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A farmer in Cornwall is collaborating with scientists from the University of Plymouth to test robots, including robotic dogs, to measure soil health on his farm. Soil, composed of rock particles, organic matter, water, and air, is crucial for providing plants with essential nutrients for growth. The robots, equipped with gamma ray detectors, can quickly assess soil moisture and organic matter levels, offering farmers efficient and cost-effective soil testing solutions. These robotic dogs are designed to navigate various terrains, providing farmers with rapid results to enhance soil health and optimize crop planting decisions. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a gallium nitride transimpedance amplifier developed by inventors from Chang Gung University in Taiwan. The amplifier is designed for use in prompt gamma detectors used in proton beam therapy for cancer treatment. The invention aims to improve the reliability and durability of electronic devices in radiation environments, offering a potential solution to enhance the performance of prompt gamma detectors in therapy settings. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on Satellite Digest 592, which includes a listing of world space launches and their orbital data. Topics discussed includes in the digest include SpaceX's Starlink and OneWeb communication satellites, the failed ELaNa 41 mission, and other Earth survey satellites launched by different countries.

A patent has been issued for structured detectors and detector systems for radiation imaging. The patent describes the use of different improvements in high-speed detector electronics and various detector materials for medical diagnostic imaging, radiation therapy imaging, nuclear medicine imaging, PET imaging, and other applications. The invention aims to develop cost-effective, single-purpose, and multipurpose integrated detector systems. The patent includes claims related to ionizing radiation detector modules, sensor technology, and waveform patterns for spatial, temporal, and energy resolution. The assignee for this patent is Minnesota Imaging and Engineering LLC. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Koninklijke Philips N.V. for a photon-counting data acquisition module. The module is designed to convert pulses received from a signal input unit into a counter signal, and it includes a pulse maximum identifier and a discriminator/counter pair. The module operates in discrete time intervals, making it non-paralyzable and ensuring that the observed count rate increases monotonically with the input count rate. It can be connected to various photodetectors and is suitable for applications such as medical imaging and chemical analysis. [Extracted from the article]

RefleXion Medical Inc. has been issued a patent for a system for emission-guided high-energy photon delivery. The system is designed for radiation therapy and includes a gantry with a rotatable ring that can rotate at speeds up to 70 RPM. The system also features a therapeutic radiation source, beam-shaping components, imaging systems, and supporting electronics mounted on the rotatable ring. The system aims to reduce radiation exposure to non-target regions and improve the accuracy and efficiency of radiation therapy. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a security screening device capable of detecting and locating dangerous objects using radiation. The device combines X-rays and neutron radiation to detect explosives, illegal drugs, nuclear materials, and nuclear terror radiation sources. It includes a radiation generator, an inspection object transfer unit, a radiation detector, and gamma ray detectors. The device aims to improve the quality of image information by reducing interference between X-rays and neutron radiation. The patent was assigned to the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Alexandru Ioan Cuza University in Iasi, Romania, focused on the crystal growth of rare earth silicate compounds. These compounds have potential applications in scintillation crystals for gamma ray or X-ray detectors, as well as in thermal or environmental barrier coatings. The researchers successfully grew large, high-quality crystals of three specific compounds using a laser-diode-heated floating zone furnace. The crystals exhibited phase purity and high crystalline quality, making them suitable for further investigations into their physical and chemical properties. The study provides valuable insights into crystal growth and its potential applications in various fields. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Koninklijke Philips N.V. for a sub-pixel time skew correction method for positron emission tomography (PET). PET is a medical imaging technique that detects gamma ray photons emitted after a radioactive tracer substance is administered to a patient. The patent describes a calibration method for a gamma ray detector that corrects for time skews, which can reduce the resolution of the constructed image. The method involves enabling specific pixels and sub-pixels, recording scintillation photons, estimating time skews, and correcting them. This invention aims to provide more accurate medical imaging devices with improved temporal resolutions. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on Ireland's debut in space with its satellite, EIRSAT-1, set to launch on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. It reports that EIRSAT-1, developed by University College Dublin (UCD), carries experiments for gamma ray detection, thermal coating assessment, and spacecraft orientation control, marking a significant achievement for Ireland's space endeavors and showcasing collaboration with the European Space Agency and Irish authorities.

