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Objective The aim of this study was to examine internal responsiveness and estimate minimally important differences (MIDs) for CLEFT-Q scales.Design In this prospective cohort study, participants completed the CLEFT-Q appearance and health-related quality of life (HRQL) scales before and six months after cleft-related surgery.Setting Seven cleft centres in Canada, USA and UK participated.Patients/Participants Patients were ages 8–29 years with CL/P.Interventions Patients underwent rhinoplasty, orthognathic or cleft lip scar revision surgery.Main Outcome Measure(s) Internal responsiveness was examined using Cohen's d effect sizes (ESs) based on the following interpretation: 0.20–0.49 small, 0.50–0.79 moderate and ≥ 0.80 large. MIDs were estimated using two distribution-based approaches.Results Participants had a rhinoplasty (n = 31), orthognathic (n = 21) or cleft lip scar revision (n = 18) surgery. Most participants were males (56%) and aged 8–11 years (41%). Following rhinoplasty, ESs were larger for the nose (0.92, p = 0.001) and nostrils (0.94, p < 0.001) scales than for the face scale (0.51, p = 0.003). MIDs ranged between 6.2–10.4. For orthognathic surgery, larger ES was observed for the jaws scale (1.80, p < 0.001) compared with the teeth (1.16, p < 0.001), face (1.15, p = 0.001) and lips (0.94, p < 0.001) scales. MIDs ranged between 5.9–14.4. In the cleft lip scar revision sample, the largest ES was observed for the nose scale (0.76, p = 0.03), followed by lips (0.58, p = 0.009) and cleft lip scar (0.50, p = 0.043) scales. MIDs ranged between 6.4–12.3.Conclusions CLEFT-Q detected change in key outcomes for three cleft-specific surgeries, providing evidence of its responsiveness. Estimated MIDs will aid in interpreting this PROM.

Author(s): Sıdıka Karaketir (corresponding author) [1]; Demet Şencan [1]; Serdar Çolakoğlu [1]; Deniz Şenol [1] The periocular region (PR) is an area of the human face that shows emotions and [...], Purpose: Anthropometric parameters related with the periocular region (PR) have gained great importance with the optical technology used in the treatment of eye defects. They have also become important parameters that determine the limits of treatment in aesthetic surgery procedures in PR and the treatment of orbital diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of PR measurements with somatotype. Methods: Somatotypes were determined by using the Heath-Carter method. Ten indirect anthropometric measurements, namely nasal root (mf-mf), outer chantal distance (ex-ex), inner chantal distance (en-en), interpupillary distance (p-p), right and left palpebral fissure width (ex-en), palpebral fissure height (ps-pi), and orbital height (os-oi), were taken from PR with Image J program. Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare data with each other. Post-hoc Mann-Whitney U test was used to find out which group caused statistically significant differences according to the results of the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between some indirect anthropometric measurements taken from PR and somatotypes (P < 0,05). This difference was found to result from central group somatotype, in which no somatotype component has different effects from another one, for both genders. In almost all of the indirect anthropometric measurements, it was found that balanced ectomorph somatotypes reached the highest median values, while central group somatotypes had the lowest median values. Conclusion: As a result of this study, somatotype affects the appearance of PR. It will be possible to obtain more accurate and reliable results in aesthetic surgery interventions and identification studies. Our study is the first and a pioneer in its field in the literature. It will inspire and guide future researchers, surgeons, anthropologists, and forensic doctors who will work in this field. Keywords: Anthropometry, inner chantal, periocular, skinfold, somatotype

Mouth injuries are common in children, but pediatricians may not feel confident in handling them. These guidelines can help you identify the problems, make timely referrals, and educate patients and [...]

The portrayal of the human form can be traced to approximately thirty thousand years. While the aesthetic criteria developed for the human face tend to emphasize secondary sexual characteristics and average ness; the depiction of the body reflects the innate need to exaggerate culturally desirable features at the expense of realism. Newer anthropometrical measurements of the human face challenge previously accepted canons of the classical period. Keywords: facial aesthetic criteria | anthropometric measurements, Introduction With the introduction of modern anaesthetic and surgical techniques, it has become possible to achieve major changes of the human face towards an 'ideal' that reflects current cultural values [...]

Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Materials And Methods Results Statistical Analysis Disscussion References Abstract This study proposes that acute remote preconditioning (ARIP) can effectively enhance random skin flap survival. The [...]