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Microorganisms, physical factors such as temperature or mechanical injury, and chemical factors such as free monomers from composite resin are the main causes of dental pulp diseases. Current clinical treatment methods for pulp diseases include the root canal therapy, vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontic therapy. Regenerative endodontic therapy serves the purpose of inducing the regeneration of new functional pulp tissues through autologous revascularization or pulp tissue engineering. This article first discusses the current clinical methods and reviews strategies as well as the research outcomes regarding the pulp regeneration. Then the in vivo models, the prospects and challenges for regenerative endodontic therapy were further discussed.

Numerous synergistic anticorrosion methods have attracted great research interest. A silicone-modified self-healing polyurethane composite coating, known as MXene@ fluorinated polyaniline, was synthesized through in situ polymerization of fluorinated polyaniline on the MXene surface using polydopamine to enhance the compatibility between the filler and the polyurethane coating. The anticorrosion efficiency of the coating was examined in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The synergistic effect of polyaniline passivation and the physical barrier effect of MXene indicated that even after 100 d of immersion, the impedance modulus of the composite coating at 0.01 Hz remained above 108Ω·cm2. Additionally, the introduction of disulfide linkages into the coating endowed it with self-healing properties. Owing to the superior photothermal capabilities of MXene, polyaniline, and polydopamine, the polyurethane coating exhibited self-healing abilities in the presence of sunlight. The coating retained its mechanical and anticorrosion properties both before and after the self-healing process. This approach integrates the synergistic effects of MXene, polyaniline, and dynamic disulfide bonds to meet the requirements of coatings in harsh environments, thereby prolonging the lifespan of metals.

The continuous development of the power industry has driven the increasing scale and complexity of power grids. There are critical nodes within these grids, the failure of which can easily lead to serious power system accidents. In order to effectively identify the critical nodes in a power grid, a critical nodes identification algorithm considering electrical topology and power flow distribution (ETPD-CNIA) is proposed. First, a node interaction model based on the line outage distribution factors is presented. Then, the model is introduced into the PageRank algorithm to calculate the node importance based on the electrical network topology. Finally, considering the node importance based on both the electrical network topology and the actual power flow distribution by an adaptive coefficient, the critical nodes are identified effectively. Simulations on the IEEE 39-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system show that, compared with existing algorithms, the proposed ETPD-CNIA is more effective and accurate in identifying critical nodes in the power grid.

ABSTRACT In this research, the particle size distribution (PSD) of different components in inter-ground Portland limestone cement (PLC) and limestone-slag cement (PLC-S) was characterization by using an electron microscopy approach. [...]

A lubricating oil additive for armored vehicle engine was synthesized by ultrasonic dispersion and physical blending with polyisobutylene and poly alpha olefin as polymer matrix, nanoBN and nanoALN as antifriction materials and polyisobutylene succinimide as surfactant. Polymer-based lubricating oil additive, hydroxyl magnesium silicate powder additive, commercial anti-wear repairing agent Goldway and commercial anti-wear protective agent Chief were dispersed into 10W-40 armored vehicle engine special lubricating oil according to a certain mass fraction. The dissolution stability of different lubricating oil additives in lubricating oil was investigated by standing test. The effects of ultrasonic time and temperature on the dispersion of different kinds of lubricating oil additives in lubricating oil are investigated by using ultrasonic disperser and particle size analyzer. The MDW-5G multifunctional end-face friction and wear tester is used to simulate the actual working process of cylinder liner-piston ring in armored vehicles during driving, and tribological tests were carried out under conventional working conditions to evaluate the tribological properties of different lubricating oil additives. Scanning electron microscope was used to measure and analyze the wear surface morphology and friction interface elements after tribological test, and the lubrication mechanism of lubricating oil additives is revealed. The results show that the polymer-based lubricating oil additive has good dissolution stability and dispersion in lubricating oil. Compared with pure lubricating oil, the average friction coefficient of lubricating oil containing 3wt% polymer-based additives is 0.085, and the friction coefficient decreases by 38.8%. During the friction process, polymer-based lubricating oil additives form a self-repairing oil film to cover the surface of the sample through a series of complex physical and chemical reactions, which reduces the friction and wear between the grinding pairs and improves the lubricating performance of lubricating oil.

It is vital to develop noninvasive approaches with high accuracy to discriminate the preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) group from the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) groups. Radiomics has emerged as an image analysis technique. This study aims to develop and confirm the new radiomics-based noninvasive approach to discriminate these two groups.

Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment. However, irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear. The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved, impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes. Additionally, ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified. Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes. Indeed, clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years. Based on the current evidence of studies, this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions. The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods, their effects, limitations, the paradigm shift, current indications, and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed. This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication, thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control, standardizing clinical practice, and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.

Flavor substances are crucial to the quality of soy sauce and closely related to the intermediate metabolites. This study systematically explored the dynamic changes in physicochemical characteristics, metabolomics and flavoromics during traditional Chinese soy sauce fermentation. The results indicated that the amino acid nitrogen gradually increased to 0.95 g/100 mL on the 13th day and then stabilized, and the changes of reducing sugars increased to 66.40 mg/mL on the 7th day and then slowly decreased. A total of 90 volatile compounds and 1172 non-volatile metabolites were detected. In the early fermentation period (1–7 day), alcohols, aldehydes and ketones were the main volatile compounds, but as fermentation proceeded, phenols and esters gradually accumulated. The total content of volatile compounds, mainly alcohols and phenols, reached the highest value on the 23rd day. Non-volatile metabolites were mainly amino acids, organic acids, lipids and carbohydrates, and the content and types of varied with fermentation time. KEGG analysis indicates there were significant changes in the proline and arginine metabolism in the middle and late periods (7–28 day) compared to the early fermentation period. Correlation analysis indicating a delicate balance between the transformation of metabolites and the formation of volatile compounds in traditional Chinese soy sauce.

Enterococcus faecalis(E. faecalis) is commonly considered to be one of chief culprits of secondary and persistent root canal infections. As antibiotic resistance has become a global issue, in order to reduce the use of antibiotics, metal ions have recently been widely used as an alternative. Silver ions (Ag+) have been proved to be a strong bactericide but with high cytotoxicity and discoloration property. Triton X-100 (TX-100) and Ag+were co-used for the first time as a clinical intracanal medication to obtain both enhanced antibacterial effect and low cytotoxicity. The synergistic antibacterial effect of TX-100 + Ag+was tested on both planktonic and biofilm-resident E. faecalison dentine. And the cytotoxicity was tested on MC3T3-E1 cells. Results confirmed the antibacterial activity against both planktonic and biofilm-resident E. faecaliswas dramatically improved after TX-100 incorporation. TX-100 and Ag+mixture demonstrated a similar inhibitory effect as the 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), while the cytotoxicity was much lower than 2% CHX (p< 0.05). In conclusion, TX-100 + Ag+mixture might be developed into a new effective intracanal medication as the 2% CHX.

Purpose: Present applications of artificial intelligence to white blood cell (WBC) classification tend to be an inefficient addition to medical diagnosis systems owing to slow image segmentation, lossy feature extraction and low classification accuracy. This study addresses this issue by developing a deep learning algorithm for conducting WBC classification automatically. Methods: Using whole slide images (WSIs) generated through an optical microscope, the proposed algorithm divides the WBC classification operation into two main components. First, threshold segmentation technology is applied directly to a raw WSI for segmenting all areas within the image that potentially represent WBCs. Second, the segmented regions of the image are input into an appropriately trained deeply aggregated convolutional neural network model for conducting the final WBC classification operations. Results: The proposed threshold segmentation process can locate and segment all possible WBC regions quickly. The accuracy of the classification process is enhanced by aggregating the convolutional features of different layers to better integrate spatial information and semantic information and realize the extraction of fine-grained features. Experiments involving a real-world dataset demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves an average WBC classification accuracy of 98.43%. In addition, the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by comparisons of its performance with those of currently available state-of-the-art algorithms. Conclusion: Applying the proposed algorithm directly to original WSIs greatly contributes to the accuracy of medical diagnosis systems.

Background: Rolling mill vibration has become one of the most widespread and unsolved problems in the rolling industry, which is called "Ghost" vibration. The research on the starting mechanism, vibration characteristics and vibration suppression measures of high-speed tandem rolling mill has always been a hotspot and difficult point in the field of rolling at home and abroad. However, up to now, the research on rolling mill vibration has not formed a relatively complete and widely accepted theoretical system, experimental means and solutions. In production, vibration is often controlled by experience and test, which has a high cost and low efficiency. Methods: In this paper, the research history and achievements of vibration phenomena, vibration mechanism, the stability of the rolling process and vibration control theory of high-speed tandem rolling mill in recent years are summarized. The aim is to reveal the mechanism of rolling mill vibration in the continuous rolling process, the mechanism of rolling mill non-linear vibration instability and its changing law, and to explore the optimization of rolling process and the control method of rolling mill structure so as to improve the rolling process. Results: The evolution of non-linear random torsional / bending vibration and its transfer mechanism to the space coupling vibration of the roll system, the unsteady dynamic friction characteristics of the rolling interface and the mechanism of induced roll chatter, and the non-linear random dynamic behavior of the space coupling vibration of the roll system are revealed. Conclusion: The stability of the rolling process can realize the research and development of highend products considering the stability of the rolling process, and also provide a reference for further research by industry experts.

