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Globally, an increase in sexually transmitted diseases worldwide has been reported, including acquired Treponema palliduminfection. Congenital syphilis is the mother-to-child transmission syphilis infection, experiencing an increase in cases returning to incidence rates of years ago. We report three cases of symptomatic congenital syphilis occurring in a tertiary-care hospital in Madrid (Spain). Cases were diagnosed by serology and molecular biology methods. The use of molecular techniques in specimens such as skin lesion, subplacental exudate swabs, bronchoalveolar aspirate, or cerebrospinal fluid could favour the diagnosis of this clinical entity, especially in symptomatic newborns with systemic involvement.

Starch is a biopolymer which demand has increased because of its multiple industrial applications. The present work was performed to characterize, both flour and starch obtained from Cucurbita foetidissimaroot as a non-conventional source. According to its physicochemical, rheological (flow curves), thermal and morphological properties. The flour was composed of a 77% total of carbohydrates, and the isolated starch showed 88% purity. Granules found in both samples exhibited birefringence and mixed morphology. Particle size distribution varied from 1 to 35 µm for flour and from 1 to 29 µm for starch. The kand nindices from their evaluated suspensions at 25, 50 and 70 °C indicated a non-Newtonian behavior of pseudoplastic type for both materials. Gelatinization temperature was 63.58 ± 3.08 °C with ΔH= 5.64 ± 3.81 J/g for flour, and of 66.50 ± 0.06 °C with ΔH= 12.27 ± 0.17 J/g for starch. XRD patterns were mixed A and B, characteristic of cereal starches and rubbers, with changes in the crystallinity percentage with each other. These materials characteristics are similar to those of other sources such as cassava (Manihot esculenta), but different from cereals as corn (Zea mays), and other tubers, as potato (Solanum tuberosum).

The development of laparoscopic liver surgery, the improvement in the perioperative care programs, and the surgical innovation have allowed liver resections on selected cirrhotic patients. However, the great majority of ERAS studies for liver surgery have been conducted on patients with normal liver parenchyma, while its application on cirrhotic patients is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of an ERAS protocol in cirrhotic patients who underwent liver surgery. We present an analytical observational prospective cohort study, which included all adult patients who underwent a liver resection between December 2017 and December 2019 with an ERAS program. We compare the outcomes in patients cirrhotic (CG)/non-cirrhotic (NCG). A total of 101 patients were included. Thirty of these (29.7%) were patients ≥ 70 cirrhotic. 87% of the both groups had performed > 70% of the ERAS. Oral diet tolerance and mobilization on the first postoperative day were similar in both groups. The hospital stay was similar in both groups (2.9 days/2.99 days). Morbidity and mortality were similar; Clavien I–II (CG: 44% vs NCG: 30%) and Clavien ≥ III (CG: 3% vs NCG: 8%). Hospital re-entry was higher in the NCG. Overall mortality of the study was 1%. ERAS protocol compliance was associated with a decrease in complications (ERAS < 70%: 80% vs ERAS > 90%: 20%; p: 0.02) and decrease in severity of complications in both study groups. The application of the ERAS program in cirrhotic patients who undergo liver surgery is feasible, safe, and reproducible. It allows postoperative complications, mortality, hospital stay, and readmission rates comparable to those in standard patients.

To estimate the effectiveness of fall prevention programs in people aged 65 years and older involving nursing professionals.

Estimar la efectividad de los programas de prevención de caídas en mayores de 65 años en los que participan profesionales de enfermería.

Byline: Claudia. Martínez-Córdoba, Bernardo. Quijano-Nieto, Claudia. Echeverría-González, Rosa. Sierra-Bernal Purpose: Structural differences have been described in the retina of prematurely born children, including increased macular thickness caused by failed migration [...]

We have grown high-quality magnetite micrometric islands on ruthenium stripes on sapphire through a combination of magnetron sputtering (Ru film), high-temperature molecular beam epitaxy (oxide islands), and optical lithography. The samples have been characterized by atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism in a photoemission microscope. The magnetic domains on the magnetite islands can be modified by the application of current pulses through the Ru stripes in combination with magnetic fields. The modification of the magnetic domains is explained by the Oersted field generated by the electrical current flowing through the stripes underneath the magnetite nanostructures. The fabrication method is applicable to a wide variety of rock salt and spinel oxides.

The outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in cancer pediatric patients was initially uncertain. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcome of cancer patients and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients from 0 to 19 years with detectable SARS-CoV-2 from April 23, 2020, to April 30, 2022, treated in a tertiary-level hospital in Argentina. A total of 348 cases were registered in 339 patients. The median age was 89.5 (3 to 224) months. The sex was predominantly male: 193 (55.5%). The most common malignant disease was leukemia (42.8%). One hundred four cases (29.9%) had comorbidities. Of the 346 cases with an available blood count, 17.6% had a lymphocyte count <300/mm3. Fever was the most common symptom. In most cases (93.1%) presented asymptomatic or mild disease. Twenty-one cases (6%) presented severe or critical status. Eleven of 24 admissions to the intensive care unit were due to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Eight patients (2.3%) died. Two deaths were attributable to SARS-CoV-2 (0.6%). Being older, having fever, lymphopenia at diagnosis, and having received hematopoietic stem cell transplant were associated with a more severe disease. Around 90% of the children continued their cancer treatment without any change.

The aim was to compare the incidence of Staphylococcus aureusbacteremia in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 adult patients during the pandemic period versus the previous two years. Also, we described the characteristics of both cohorts of patients in pandemic period to find differences.

Polities require individuals who envision and materialize them; in turn, people's political identity as residents depends on them. Thepolity and theresident are self-evident only in hindsight, and we discuss their co-constitution. During subjectification, people create and submit to an authority. Our case study is the Early Classic (AD 350–600) emergence of Tamarindito in the south-central Maya Lowlands (modern Guatemala). The Petexbatun Regional Archaeological Project and the Tamarindito Archaeological Project have extensively studied this capital of the Foliated Scroll polity. Although its divine rulers present themselves as fully formed since time immemorial, we discuss how they built their authority through self-serving narratives. Tamarindito originates in the Early Classic, and in the late fourth or fifth century, rulers selected a 70 m high hill as seat. Plaza A's monumentality conceals a small-scale labor effort and a slowly growing polity. Only two non-elite households attached themselves to the royal court during the fifth and sixth centuries, suggesting that non-elites recognized the royal authority only slowly. The formation of the Foliated Scroll polity was an immanent process. Self-aggrandizing divine kings struggled to claim authority, and non-elites subjectified themselves over several centuries.

IntroductionThe extent of the population’s exposure to tobacco imagery across all genres of regular TV programming and the contribution of each of these genres is unknown, except for UK broadcast channels. The objective of this study is to estimate the exposure of young people to tobacco imagery on Chilean prime-time television and the programme source contributing to such exposure.MethodsProgrammes aired during 3 weeks in 2019 from the 15 highest audience channels in Chile were content-analysed for the occurrence of tobacco categorised as actual use, implied use, tobacco paraphernalia, tobacco brand appearances and whether they violated Chilean smoke-free law for each 1 min interval (92 639). The exposure of young people to tobacco content was estimated using media viewership figures.ResultsYoung people received 29, 11 and 4 million tobacco impressions of any type, explicit use and smoke-free violation, respectively, at a rate of 21.8, 8.0 and 2.1 thousand impressions per hour of TV viewing. The main sources of exposure to tobacco impressions were feature films and animated productions, which were almost entirely non-Chilean. Finally, young people were exposed to tobacco brand impressions primarily through films, effectively circumventing the advertising ban in Chile.DiscussionTelevision programming is a source of significant youth exposure to tobacco imagery, including branding impressions. To conform to the WHO FCTC, Chile should prohibit tobacco branding in any TV programme and require strong anti-tobacco advertisements prior to any TV programme portraying tobacco.

Protein-energy wasting (PEW) and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are independently associated with morbi-mortality in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). PEW may reduce HRQoL; however, we hypothesized HRQoL is affected differentially by PEW degrees or by individual criteria of nutritional status.

