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The profitability of pheasants breeding is influenced by many factors, but eggs quality is considered as the backbone for successful pheasant breeding. The objective of this study was to determine and compare various quality characteristics (physical, morphological, and mechanical) of eggs from three pheasant subspecies: common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus colchicus), Mongolian pheasant (Phasianus colchicus mongolicus), and black pheasant (Phasianus colchicusvs. tenebrosus). A total sample of 180 eggs (60 eggs of each pheasant subspecies) was collected from pheasant hens kept in aviaries in their first year of production (43–47 wk of age). The average weight and volume of eggs from common pheasants was significantly lower (P˂ 0.05) than those from Mongolian and black pheasants. No significant differences between three pheasant subspecies were observed in albumen and yolk weight and percentage, while egg shell weight and percentage were significantly higher (P< 0.01) at eggs from black pheasants. In comparison to eggs from Mongolian and common pheasants, eggs from black pheasants had the thickest shell and the highest shell strength and required highest force to egg breaking. The values of breaking force and other mechanical characteristics depend on the direction of the loading force during egg compression. The data obtained by evaluating certain characteristics of egg quality can be useful to breeders when choosing a pheasant subspecies, as well as for choosing quality eggs for hatching and their storage.

We present experimental and theoretical differential cross sections for elastic electron scattering from xenon. Two independent measurements were carried out at (1) Chungnam National University for incident electron energies of 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 eV and scattering angles from 10° up to 180° and (2) the Institute of Physics in Belgrade for incident electron energies of 20, 30 and 50 eV and scattering angles from 10° up to 150°. While these latter measurements do not cover the full angular range up to 180°, they still extend somewhat higher in scattering angle than previous measurements. It would appear that the theoretical treatment of intermediate energy elastic scattering from xenon is sensitive to the inclusion of absorption effects, particularly at backward scattering angles. This observation plus the previous results for the case of krypton indicates that the role of absorption is generally quite important for the rare gases.

Differential cross sections (DCS) for electron-impact excitation of the 3s3p 1P1state in magnesium at incident electron energies E0= 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 eV have been measured and corresponding calculations carried out. Scattered-electron intensities were measured over a wide range of scattering angles (10°-150°) and normalized to the DCSs at 10° experimentally obtained by Filipovic et al(2006 Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 25166). Corresponding calculations have been conducted in the relativistic distorted-wave approximation. Integrated (integral, momentum transfer and viscosity) cross sections are determined by numerical integration of our DCSs. The results are analysed and compared with previous experimental data and theoretical calculations.

Differential cross sections (DCSs) for electron-impact excitation of the 4f146s6p3P1(2.231 eV) state of ytterbium have been determined experimentally at incident electron energies, E0= 10, 20 and 40 eV, and scattering angles (?) from 2° to 150° (at 10 eV from 10°). Also, DCSs for the 4f145d6s 1D2(3.432 eV) and 4f135d6s2(7/2, 5/2)1(3.578 eV) states at E0= 10 and 20 eV, and the 4f146s7p 1P1(5.029 eV) state at 20 and 40 eV have been measured. These measurements were performed at ? between 10° and 150° for the 4f145d6s 1D2and 4f135d6s2(7/2, 5/2)1states, and between 2° and 150° for the 4f146s7p 1P1state. The inelastic-to-reference inelastic (the 4f146s6p 1P1resonance state) intensity ratios were obtained from energy-loss spectra recorded with overall energy resolution of 65 meV (FWHM) and angular resolution of 1.5°. Using these ratios and DCSs for the reference state (Predojevic et al2005 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.381329) the absolute inelastic DCSs were determined. In this way the obtained DCSs were extrapolated to 0° and 180° and numerically integrated to yield integral, momentum transfer and viscosity cross sections. Our results are compared with available calculated values and experimental data.