An optical coupling may be positioned between the scintillator and the silicon photomultiplier, and an optical reflector may surround the scintillator. Keywords: Business; Circuit Board; Computer Network; Computers; Electronics; Health and Medicine; Medical Device Companies; Networks; Thermo Fisher Scientific; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc EN Business Circuit Board Computer Network Computers Electronics Health and Medicine Medical Device Companies Networks Thermo Fisher Scientific Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc 7358 7358 1 07/24/23 20230730 NES 230730 2023 JUL 28 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Medical Devices & Surgical Technology Week -- Thermo Fisher Scientific (Erlangen, Germany) has been issued patent number 11693128, according to news reporting originating out of Alexandria, Virginia, by NewsRx editors. Each of a plurality of dosimeters may include a housing, a printed circuit board positioned within the housing and configured to communicate with the computer network, and a silicon photomultiplier operably connected to the printed circuit board. [Extracted from the article]

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gamma ray detector includes a gamma ray probe that includes a semiconductor detector or a scintillator. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the gamma ray detector includes a gamma ray probe that includes a semiconductor detector or a scintillator. "Other sensor probes besides ultrasound transducers can be used with spatially registered scans, such as radar, terahertz radiation detectors, intraoperative gamma-ray probes, radiation detectors, radiation dosimeters, and chemical sensors. [Extracted from the article]

The following quote was obtained by the news editors from the background information supplied by the inventors: "Positron emission tomography (PET) is a real-time, in vivo 3D imaging technique that has unparalleled specificity and sensitivity for visualizing biochemical processes. Cheung et al. discloses that CE can be used as a replacement for HPLC to quantify impurities in batches of short-lived radioactive tracers for medical imaging via positron emission tomography (PET). Keywords: Capillary Electrophoresis; Chromatography; Indicators and Reagents; Radiopharmaceuticals; University of California EN Capillary Electrophoresis Chromatography Indicators and Reagents Radiopharmaceuticals University of California 842 842 1 06/19/23 20230624 NES 230624 2023 JUN 24 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Medical Imaging Week -- A patent by the inventors Cheung, Shilin (North Hills, CA, US), Ha, Noel S. (Los Angeles, CA, US), Jones, Jason (Los Angeles, CA, US), Liu, Stephen (Los Angeles, CA, US), Ly, Jimmy (San Francisco, CA, US), van Dam, R. Michael (Sherman Oaks, CA, US), filed on November 14, 2017, was published online on May 30, 2023, according to news reporting originating from Alexandria, Virginia, by NewsRx correspondents. [Extracted from the article]

