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While foodstagramming has received increasing scholarly interest, limited attention has been paid to customer engagement in the foodstagramming practice. Grounded in the customer-dominant logic, this study conceptualizes foodstagramming as customer engagement. Drawing upon social cognitive theory and cognitive evaluation theory, this study aims to investigate the foodstagramming mechanism. Collecting 335 valid surveys, this study employed partial least squares-structural equation modeling to analyze data. The findings revealed that food experiential value, social influence, and social media involvement positively affect customer engagement, except the impact of social media involvement on cognitive engagement. Customer engagement was found to activate behavioral intention toward local food and continuance intention toward foodstagramming, except the influence of behavioral engagement with foodstagramming on behavioral intention toward local food. This study provides theoretical implications for restaurant research and marketing literature and practical implications for industry practitioners.

ABSTRACTThis study explores the scientific evolution and the main aspects of vulnerability research in hospitality and tourism (HT) by employing bibliometric and content analysis. The findings reveal that climate change issues are the main driver of this multi-disciplinary area of research, followed by threats of disruptive events and issues related to the health and safety risks of marginal groups in HT. Vulnerabilities of tourism have been studied more extensively than vulnerabilities of hospitality. Although the threats analysed vary greatly, they are commonly narrowed to specific hazards and pressing issues. Notably, the vulnerability of HT in the context of COVID-19 has attracted considerable attention from scholars and may herald a new phase for this research area.

Sensitive detection of miRNA targets in complex biological samples possesses great value in biopsy analysis and disease diagnosis but is still challenging because of low abundance and nonspecific interferences. In this work, self-primer DNA polymerization-propelled stochastic walkers (SWs) were proposed to detect miRNA-24 by combining magnetic microbeads (MMBs) and flow cytometry. The MMBs not only provide a three-dimensional interface for DNA walkers but also facilitate the enrichment and isolation of RNA targets from complex biological samples such as serum. The SWs can be initiated to walk through the entire surface of MMBs and transduce RNA walking into amplified fluorescence signals, with the detection limit of miRNA-24 at 0.95 pM. Moreover, this strategy integrating with flow cytometry was demonstrated to have good specificity with other homologous miRNAs. This platform offers promising applications in RNA biosensing and biomedical diagnostics.

In this study, the evolution of Ω plates during artificial aging and the effect of peak-aging treatment and over-aging treatment on the thermal stability of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was shown that the diameter distribution of Ω plates in the over-aged sample was narrower compared to the peak-aged one, which suppressed the Ostwald ripening in the over-aged sample. In addition, the Ω plates in the over-aged sample has a larger aspect ratio than that in the peak-aged sample, which makes it more likely for the soft impinge to inhibit the growth of the Ω plates. Quantitative analysis showed that after heat exposure, Ω plates in the over-aged sample contributed more to the yield strength compared to peak-aged sample. This study shows that better thermal stability can be obtained in exchange for a little loss of room temperature mechanical properties, improving the application potential of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloys.

ABSTRACTThis study identifies those market segments that frequent state parks in Florida and, in particular, determines those segmentation “clusters” with a best fit for frequency of visitation, accommodation, and age. Two-Step Cluster Analysis and CHAID approaches to the determination of market segmentation are used. This study demonstrates the precision and multi-tree nature of CHAID analysis in that it offers additional levels of variation and distinctiveness for those marketing and managing tourism generally, and in the specific context of state parks. Rather than managing a homogenous “rural tourist”, through CHAID analysis, state parks can benefit from the fine-tuning of marketing messages, the more effective provision and location of accommodation stock, and enhanced efforts to attract out-of-state visitors.

This study intends to understand the impact of travel on life satisfaction for seniors by examining the relationship between travel motivations, travel constraints, travel satisfaction, leisure life satisfaction (LLS), and overall life satisfaction (OLS). Five hundred and nine elderly tourists in China were surveyed to achieve the objectives of the study. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among these constructs. The results show that motivations positively affect travel satisfaction. However, constraints do not impact travel satisfaction. Motivations and travel satisfaction positively influence LLS and OLS, while constraints only negatively influence OLS. In addition, LLS contributes to OLS among elderly Chinese tourists. This study further explores the moderating roles of travel duration and frequency in the proposed framework. Implications and recommendations are provided based on the results of the study.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of event experience on event satisfaction and intentions to return and recommend the destination. Design/methodology/approach: Relationships among constructs were tested on data gathered from 542 tourists during the America's Cup World Series held in South Italy in April 2013 by using a structural equation modeling approach. Moreover, a multigroup analysis was developed to test the possible moderator factors. Findings: The results revealed that event experience and event satisfaction had positive impacts on the intentions to recommend and return to the host destination. Moreover, nationality, gender and trip motivation emerged as important moderating factors in the relationships among the latent constructs. Research limitations/implications: The findings of this paper enrich the existing literature and help tourism destination marketers and managers consider the triggering factors of a satisfying mega-sports event for the host destination and the marketing power of the on-site experience. Practical implications: Practitioners should draw on the insights provided by this study to design destination strategies, particularly by paying attention to how an event experience causes an attendee to return to and recommend the host destination. Originality/value: This study enriches the existing event literature in several ways. First, it emphasizes the importance of the event experience to the satisfaction level and willingness to return and recommend the host destination for a vacation, supporting the link between an event and its destination. Second, it provides a moderating analysis that offers new insights for marketing the event experience. It offers a multilevel model of mega-event tourism legacy, which opens up new avenues of research. Third, complementing the consumer-based analysis, this research includes the trend of visits (after 2013 to the present) to examine how a mega-sport event has brought about more postevent visits.