The experimental and theoretical studies of elastic electron scattering by calcium atom have been made. The experimental investigation was carried out using a crossed electron-atom beam technique. The measurements were performed at electron-impact energies (E0) of 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100 eV and for a range of scattering angles (?) from 10° up to 150°. The absolute differential cross sections (DCSs) have been obtained from the elastic-to-inelastic (the resonant 41P0state) intensity ratio at ? = 10° at each E0. Calculations have been performed in the optical potential approximation for the same E0and ? between 0° and 180°. Results for DCSs and integrated (integral, momentum transfer and viscosity) cross sections are presented and compared with those predicted by existing calculations.

Elastic scattering of electrons by krypton atom was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Differential cross sections (DCSs) were measured at fixed incident energies from 20 eV to 80 eV as a function of scattering angle (10°-150°). From 100 eV, DCSs were measured as a function of both incident electron energy (100-260 eV) and scattering angle (30°-110°), in small steps around minima. The energy dependence of the angular positions of DCS minima was determined. Theoretical results were obtained in terms of a model of phenomenological complex potential with allowance for spin-orbit interaction. Two data sets were calculated, with and without an absorption potential, and compared to experimental results. The improvements and deteriorations in agreement with measurements upon inclusion of absorption effects are discussed.

Differential cross sections (DCSs) for electron-impact excitation of the 4f146s6p 1P1resonance state of ytterbium were measured at 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 eV incident electron energies (E0) and scattering angles (?) between 2° and 150°. The absolute DCS scale for the 1P1state was determined through normalization of its relative DCSs to the optical oscillator strength using the forward scattering function method. DCSs for elastic electron scattering by ytterbium were measured at the same energies for ? between 10° and 150°. Elastic-to-inelastic intensity ratios were obtained from energy-loss spectra recorded with overall energy resolution of 65 meV (FWHM) and angular resolution of 1.5°. Both inelastic and elastic DCSs were extrapolated to 0° and 180° and numerically integrated to yield integral, momentum transfer and viscosity cross sections. Our results are compared with scarce experimental and theoretical data.

Abstract: The excised patch clamp configuration provides a unique technique for some types of single channel analyses, but maintenance of stable, long-lasting preparations may be confounded by rundown and/or rapid loss of seal. Studies were performed on the amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel, located on the apical surface of A6 cells, to determine whether the nystatininduced open cell-attached patch could serve as an alternative configuration.Compared to excised inside-out patches, stable preparations were achieved more readily with the open cell-attached patch (9% vs. 56% of attempts). In both preparations, the current voltage (I-V) relation was linear, current amplitudes were equal at opposite equivalent clamped voltages, and E rev was zero in symmetrical Na+ solutions, indicating similar Na+ activities on the cytosolic and external surfaces of the patch. Moreover, there was no evidence that nystatin altered channel activity in the patch because slope conductance (3–4pS) and E rev (75 mV), when the bath was perfused with a high K:low Na solution (E Na=80 mV), were nearly equal in both patch configurations.Our results therefore indicate that the nystatininduced open cell-attached patch can serve as an alternative approach to the excised inside-out patch when experiments require modulation of univalent ions in the cytosol.

A new concept for active vibration absorption is presented. A properly designed compensator in the local feedback converts the well-known passive absorber into a bandpass absorber. Such an absorber amplifies frequencies in a given frequency range, thus almost producing resonance for all these frequencies. If such an absorber is attached to a vibrating body, it absorbs vibrations at all frequencies that belong to the bandpass range. The presented compensator design guarantees the stability of the system. The proposed concept needs an additional local control of the absorber mass displacement, which has also been resolved. The paper presents the idea, the design procedure, and the simulation results that prove the relevance of the solution.

A new closed-form expression for the coupling matrix elements in the multimode equivalent network that describes plane wave scattering from a planar periodic single-strip grating at a dielectric interface is presented. After solving a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind whose kernel has a logarithmic singularity, the coupling matrix elements are obtained in the form of certain ordinary integrals involving the Legendre polynomials, which can be evaluated analytically.