The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the sensor is a first sensor and the gamma ray probe further comprises: a second sensor proximate to the first sensor. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the sensor probe is selected from the group consisting of a magnetic sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, and a gamma ray detector." "The images captured by the tracking camera or scanning data from a medical sensing instrument can be presented to the operator on a screen, on a head mounted display, or using other visualization device such as projectors. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents a mathematical model that calculates the exposure experienced by a radiographer performing a specific gamma ray inspections operation. The model takes into account equipment variables (cable lengths, collimator, isotope activity) and performance preferences (walking away, bending the guide tube). In the end, the exposure, exposure rate, and average exposure rate are calculated for the different configurations and scenarios and a best-practice guideline is provided accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate a neutral gauge boson Xμ that originates from a hidden U(1) extension of the standard model as the particle dark matter candidate. Vector dark matter interacts with the standard model fermions through heavy fermion mediators. The interactions give rise to a t-channel annihilation cross section in the XX → ff process, which dominates the thermal relic abundance during thermal freeze-out and produces measurable gamma-ray flux in the galactic halo. For a light vector dark matter, if it predominantly couples to the third-generation fermions, this model could explain the excess of gamma rays from the Galactic Center. We show that vector dark matter with a mass of ~20-40??GeV and which annihilates into the bb and ττ final states provides an excellent description of the observed gamma-ray excess. The parameter space aimed at explaining the gamma-ray excess could also provide the correct thermal relic density and is compatible with the constraints from electroweak precision data, Higgs invisible decay, and collider searches. We show the dark matter couplings to the nucleon from the fermion portal interactions are loop suppressed, and only contribute to the spin-dependent cross section. Therefore vector dark matter could easily escape the stringent constraints from the direct-detection experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The IceCube Collaboration has recently reported evidence for a high-energy extraterrestrial neutrino flux. During two years of operation 28 events with energies between 30 TeV and 1.2 PeV were observed while only 10.6 events were expected from conventional atmospheric backgrounds. The hadronic interactions responsible for this IceCube excess will also produce a flux of high-energy γ-rays that can serve as a probe of source direction and distance. We show that existing TeV to PeV diffuse γ-ray limits support the interpretation that the IceCube excess is mostly of extragalactic origin. However, we point out that γ-ray surveys are biased in the Northern Hemisphere whereas the recent IceCube data tentatively show a weak preference for the Southern Sky. Possible sub-dominant contributions from Galactic neutrino sources like remnants of supernovae and hypernovae are marginally consistent with present γ-ray limits. This emphasizes the importance of future diffuse TeV to PeV γ-ray surveys in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly in the extended region around the Galactic center including the Fermi Bubbles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show the existence of a statistically significant, robust detection of a gamma-ray source in the Milky Way Galactic Center that is consistent with a spatially extended signal using about 4 years of Fermi-LAT data. The gamma-ray flux is consistent with annihilation of dark matter particles with a thermal annihilation cross section if the spatial distribution of dark matter particles is similar to the predictions of dark matter only simulations. We find statistically significant detections of an extended source with gamma-ray spectrum that is consistent with dark matter particle masses of approximately 10 GeV to 1 TeV annihilating to bƃ quarks and masses approximately 10-30 GeV annihilating to ττ leptons. However, a part of the allowed region in this interpretation is in conflict with constraints from Fermi observations of the Milky Way satellites. The biggest improvement over the fit including just the point sources is obtained for a 30 GeV dark matter particle annihilating to bƃ quarks. The gamma-ray intensity and spectrum are also well fit with emission from a millisecond pulsar population following a density profile like that of low-mass x-ray binaries observed in M31. The greatest goodness of fit of the extended emission is with spectra consistent with known astrophysical sources like millisecond pulsars in globular clusters or cosmic-ray bremsstrahlung on molecular gas. Therefore, we conclude that the bulk of the emission is likely from an unresolved or spatially extended astrophysical source. However, the interesting possibility of all or part of the extended emission being from dark matter annihilation cannot be excluded at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combined recent data from cosmic-ray detectors and gamma-ray detectors have produced some surprising insights regarding the sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), magnetic fields inside and outside the Milky Way, and the universal photon backgrounds. The energy-dependent composition of UHECRs implies a non-negligible contribution of sources located in the Milky Way, such as past gamma-ray bursts that took place in our Galaxy. Extended halos of distant sources seen in the Fermi data imply that intergalactic magnetic fields have average strengths of the order of a femtogauss. Such relatively low magnetic fields imply that the protons from distant blazars generate a detectable flux of secondary gamma rays in their interactions with the photon background. A comparison with the data shows an excellent agreement of the secondary photons with the spectra of distant blazars observed by atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection of γ-rays, antiprotons and positrons due to pair annihilation of dark matter particles in the Milky Way halo is a viable indirect technique to search for signatures of supersymmetric dark matter where the major challenge is the discrimination of the signal from the background generated by standard production mechanisms. The new PAMELA antiproton data are consistent with the standard secondary production and this allows us to constrain exotic contribution to the spectrum due to neutralino annihilations. In particular, we show that in the framework of minimal supergravity (mSUGRA), in a clumpy halo scenario (with clumpiness factor ⩾10) and for large values of , almost all the parameter space allowed by WMAP is excluded. Instead the PAMELA positron fraction data exhibit an excess that it is very difficult to explain with secondary production. The Fermi-LAT experiment recently reported high precision measurements of the spectrum of cosmicray electrons-plus-positrons (CRE) between 20 GeV and 1 TeV. The spectrum shows no prominent spectral features, and is significantly harder than that inferred from several previous experiments. The PAMELA excess in positron fraction combined with the new Fermi results on the electron+positron spectrum unavoidably testifies the presence of primary positrons in cosmic rays because it is not possible to explain the PAMELA ratio with a deficit of electrons at high energies. Here we discuss the status of indirect dark matter searches and a perspective for PAMELA and Fermi γ-ray space telescope experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Provides information on Swift, a satellite designed to spot gamma-ray bursts, which will be launched in the U.S. on October 1, 2004. Importance of the satellite to astronomers; Role of High Energy Transient Explorer gamma ray observatory in examining explosions in the universe; Background on the emergence of the enigma of gamma-ray burst.