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C15H14O2S, monoclinic, P21/c(no. 14), a= 13.5881(11) Å, b= 7.3129(9) Å, c= 13.3284(11) Å, β= 96.125(7)°, V= 1316.9(2) Å3, Z= 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0570, wRref(F2) = 0.1402, T= 293 K.

A novel method for the separation and reclamation of vanadium and chromium from acidic solution was proposed. The principle for the separation is based on selective complexation. In specific, V(V) can be complexated by dithiocarbamate to form VO(R1R2NCS2)3precipitate, leaving Cr(III) remained in the acidic solution. Then the reclamation of V and Cr from VO(R1R2NCS2)3precipitate and Cr(III)-bearing solution can be reached by decomplexation and neutralization, respectively. The kinetics of the complexation reaction was studied. In addition, the precipitation ratio of vanadium reached 97% and the loss of chromium was less than 4% after process optimization. The complexing agent could be regenerated with a high ratio of 99.5%. The method was successfully applied to treating chromium–vanadium-bearing slag produced in conventional vanadium production industry. Vanadium and chromium could be extracted from the slag in the form of calcium vanadate and Cr2O3product with a purity of over 98%.

The dental operative microscope has been widely employed in the field of dentistry, particularly in endodontics and operative dentistry, resulting in significant advancements in the effectiveness of root canal therapy, endodontic surgery, and dental restoration. However, the improper use of this microscope continues to be common in clinical settings, primarily due to operators’ insufficient understanding and proficiency in both the features and established operating procedures of this equipment. In October 2019, Professor Jingping Liang, Vice Chairman of the Society of Cariology and Endodontology, Chinese Stomatological Association, organized a consensus meeting with Chinese experts in endodontics and operative dentistry. The objective of this meeting was to establish a standard operation procedure for the dental operative microscope. Subsequently, a consensus was reached and officially issued. Over the span of about four years, the content of this consensus has been further developed and improved through practical experience.

Cassava is a crucial crop that makes a significant contribution to ensuring human food security. However, high-quality telomere-to-telomere cassava genomes have not been available up to now, which has restricted the progress of haploid molecular breeding for cassava. In this study, we constructed two nearly complete haploid resolved genomes and an integrated, telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of an excellent cassava variety, ‘Xinxuan 048’, thereby providing a new high-quality genomic resource. Furthermore, the evolutionary history of several species within the Euphorbiaceae family was revealed. Through comparative analysis of haploid genomes, it was found that two haploid genomes had extensive differences in linear structure, transcriptome features, and epigenetic characteristics. Genes located within the highly divergent regions and differentially expressed alleles are enriched in the functions of auxin response and the starch synthesis pathway. The high heterozygosity of cassava ‘Xinxuan 048’ leads to rapid trait segregation in the first selfed generation. This study provides a theoretical basis and genomic resource for molecular breeding of cassava haploids.

Wise healthcare is a typical application of wireless sensor network (WSN), which uses sensors to monitor the physiological state of nursing targets and locate their position in case of an emergency situation. The location of targets need to be determined and reported to the control center, and this leads to the localization problem. While localization in healthcare field demands high accuracy and regional adaptability, the information processing mechanism of human thinking has been introduced, which includes knowledge accumulation, knowledge fusion and knowledge expansion. Furthermore, a fuzzy decision based localization approach is proposed. Received signal strength (RSS) at references points are obtained and processed as position relationship indicators, using fuzzy set theory in the knowledge accumulation stage; after that, optimize degree of membership corresponding to each anchor nodes in different environments during knowledge fusion; the matching degree of reference points is further calculated and sorted in decision-making, and the coordinates of several points with the highest matching degree are utilized to estimate the location of unknown nodes while knowledge expansion. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm get better accuracy performance compared to several traditional algorithms under different typical occasions.

