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Background: The postoperative management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is variable with favourable surgical outcomes. Yet there is no evidence on the efficacy of hydrotherapy in athletes undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role and the impact of hydrotherapy on return to sports following hip arthroscopy for symptomatic FAI.Methods: 2 cohorts of mixed level of athletes from various sports: a hydrotherapy group that followed land-based exercises in combination with hydrotherapy exercises and a control group that followed solely the same land-based exercises. Pre- and postoperative pain and hip-specific outcome scores were completed, and patient satisfaction was rated.Results: A total of 88 hip arthroscopies were included with a minimum of 2 years follow-up; the hydrotherapy group comprised of 36 hips and the control group, 52 hips. There was a significant improvement in time to return to previous performance (HR 1.91, 95% CI, 1.21–3.01; p= 0.005) in the hydrotherapy group compared with the control. The hip-specific scores and patient satisfaction were considerably improved in the hydrotherapy group.Conclusions: The analysis of our data indicates that the incorporation of hydrotherapy into postoperative rehabilitation for hip arthroscopy for FAI accelerates the return of athletes to their pre-injury performance, since recovery time decreased significantly.

ObjectiveTo systematically review studies examining the role of psychological interventions in injury prevention. The primary research question was: What is the real-world effectiveness of psychological intervention in preventing sports injuries?DesignMixed methods systematic review with best evidence synthesis.Data sourcesCINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Science Direct and PubMed.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials (RCT), non-RCTs that included a comparison group, before and after study designs and qualitative methods. Studies were required to outline specific unimodal or multimodal psychological interventions used in relation to injury prevention in the real-world setting.Outcome measureStudies were independently appraised with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ResultsThirteen papers (incorporating 14 studies) met the eligibility criteria, of which 93% (13/14) reported a decrease in injury rates (effect size range=0.2–1.21). There was an overall moderate risk of bias in reporting (52%). There is a dominance of stress management-based interventions in literature due to the prominence of the model of stress and athletic injury within the area.Summary/conclusionsPsychological interventions demonstrate small (0.2) to large (1.21) effects on sports injury rates. The research area demonstrates a cumulative moderate risk in reporting bias (52%).PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016035879.

Objectives:High-risk sports participants have typically been viewed as a homogeneous group despite variability in performance characteristics and the level of risk undertaken. Prolonged engagement high-risk sports such as winter climbing are relatively underserved within current literature. Elite winter climbers attempt climbs that are outside the scope of the current “known”, i.e. unclimbed routes. The majority of the current understanding of motivation in high-risk sports is based on quantitative research and the methodologies and instruments used. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of elite winter climbers and gain a richer understanding of their motivational orientation and risk-taking behaviour. Design:Qualitative–inductive. Method:Four elite male winter climbers (aged 42–49 years old) took part in semi-structured interviews and explore their motivational orientation and risk-taking behaviour. A thematic analysis was used. Results:Two superordinate themes of enactive mastery and engendered disinhibition emerged from the data. Enactive mastery was interpreted as a composite of two higher-order themes: Task mastery and self-mastery. Engendered disinhibition was interpreted as a composite of two higher-order themes: Social cognitive appraisal and self-perception. Conclusion:Enactive mastery and engendered disinhibition emerged as key behavioural and psychological determinants that influenced individuals to attempt more difficult and riskier forms of winter climbing. Goal achievement was their primary motive which was set within a confidence frame encapsulated within these superordinate themes.

To advance the literature on talent development within elite female athletes, this study investigated the developmental experiences of elite youth female soccer players. We adopted an interpretive approach where four players (Mage = 16.75) were initially interviewed to gain a retrospective understanding of their development as soccer players. Subsequent fieldwork and further interviews were used to gain a current and prospective understanding of their development as players. Data were subjected to an inductive analysis, composite sequence analysis and a collaborative member checking process to co-construct a sequential, developmental understanding of the players' experiences within elite youth soccer. The findings suggested that the soccer experience of fathers and/or older brothers played a significant role in the players' development. Soccer fathers were able to provide advice and guidance specific to the needs of their daughter-player at different age ranges whilst at the same time reinforcing the importance of coach–player relationships. Soccer brothers acted as either positive or negative models for their sister-players and served as a source of information about key career choices. Friends inside (termed as soccer friends) and outside (termed as non-soccer friends) soccer played a significant role in helping players to lead the disciplined lifestyle required of an elite youth soccer player. Finally, findings suggest that self-regulation and adaptive volitional behaviours appear to be key intra-individual factors associated with talent development in female soccer. These findings are considered in the light of previous talent development literature alongside directions for future research.

The article examines the consequences of sports injuries and injury risk reduction techniques. Negative consequences of sports injury include mental health complaints, athletic career termination, and financial losses due to reduced performance success. Interventions include mindfulness-acceptance-commitment (MAC) approach, stress management, and cognitive behavioural feedback.

The article presents the discussion on developments within SEPAR including the formation of a postgraduate endorsement scheme for Masters programmes officially launching the BASES Postgraduate SEPAR Endorsement Scheme (BPSES).

The article presents an interview with Adam Gledhill discussing the future of The Sport and Exercise Scientist feeling a sense of pride, vulnerability, humility, and enthusiasm. Topics include role of TSES in addressing the challenges facing in sport and exercise science; and showing the importance of sports clubs in the development of young people, physical inactivity, and athletes.

The article profiles Adam Gledhill, a British Association of Sport & Exercise Sciences (BASES) accredited sport and exercise scientist and a course director of sport, exercise and health sciences at Leeds Beckett University. Topics discussed include his career inspirations, the one moment that changed the course of his career, and the increased professionalisation of sport and exercise science.

BackgroundSports injuries can have broad reaching health, performance, and financially-related problems for individual athletes and teams. There are widely recognized psychological injury risk factors therefore it follows that psychological skills training may be able to reduce the levels of injury risk.ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between psychological injury prevention interventions and injury risk reduction.DesignSystematic review adopting PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO reg. CRD42016035879).SettingDatabases searched were CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, PubMed and Science Direct. RCTs, non-RCTs that incorporated a comparison group, pre- and post- designs, and qualitative studies were eligible.Patients (or Participants)Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies included 1306 athletes (female n=520; male n=786) with an age range of 10–33 years and drawn from regional to international level sports.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)Varying psychological intervention strategies of varying modalities, intensities and volumes were adopted in the final studies.Main Outcome MeasurementsMixed-methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to appraise study quality.ResultsStudies were appraised as having a moderate risk of bias in reporting. Eleven of the 12 included studies demonstrated a reduced injury risk as a result of the intervention. Five of the 12 included studies demonstrated a statistically significant difference. There is a bias towards the Stress Injury Model as the theoretical underpinning, contributing to a bias towards stress management studies. There is a dearth of literature which considers the role of psychological skills training in reducing non-stress related risk factors (e.g. imagery training to manage neuromuscular deficiency).ConclusionsEvidence suggests psychological skills training can reduce the risk of sports injury occurrence, however this claim is drawn on research with a moderate risk of reporting bias.