Cutaneous amyloidosis (CA) is defined by the accumulation of amyloid in the dermis; it might be primary or secondary. The diagnosis is based on histopathological findings with the demonstration of amyloid deposits, confirmed by Congo red stain under the polarized light. Studies on other diagnostic markers are ongoing in the literature. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the utility of C4d staining in the recognition of amyloid in CA and using it as an alternative or substitute marker for the diagnosis. In this retrospective study, 199 skin biopsies with a clinical provisional diagnosis of CA were analyzed, the Congo red stain was performed, and, in a subgroup (n = 97) with histopathological findings probably for CA, C4d immunohistochemistry was assessed. Forty-eight cases of CA were detected. Congo red birefringence was positive in all cases, whereas in 14 cases, it was faded. In these 14 cases, the diagnosis of CA was made by means of Congo red fluorescence and Thioflavin T because the histopathological findings were highly suggestive for CA. All CA cases were positive with C4d, and in 12 of the 49 inflammatory dermatoses, C4d was positive. The interpretation of C4d immunohistochemistry can be performed more easily and rapidly than Congo red evaluation. The sensitivity and specificity of C4d were 100% and 75.5%, respectively. In our experience, C4d staining was a useful method for detecting amyloid deposits in CA. Although Congo red staining is the gold standard for amyloid detection, we propose C4d immunohistochemistry as a routine screening method or hybrid transition while further investigations are completed.

Los errores congénitos del metabolismo son un grupo muy heterogéneo de enfermedades raras. La mayoría se pueden tratar con dieta y sustitución enzimática.

In situphotoemission and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) techniques have been used to study the interaction of CO2with an ionic liquid thin film. A thin film of the superbasic ionic liquid (SBIL) trihexyltetradecylphosphonium benzimidazolide ([P66614][benzim]) was prepared on a rutile TiO2(110) surface and exposed to CO2at near-ambient pressures. NEXAFS measurements combined with density functional theory calculations indicate a realignment of [benzim]−anions from 27° from the surface normal to 54° upon exposure to CO2. Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) shows evidence of irreversible CO2absorption in thin films of [P66614][benzim] and a greater concentration of CO2-reacted anions in the deeper layers. These results give a new perspective on CO2uptake in ionic liquids and fundamental interactions at the liquid–gas interface. Understanding this interfacial behavior is important for developing ILs for gas capture applications and may influence the performance of other IL-based technologies.

La odinofonía se define como el dolor durante la fonación. Se trata de una molestia frecuente en los profesionales de la voz. Se ha estimado que quienes la sufren presentarían mayor sensibilidad perilaríngea; sin embargo, esta situación no ha sido del todo evidenciada.

Analizar y sintetizar la evidencia sobre la prevención de las caídas de las personas mayores de 65 años y los proveedores de cuidados familiares.

ObjectiveTo assess the national level of compliance with the Chilean comprehensive smoke-free legislation by observing healthcare facilities, education centres, government offices, hospitality venues and private workplaces, by type of area within workplaces and public places: enclosed, semiopen and open.MethodologyIn this cross-sectional observational study, we studied a national representative sample of 3253 venues obtained through a two-stage cluster sampling design. First, 57 municipalities were randomly selected, proportionally to the total number of venues of interest. Second, within each selected municipality, a maximum of 12 venues of each sector was selected systematically from a list of existing sites. We determined the non-compliance level by estimating the percentage of the visited venues where smoking was observed or suspected in banned areas of the premises.ResultsSmoking or suspicion thereof was not observed in any enclosed area of any establishment. However, smoking violations were observed in semiopen areas ranging from less than 0.5% of schools and healthcare centres to around 10% of hospitality venues or 23.0% of higher education centres. Smoking violations were also observed in outdoor areas of 6.7% and 1.6% of the health centres and schools, respectively.DiscussionThe stark contrast in compliance with the smoking ban between the enclosed areas and the semiopen areas may be a consequence of the complex definition of semiopen areas in the regulations. The study also reflects the need to improve the overall enforcement of the smoke-free law, particularly in universities and hospitality venues.

La rinosinusitis fúngica invasiva aguda (RSFIA) es una enfermedad poco frecuente, de alta mortalidad. Se presenta principalmente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos con múltiples comorbilidades, lo que dificulta su manejo. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir una cohorte de pacientes operados por RSFIA, sus características clínicas y mortalidad, los agentes etiológicos y el rendimiento de los métodos de diagnóstico.

The aim of this study was to validate a direct taste perception test (TPT) and evaluate its performance in patients on dialysis.

In recent years, there has been an increase in Neisseria gonorrhoeaeinfections in Europe and Spain. Disseminated gonococcal infection is an uncommon clinical presentation that includes gonococcal arthritis. Improved antibiotic treatment has reduced the incidence of gonococcal arthritis. However, the increase in gonococcal infections may have increased the frequency of this clinical entity in recent times. We report five cases of gonococcal arthritis in patients in a tertiary-care hospital in the northern area of Madrid (Spain) from October 2022 to October 2023. Major cases occurred in male patients with unprotected sex and polyarticular symptoms requiring hospital admission and treatment with ceftriaxone and cefixime. The use of molecular techniques has allowed the detection of a greater number of culture-negative cases of gonococcal arthritis, as well as the detection of mutations associated with resistance to fluoroquinolone for switching to oral treatment.