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a large acceptance, superconducting magnetic spectrometer designed to search for anti-matter and to study, with high accuracy, the origin of dark-matter and the composition of cosmic rays. The results of a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation study of AMS as a high-energy γ-ray detector are presented. AMS will be able to provide accurate measurements of γ-ray spectra over a broad energy range (up to hundreds of GeV) with energy resolution of a few per cent and angular resolution of 0.018-1°. The acceptance of 0.04-0.13 m2sr has been estimated with maximal opening angle being 20° to 42°. The study of the background events has been done, the irreducible background-to-signal ratio being at the level of a few per cent or below being. The γ-ray sky survey sensitivity of AMS is finally discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Provides information on uses of the gamma ray apparatus in astrology. Recording of gamma ray burst by different satellites and interplanetary space probes; Wavelengths of gamma rays; First known gamma ray burst; Basic problem in locating the bursts.

Extensive air shower detectors of gamma rays in the sub-PeV energy region provide a new and relatively unexplored window for dark matter searches. Here we derive some implications of the recently published Tibet ASγ data for decaying dark matter candidates. The available spectral information is already useful in obtaining competitive constraints, surpassing existing limits above 10 PeV mass for hadronic or massive boson final states. This is particularly true if accounting for a benchmark astrophysical background of Galactic cosmic rays in the (0.1-1) PeV range. By relying on the arrival distribution of the photons, we show that significantly better sensitivity can be attained, comparable or better than IceCube also for most leptonic final states. Full data exploitation requires however further information disclosure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the completion of the sale of the neoprobe GDS line of gamma detection device systems from oncology surgical and diagnostic product manufacturer Neoprobe Corp. to Devicor Medical Products Inc. It states that the company's stockholders have approved the sale on August 15, 2011 for 30 million dollars with an additional of about 20 million dollars in royalties. President Mark Pykett emphasizes Neoprobe's transformation into a pure radiopharmaceutical company after the sale.

In recent years, TeV gamma-ray detectors have identified and investigated many Galactic sources identifying them as sites of particle acceleration up to energies of 100 TeV, far beyond the capabilities of current man-made accelerators. However, the question whether these objects are actually the sources of the Galactic cosmic rays remains open. The detection of neutrinos from these or up to now hidden sources will help to solve this long-standing mystery and complete our understanding of the high-energy universe. After an introduction to the connection between cosmic-ray, gamma-ray and neutrino production in these sources, the expected neutrino fluxes from different source classes and the prospects for their detection with current and future neutrino telescopes are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explains how astronomers and physicists are using gamma ray telescopes and detectors to measure the energies in the universe and better understand structures like dark matter and black holes. This type of visual study of the universe's energy has proven to offer clearer and sharper views of space than other types of imaging systems.

