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Tyromyces palustris: and Coriolus versicolor, which are the representative test fungi of brown- and white-rot in Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A-9201-1991, respectively. PBA had somewhat less contribution to decay resistance of GX most possibly due to chemical complexation. GA proved superior in decay resistance to the other two reagents. Mass loss due to the Formosan termite Coptotermes formosanus attack could be reduced to a minimum with total inactivation of termites by PBA addition. BA retention did not suffice to impart complete termite resistance after ten cycles of severe weathering of the specimens. Thus, BA was found appropriate to be added to the used cross-linking agents in such service conditions where decay risk is high while PBA combinations should be preferred if termite damage prevailes.

Summary: This research illustrates a new procedure of analyzing data from soil- or agar-block decay tests using non-linear regression techniques to estimate a toxic threshold retention point for wood preservative chemicals. The model can be used to provide an objective estimate of the level of retention that is fully adequate, and can be applied satisfactorily to decay data from laboratory decay tests. This so-called broken line model procedure analyzes the decay data simultaneously by separating it into two different parts according to the threshold retention point. Such a procedure is preferable to previous methods which suffer from the need of transforming decay data. Our analysis can be performed in any statistical analysis package that includes a non-linear regression procedure, regardless of having a small or large data set, under the assumption that residuals are normally distributed with a homogenous variance. The method of estimating weight loss due to decay and the one due to operational procedure are also described.

Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of lornoxicam (L) on sensory and motor block onset time, tourniquet pain, and postoperative analgesia, when added to lidocaine in intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA). Methods. Forty-five patients undergoing hand surgery were randomly and blindly divided into three groups as to receive either i.v. saline and IVRA with lidocaine 0.5% (Control group, n=15), i.v. saline and IVRA lidocaine 0.5% with lornoxicam (L-IVRA group, n=15), or intravenous lornoxicam and IVRA lidocaine 0.5% (L-IV group, n=15). Sensory and motor blocks onset time, and tourniquet pain was measured after tourniquet application at 5, 10, 20, and 30 min, and analgesic use were recorded during operation. After the tourniquet deflation, at 1, 30 min, and 2, 4 h, visual analogue scales score, the time to first analgesic requirement, total analgesic consumption in first 24 h, and side effects were noted. Results. Sensory and motor block onset times were shorter and the recovery time prolonged in the Group L-IVRA compared with the other group (P=0.001). A decreased tourniquet pain, a prolonged time first analgesic requirement [229 (85) min vs 28 (20) and 95 (24) min, P=0.0038) and less postoperative analgesic requirements during 24 h were found in Group L-IVRA compared with the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusions. The addition of lornoxicam to lidocaine for intravenous regional anaesthesia shortens the onset of sensory and motor block, decreases tourniquet pain and improves postoperative analgesia without causing any side effect.