This conference communication discusses insights from the 2nd USA-China Tourism Research Summit and Industry Dialogue, which took place in 2017. Results from focus group sessions among about 100 academic scholars and industry practitioners were textually analyzed. A framework was then developed to reveal the roles of technology, people, and organization in building a tourism destination experience. Implications for practice are provided.

Over the past decades there has been a sustained interest in country image and destination image constructs in two primary streams of literature, including international marketing and tourism. However, limited research in tourism has investigated the differences and interaction between these two constructs and their impacts on intention to visit. The current study addresses this gap by developing and testing a theoretical model that examines the relationships among the country and destination image of Cuba, a country that has continuous political conflicts with the US, and Americans’ intention to visit Cuba as a tourism destination. In addition, the moderating role of destination familiarity on the proposed relationships is examined. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is utilized to test the proposed model using data collected from 353 US residents. The results demonstrate that country image has a positive impact on destination image, and both country image and destination image positively influence intention to visit. A significant moderating effect of destination familiarity is also found on the relationships between country image and destination image, and destination image and intention to visit. This research provides valuable theoretical and practical implications for academics and practitioners in the field of destination marketing and management.

Understanding how tourists interpret authenticity is important for the marketing and management of heritage attractions. By engaging critical debate around the topic of existential authenticity, this study explores the influence of intrapersonal and interpersonal authenticities on cognitive, affective, and conative loyalties in heritage tourism. A survey was conducted at the Yongding Earth Buildings, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in southeastern China. Data analysis of 365 heritage visitors to the site, via PROCESS analysis, indicates that: (1) existential authenticity is an antecedent to tourists’ loyalty toward heritage sites; (2) neither intra- nor interpersonal authenticity directly contributes to conative loyalty; (3) intra- and interpersonal authenticity indirectly impact conative loyalty via cognitive loyalty and/or affective loyalty; and (4) affective loyalty has a stronger effect on conative loyalty than cognitive loyalty. Complementing the latest developments of existential authenticity in tourism, this study brings valuable theoretical insight to the area of heritage destination marketing and management.

ABSTRACTMounting attention has been focused on defects in macroautophagy/autophagy and the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) in cerebral ischemia. TFEB (transcription factor EB)-mediated induction of ALP has been recently considered as the common mechanism in ameliorating the pathological lesion of myocardial ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we explored the vital role of TFEB in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO)-mediated dysfunction of ALP and ischemic insult in rats. The results showed that ALP function was first enhanced in the early stage of the ischemic process, especially in neurons of the cortex, and this was accompanied by increased TFEB expression and translocation to the nucleus, which was mediated at least in part through activation by PPP3/calcineurin. At the later stages of ischemia, a gradual decrease in the level of nuclear TFEB was coupled with a progressive decline in lysosomal activity, accumulation of autophagosomes and autophagy substrates, and exacerbation of the ischemic injury. Notably, neuron-specific overexpression of TFEB significantly enhanced ALP function and rescued the ischemic damage, starting as early as 6 h and even lasting to 48 h after ischemia. Furthermore, neuron-specific knockdown of TFEB markedly reversed the activation of ALP and further aggravated the neurological deficits and ischemic outcome at the early stage of pMCAO. These results highlight neuronal-targeted TFEB as one of the key players in the pMCAO-mediated dysfunction of ALP and ischemic injury, and identify TFEB as a promising target for therapies aimed at neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia.Abbreviations: AAV, adeno-associated virus; AIF1/IBA1, allograft inflammatory factor 1; ALP, autophagy-lysosomal pathway; CQ, chloroquine; CTSB, cathepsin B; CTSD, cathepsin D; CsA, cyclosporin A; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; LAMP, lysosomal-associated membrane protein; LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAP2, microtubule-associated protein 2; mNSS, modified Neurological Severity Score; MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; OGD, oxygen and glucose deprivation; pMCAO, permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion; RBFOX3/NeuN, RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3; SQSTM1, sequestosome1; TFEB, transcription factor EB; TTC, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride.

