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•3D printing can provide CFRP with free carbon fiber allocation and orientation.•To obtain the higher-stiffness of the CFRP, the carbon fiber allocation and orientation are need the optimization.•Optimizing carbon fiber allocation and orientation becomes a significant combination problem.•The IFM-GA is developed as a new optimizing method for the carbon fiber of CFRP.•The IFM-GA can determine an optimal design of CFRP and can potentially promote 3D printing.