact toughness appear peak. Below 300°C tempering is tempered martensite and a small amount of residual austenite; More than 300°C tempering, residual austenite begins to decompose, carbide separeated out, 400°Ctempering is tempered flexor s body. Test material at 920°Cafter quenching and tempering 220°C, has good strength and toughness, specific properties: tensile strength 1506 MPa and temperature impact toughness Akv 35.6J.

Vortex-induced motion is based on the complex characteristics of the flow around the tension leg platform (TLP) hull. By considering the flow field of the South China Sea and the configuration of the platform, three typical flow velocities and three flow directions are chosen to study the numerical simulation of the flow field characteristics around the TLP hull. Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations combined with the detached eddy simulation turbulence model are employed in the numerical study. The hydrodynamic coefficients of columns and pontoons, the total drag and lift coefficients of the TLP, the formation and development of the wake, and the vorticity iso-surfaces for different inlet velocities and current directions are discussed in this paper. The average value of the drag coefficient of the upstream columns is considerably larger than that of the downstream columns in the inlet direction of 0°. Although the time history of the lift coefficient demonstrates a “beating” behavior, the plot shows regularity in general. The Strouhal number decreases as the inlet velocity increases from the power spectral density plot at different flow velocities. The mean root values of the lift and drag coefficients of the front column decrease as the current direction increases. Under the symmetrical configuration of 45°, the streamwise force on C4 is the smallest, whereas the transverse force is the largest. The broken vortex conditions in current directions of 22.5° and 45° are more serious than that in the current direction of 0°. In addition, turbulence at the bottom of the TLP becomes stronger when the current direction changes from 0° to 45°. However, a high inlet velocity indicates a large region influenced by the broken vortex and shows the emergence of the wake behind the TLP under the same current angle.