Classic Maya “killed” objects. They broke and dispersed ceramic vessels. After adding exotic artifacts, they burned everything, buried the deposit with marl, and tore down associated rooms or buildings. This complex set of interrelated activities has been classified as a termination ritual. Instead of accepting this as a natural category, we study how the Classic Maya strategically differentiated some practices from others. Our case study are the deposits in Structure 5PS-12, an eighth-century AD building at the outskirts of the royal capital of Tamarindito, Guatemala. Destroyed wall foundations and evenly distributed wall fall indicate that Structure 5PS-12 was dismantled. Complete tools and exotic artifacts are found within the wall fall and on the floor. Refitted ceramic sherds show that partial vessels were broken apart and scattered across the building. The combination and sequence of these practices reveal a deliberate strategy to distinguish some practices from others. Its practitioners may have witnessed a fire ceremony conducted by the divine rulers of Tamarindito in AD 762. Structure 5PS-12 attests to shared and possibly copied ritual procedures, whereas unique practices establish a local way of abandonment. The process of differentiation allows people to display but also question shared cultural frameworks. The Maya ritualized practices in a social discourse about appropriate norms and behaviors.

Conocer y comprender las estrategias que llevan a cabo los familiares de personas con problemas mentales en las crisis de sus familiares enfermos.

In photocatalysis, surface engineered CeO2could be vital due to oxygen vacancies arise from multiple valency, i.e. Ce3+and Ce4+. This study reports photocatalytic properties of g-C3N4/CeO2composite synthesized by a facile method in the presence of l-arginine. Physicochemical properties of g-C3N4/CeO2material were analyzed through various characterization techniques such as XRD, UV–Vis, physisorption, etc., and correlated with its photocatalytic activity. Observed bandgap of the synthesized composite material was in the visible region, around 2.8eV which is less than that of typical ceria, but higher than bandgap of exfoliated g-C3N4. On the further side, N doping into CeO2was confirmed through XPS analysis. It is estimated that synthesis method aided for the N doping, which further played key role in lowering the bandgap of g-C3N4/CeO2composite. Finally, Photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4/CeO2composite was analyzed through degradation of an herbicide i.e. diuron, and the study revealed the good performance of the catalyst.

Pica is an individual entity in the patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which phenomenon has not been widely studied despite the high reported prevalence. Moreover, pica complications (anaemia, altered electrolytes, poor absorption of micro and macronutrients and malnutrition) could be exacerbated in CKD and limit the quality of renal replacement therapy.

La pica como entidad individual en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) no ha sido ampliamente estudiada, a pesar de que se ha reportado una alta prevalencia en esta población, y de que las complicaciones propias de la pica (anemia, alteración en electrolitos, mala absorción de micro y macronutrientes y desnutrición) podrían verse exacerbadas en la ERC, lo cual limitaría alcanzar una mejor calidad de la terapia de remplazo renal.

Pica could be strongly implicated in nutritional status of patients on dialysis; however, very scarce data are currently available. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pica and its association with nutritional status in dialysis patients.

Chromatin remodelling factors (CHRs) typically function to alter chromatin structure. CHRs also reside in ribonucleoprotein complexes, but little is known about their RNA-related functions. Here we show that CHR2 (also known as BRM), the ATPase subunit of the large switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex, is a partner of the Microprocessor component Serrate (SE). CHR2 promotes the transcription of primary microRNA precursors (pri-miRNAs) while repressing miRNA accumulation in vivo. Direct interaction with SE is required for post-transcriptional inhibition of miRNA accumulation by CHR2 but not for its transcriptional activity. CHR2 can directly bind to and unwind pri-miRNAs and inhibit their processing, and this inhibition requires the remodelling and helicase activity of CHR2 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the secondary structures of pri-miRNAs differed between wild-type Arabidopsis thalianaand chr2mutants. We conclude that CHR2 accesses pri-miRNAs through SE and remodels their secondary structures, preventing downstream processing by DCL1 and HYL1. Our study uncovers pri-miRNAs as a substrate of CHR2, and an additional regulatory layer upstream of Microprocessor activity to control miRNA accumulation. The chromatin remodelling protein CHR2 interacts with Serrate in Arabidopsisto regulate microRNA biogenesis.