This study brings attention to a neglected traveler segment, i.e. the rural-to-urban resettlers. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study examines important elements of their leisure travel experience, including destination activity participation, leisure travel motivations, motivation-activity linkages, and sense making of travel in relation to life changes. The unique psychological and behavioral characteristics of this traveler segment are thereby revealed. The findings are discussed in relation to life transitions and lifestyle changes caused by displacement and resettlement. As an initial report of Chinese urban resettled farmers’ destination experiences, this study has conceptual, practical, and policy-related implications.

Urban livability plays a crucial role in fostering place attachment and behavioural intentions. This study aims to investigate the relationships between livability, place attachment, and behavioural intentions among the citizens of Isfahan City. The data collected through Likert scale questions was analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results confirmed the multi-dimensionality of urban livability, encompassing six dimensions: urban security, convenience of public facilities, natural environment, socio-cultural environment, convenient transportation, and environmental health. Additionally, the SEM results revealed that place attachment mediates the effects of the six dimensions of urban livability on neighbourhood care: intention to stay, intention to support, and intention to recommend. Therefore, evaluating citizens’ perceptions can assist local governments in formulating appropriate policies to promote urban livability.

•Conference included five keynote presentations and two panel discussions by speakers from China and the US.•Focus group sessions suggested ways to improve Chinese tourists’ experiences when visiting the US.•Themes included improved cultural awareness, improved travel amenities, authentic food, market segmentation, differential marketing, and mobility.

Exhibition attachment is a burgeoning yet still under-examined concept. However, the internal mechanism of the black box of whether and how attendees' on-site experience influences exhibition loyalty through exhibition attachment remains unexplored. Specifically, this study divides the attendees' experience into on-site activity and on-site service. Based on stimuli-organism-response (SOR) theory, the dynamics between on-site experience, exhibition attachment, and exhibition loyalty are examined. Data were collected at a major annual exhibition in China. The results show that: 1) on-site activity and on-site service are positively correlated; 2) on-site activity positively influences both exhibition dependence and exhibition identity, with a greater effect on exhibition identity than exhibition dependence; 3) on-site service positively influences exhibition dependence but not exhibition identity; 4) exhibition dependence positively influences exhibition identity; 5) both exhibition dependence and exhibition identity positively influence exhibition loyalty, while exhibition identity has a greater effect. Finally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Purpose: Although much satisfaction research examines the role of demographics, few examine the phenomena of family cohesion or travel party composition and the role they play in influencing satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to leverage the two to further understand satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: Data from 400 vacationing families were analyzed to examine the factors of family cohesion, activity satisfaction and overall vacation satisfaction. Findings: Contrary to previous research, the results suggest that family cohesion is comprised of two primary factors: emotional bonding and decision making, family boundaries and coalitions. The findings suggest that family cohesion and activity satisfaction contributed to overall vacation satisfaction. However, as an addition to extant research, the findings demonstrate that travel party size moderated this relationship. Research limitations/implications: This research challenges findings of extant research on family cohesion and extends satisfaction research by introducing the effect of family cohesion and travel party composition. Both suggest and offer opportunities for future academic research. Practically speaking, this research also provides insight for practitioners as to why “travel party composition” should be regarded as an operative, rather than a descriptive term. Practical implications: Practically speaking, this research also provides insight for practitioners as to why “travel party composition” should be regarded as an operative, rather than a descriptive term. Given the results of this research, the moderating effect of travel party composition is an interesting academic finding. Operationalizing this component in practice is challenging. However, practitioners can take the knowledge of the positive relationships between family cohesion, participation in activities, and overall vacation satisfaction, as well as the moderating effect of travel party composition, into account when evaluating guest satisfaction scores, programming activities, and resolving guest issues. Originality/value: In addition to challenging findings of prior research, this research utilizes data gathered during family vacations; therefore not relying on recall or issues with memory effect. In addition, it extends existing research through the exploration of moderating variables. Finally, the research has practical implications for practitioners to attend to satisfaction of the increasing global family leisure market.

Stress is an inevitable part of university life. Understanding students' stress-coping behaviour is a topic of relevance to universities aiming to enhance student satisfaction with campus life and well-being in general. This research examined the dynamic relationships between student stress, anticipated leisure benefits, leisure participation and gender. The results have confirmed that anticipated leisure benefits are significantly related to student participation in leisure activities. While there seems to be no direct relationship between student stress and their leisure participation, perceived leisure benefits were shown to be a strong moderator in such a relationship. In this study, gender played a role in students' leisure-coping strategies.