This article discusses information gleaned from the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Swift satellite mission. Swift's two-year mission concerned the study of gamma-ray bursts, the most powerful explosions in the universe. The bursts, usually lasting less than a second, have been impossible to study before the launch of the Swift satellite, which detects gamma radiation and photographs its source. INSET: CATCH A FADING LIGHT.

We are searching for the μ → e + γ in the MEG experiment. In order to improve the search sensitivity down to about 5 × 10 −14 , which is one order higher than the sensitivity goal of the current stage of the experiment. We are planning a major upgrade of the experiment including the upgrade of the liquid xenon (LXe) γ -ray detector. The main item of the upgrade of the xenon detector is a replacement of the current PMTs located on the γ -ray incident face with smaller photosensors such as MPPC. The energy and position resolutions are expected to be significantly improved, especially for the event where γ -ray converts at a shallow point in the LXe. Because the MPPC operational in liquid xenon is not yet commercially available, we are developing special MPPC in collaboration with Hamamatsu Photonics. The detection efficiency for LXe scintillation light is measured with prototype sensors and found to be already at the level necessary for the upgrade of the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the demonstration of a tiny prototype gamma ray detector by scientists at the U.S. Commerce Department's National Institute of Standards and Technology during the American Physical Society national meeting in March 2006 in Baltimore, Maryland. The device is capable of detecting gamma ray emission signs of specific atoms with several times precise than the best conventional sensors to examine nuclear materials.

Discusses the application of a high-sensitivity nuclide analysis technique based on multiple gamma ray detection to neutron activation analysis in order to simultaneously measure many trace elements in rock samples. Conventional radioactive nuclide analysis techniques; Chemical separation; Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute's test of the nuclide analysis technique.

Reports on the efforts of the Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO) to investigate the origin of gamma-ray bursts in outer space. Findings that the bursts are spread uniformly over the sky; Possibility that the sources are some kind of exotic small objects; How the GRO was renamed the Compton Observatory in honor of Nobel Prize-winning American physicist Arthur Holly Compton.

This article discusses data gathered from the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) Dawn mission examining the asteroid Vesta. Topics include the capture of surface data in visible and infrared radiation, movement of the spacecraft into close monitoring orbit where data will be collected with its gamma-ray and neutron detector (GRaND) and gravity experiment, and the use of cosmic ray interactions to identify surface atom types.

The article offers information on Nucsafe Inc., located at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. It states that Nucsafe develops fully integrated, active and passive radiation, neutron, gamma, and X-ray detection and measurement systems. Furthermore, it mentions that Nucsafe offers architectural solutions from the detector level to the user interfaces, that incorporate current technology including personal digital assistants (PDAs), wireless, and Bluetooth into complete end-user solutions.

The article reports on the development of an accurate gamma ray detector by scientists from the National Institute of Standards and Technology in the U.S. in 2006. It includes information on the key features and specifications of the technological innovation, as well as its primary applications in non-destructive testing.

The article focuses on the detailed observation of gamma-ray, x-ray, near-infrared, and optical spectra of the afterglow from a gamma-ray burst detected by telescopes aboard the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Swift satellite. The details detected may help to paint a picture of the universe 13 billion years ago. The burst alert telescope, the x-ray telescope, and the ultraviolet telescope enable satellite to do follow-up observations of gamma-ray burst.

Reports on the advantages of the fiberoptic neutron and gamma ray sensor developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington over its gas tube alternative.

The article discusses how a satellite system designed to detect nuclear bomb tests was able to measure gamma ray bursts in space. The detectors, code-named Vela Hotel, were designed by researchers at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, under the leadership of Ian Strong. The direction and source of gamma ray bursts were not found until 1997. A telescope at Mauna Kea in Hawaii photographed a spectrum of a burst's afterglow.