Para asegurar unos buenos resultados en cirugía coronaria es fundamental, además de una adecuada técnica quirúrgica, un cuidadoso manejo perioperatorio.

La simulación en los procesos educativos de la medicina constituye un método de enseñanza y de aprendizaje efectivo. Permite estandarizar los procesos de aprendizaje y enseñar sin poner en riesgo al paciente. En Otorrinolaringología existen diferentes tipos de simulación en las distintas áreas de la especialidad. Se han desarrollado modelos tipo fantoma, paciente-maniquí, modelos virtuales y también se utilizan modelos animales para poder enseñar y practicar diferentes habilidades. Cada modelo tiene sus ventajas y desventajas, donde la realidad virtual se posiciona como un modelo emergente y con un futuro prometedor. Sin embargo, aún falta mayor desarrollo de la simulación en el área de Otorrinolaringología.

El método de colado en cinta cerámica ha mantenido gran interés debido a sus múltiples aplicaciones y a sus facilidades económicas en comparación con otras técnicas para obtener capas micrométricas. Dos parámetros de gran importancia para el colado en cinta son la cantidad relativa de aglutinante y la apertura de cuchilla Dr. Blade. La cantidad relativa de aglutinante influye fuertemente en las propiedades reológicas del lodo cerámico YSZ (etanol, butanona, TEA, PVB, PEG, DEP). Se reportan cambios del coeficiente Ky el exponente mde la ley de Cross en los rangos 152,25-231,12 y 0,00987-0,26646 para concentraciones porcentuales en peso del aglutinante PVB entre el 6 y el 12%. Es posible describir la dependencia del espesor de la cinta cerámica por medio de una relación lineal respecto a la apertura de cuchilla cuyas pendientes lineales tiene el valor de 0,0350 y 0,2171 para cintas en verde y sinterizadas, respectivamente, con el lodo cerámico YSZ del presente trabajo.

In September 2014, Colombia issued standards for the evaluation of biological drugs within the framework of the marketing authorization process. The Colombian approach explicitly includes a fast track for evaluating competing biologicals, which caused great national and international controversy. This article explains the context that justifies the need for this fast-track approach, critically analyzes comparability as a paradigm for the evaluation of biogenerics, and shows that Colombia's position is not isolated and is based on global regulatory trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest in bioprocess-based products has increased in recent years due to their applications and advantages. Solid-state fermentation, as a part of this technology, has been used in different industries, including food. Among the products produced with this type of process, bee bread is one of the most important. Bee pollen is a valuable raw material because of its nutritional characteristics, in particular its protein (10–52%), lipid (.15–20%), dietary fiber (.3–20%), and mineral contents, as well as its bioactive qualities related to the presence of vitamins and antioxidants, which ultimately should allow micro-organism development during fermentation processes. Pollen grains possess, however, a natural protection that greatly limits nutrient transportation to the exterior of the grain. In fact, bees naturally induce bioprocesses in the interior of their hive to make pollen nutrients more bioavailable. The objective of this work is therefore to review the characteristics of bee pollen, and its aptitude as a raw material for a solid-state fermentation process.

Allometric models based on measurements of single leaf dimensions or a combination there are useful tools for determining individual leaf area (LA) because they are non-destructive, precise, simple and economical methods. The present study was carried out at the Central Station Naranjal of Cenicafe, located in the Department of Caldas (Colombia), four models were defined using the variables length (L) and/or width (W) to estimate LA in coffee leaves of the Castillo® variety (Coffea arabica L.). Estimation of regression coefficients was performed using information recorded from 6,441 leaves (group 1), and their validation was performed using records from another 992 leaves (group 2). Leaves were collected from all strata of the canopy and ranged from 0.76 to 140 cm2 in LA. In addition to exhibiting coefficients of variation differing from zero based on t-tests at 1%, the evaluated models possess coefficients of determination between 0.93 and 0.99. Four expressions have developed and adjusted to estimate leaf area in individual leaves, based on the measurement of simple variables and non-destructive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To describe the frequency of adverse drugs events (ADEs) as possible causes of request of drugs not included in national essential Medicines list in Colombia.