The purpose of the study was to understand the travel safety concerns of international students in the USA and how the concerns influence their travel decision-makings. Through the analysis of textual data from 20 in-depth interviews, the study unearthed major safety concerns of international students in the USA. Results showed that the students demonstrated various safety concerns about transportation, accommodation, food and beverages, other travellers and selection of destinations. The students make a conscious effort to estimate risks and protect the physical body in an unfamiliar physical and cultural environment. They also use existing cultural beliefs and knowledge about destinations to determine if a place is either safe or risky to visit. The study yields theoretical implications for travel safety studies and practical ones for the travel and tourism industry.

Island destinations enable distinctive vacation experience due to special geological features. This study explores the dimensions and contribution of different components of island experience to the overall tourist satisfaction. It reveals a typology of six island vacation activities. They are adventure and exploring , culture appreciation , water’s caress , wedding events , relaxation and indulgence , and sociable sports . It also examines the contribution of activity satisfaction (the core aspect) to the overall satisfaction, in relation to satisfaction with other aspects of the island experience (the peripheral aspects). Results show that in comparison to the core aspect, the peripheral aspects exert a greater influence in generating satisfaction of the island experience. However, the strengths of the relationships vary across first time and repeat tourists. Such findings bear relevance for destination marketing planning and management. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

This study aims to examine the Chinese values and beliefs of water and provide insights into the Chinese market of cruise tourism. Chinese classical works on water are reviewed and synthesised through both cultural and historical angles, based on which a five-dimension framework is proposed on Chinese water culture in relation to cruise tourism. The five dimensions are origin of life , sustained energy , purity , freshness , and natural state of being . Two propositions are postulated to suggest Chinese tourists’ expectations and p for cruise vacations. Implications for the cruise industry are discussed. The study informs researchers and practitioners of unique perspectives in understanding Chinese tourists’ motivations, perceptions, expectations, preferences, and decision-making process, particularly for the cruise sector that witnesses a booming Chinese market.

Omamori are one-of-a-kind products provided at Japanese religious sites and are popular among visitors from all over the world. Drawing on the theoretical lens of reification, this study explored how visitors with different cultural and religious backgrounds interact with the world through material products in the context of religious tourism. A qualitative approach was taken to analyze online reviews through inductive thematic analysis. Findings revealed a ‘world-object-human’ framework of reification, in which visitors' interpretation (i.e. perceived religious power, secular value, and the mixture of religion and secular life) and meaning-making with omamori are explored. Results further showed the reification process manifested in omamori contributes to tourism experiences and cross-cultural understanding. Theoretical and practical implications were provided, followed by limitations and suggestions for future research.

This paper surveyed 620 respondents who visited Camel Xiangzi Museum (CXM) in Qingdao, China. The research extracted five factors from 18 travel motivations. The top three motivation factors are strongly associated with the author, his residence, and heritage. These three motivations are described as an acronym HAIR (heritage, author, intellectual, and residence). Based on the five motivation factors, the researchers grouped the visitors into three clusters: “Literary Motivated”, “Literary Inspired” and “Literary Neutral”. Literary Motivated visitors stayed comparatively longer than did the other two clusters. The cluster with the highest motivation factor scores also has the highest satisfaction. It was also found that the closer to CXM the visitors live, the higher the satisfaction. This paper contributes to the identification of a literary tourist typology to facilitate market segmentation and targeting.

This study focuses on Americans' perceptions of and intentional behaviors toward Cuba as a medical tourism destination. Using a survey-based quantitative method, the study examined the effects of Cuba's country image and destination image as well as the perceived cost and quality of its medical tourism services on intention to visit Cuba. The results showed that country image and perceived quality of medical tourism services had the greatest positive influence on Americans' intention to travel to Cuba for medical purposes. The study also supported the positive effect of destination image and the negative effect of perceived costs of medical tourism services on intention to visit Cuba. Lastly, the study findings revealed that the better the country and destination image of Cuba, the lower the perceived cost and the higher the perceived quality of its medical tourism services would be.

Perovskite-based double junction tandem solar cells, including perovskite/silicon, perovskite/perovskite, and perovskite/Cu(In, Ga)Se2, have received increasing attention in recent years. While most wide-band-gap perovskite solar cells so far were synthesized by the one-step deposition method which has a simple procedure but is hindered by its narrow antisolvent dripping time window, exploration of other method is in demand. In this study, a highly efficient wide-band-gap perovskite solar cell device with a bandgap of 1.63–1.65 eV has been successfully fabricated using the two-step sequential deposition method by optimizing the solution composition and the spinning speed of the second step. The best solar cell obtained has a power conversion efficiency of 20.35% and a fill factor (FF) of 81.53%, and is believed to be the first wide-band-gap solar cell device fabricated by the sequential deposition method with an efficiency over 20%. The obtained FF value is also pretty high among all reported perovskite solar cells fabricated by sequential deposition method. Our work indicates that sequential deposition method not only can be applied to the traditional narrow-band-gap perovskite solar cells but also has a potential for fabricating highly efficient wide-band-gap perovskite solar cells.