The spherical plain bearing test bench is a necessary detecting equipment in the research process of self-lubricating spherical plain bearings. The varying environmental temperatures cause the thermal deformation of the wear-depth detecting system of bearing test benches and then affect the accuracy of the wear-depth detecting data. However, few researches about the spherical plain bearing test benches can be found with the implementation of the detecting error compensation. Based on the self-made modular spherical plain bearing test bench, two main causes of thermal errors, the friction heat of bearings and the environmental temperature variation, are analysed. The thermal errors caused by the friction heat of bearings are calculated, and the thermal deformation of the wear-depth detecting system caused by the varying environmental temperatures is detected. In view of the above results, the environmental temperature variation is the main cause of the two error factors. When the environmental temperatures rise is 10.3 °C, the thermal deformation is approximately 0.01 mm. In addition, the comprehensive compensating model of the thermal error of the wear-depth detecting system is built by multiple linear regression (MLR) and time series analysis. Compared with the detecting data of the thermal errors, the comprehensive compensating model has higher fitting precision, and the maximum residual is only 1 μm. A comprehensive compensating model of the thermal error of the wear-depth detecting system is proposed, which provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the real-time wear-depth detecting precision of the spherical plain bearing test bench.

Different molar ratio of HfB2 and ZrB2 had been mixed, and 30 vol.% SiC was selected as sintering additives. The mixing powders were sintered by hot pressing at 1900 °C for 1 h under a pressure of 20 MPa in Ar atmosphere. X-ray diffraction, scanning microscopy and Archimedes’s method were used to characterize the phase, microstructure and density of the sintered composites. Meanwhile, the hardness, the fracture toughness and flexural strength of the obtained composites were considered too. It can be found that the (Zr,Hf)B2 solid solutions were formed by HfB2 and ZrB2 during the sintering. The flexural strength of (Zr,Hf)B2-SiC composites increased with the amount of HfB2 increasing, which reached (332±40) MPa for the composites content of 70% HfB2. Which fracture toughness was (2.22±0.25) MPa·m1/2. The highest Vickers’ harness of was (24.8±3.4) GPa for the composites content of 50% HfB2.

The effects of SiCp addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZTA ceramics was investigated by microwave sintering. Partially stabilized zirconia（3Y-ZrO2）nanopowder containing SiCp was prepared by microwave pyrolysing precursor which was was achieved by co-precipitation method. The powders of alumina, yttria partially stabilized zirconia containing SiCp were mixed to prepare ZTA ceramics green body by die pressing and cold isostatic pressing and subsequently sintered at the range of 1350°C-1550°C for 30min by microwave. XRD revealed that 3Y-ZrO2/SiC powder contained more tetragonal phase than 3Y-ZrO2 powder which was also confirmed by SEM and particle size distribution. The phenomenon was because of SiCp forming the microwave heating spot that promoted pyrolysis progress when 3Y-ZrO2/SiC powder was prepared by microwave heating. Microstructure showed that the grain of ZTA ceramics had directional growth by microwave sintering. SiCp firstly absorbed microwave that made more uniform sintering of ZTA ceramics and caused local oriented growth of zirconia and alumina. Thus, the bending strength of ZTA ceramics was higher than ZTA without SiCp. The ladder type heating mode of microwave sintering ZTA ceramics reduced relatively sintering time by 20min due to the addition of SiCp.Introduction

A novel adsorbent, CS-MA-DETA microspheres, for uptake of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions was first fabricated via two-step grafting methyl acrylate (MA) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) onto chitosan (CS) microsphere surface in the absence of cross-linkers. CS-MA-DETA microspheres of 3.04 μm in mean diameter were of uniformly wrinkle-like topography sketched out by SEM, whose surface after decoration by MA and DETA was stable and beneficial to metal ion capture. Its chemical composition, microstructure, and thermal property were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, XRD, BET, and TGA techniques, and the achieved quantitative results mainly included C/N ratio (4.76), crystallinity (31.20%, 19.75% of CS), specific surface area (27.806 m2g–1), pore diameter (3.452 nm), and mass loss at the first stage (3%, around 10% of CS), which indicated a successful synthesis, well-defined structure, and good thermostability. Adsorption tests of CS-MA-DETA microspheres were performed in Pb(II) and/or Cd(II) solution(s) at various pH values, contact time, and initial concentrations, exhibiting an excellent adsorption capability. Its maximum adsorption capacity calculated by Langmuir model was 239.2 mg Pb(II)/g, or 201.6 mg Cd(II)/g, which was higher than those of most available CS-based adsorbents. Furthermore, several adsorption kinetic and isotherm models were employed to investigate its uptake behavior, implying that it was mainly a monolayer adsorption and chemisorption process. Five-cycle reusability tests demonstrated CS-MA-DETA microspheres could be repeatedly used without significant capacity loss (<10%). Additionally, several potential bonding modes and adsorption sites for both metal ions were also proposed. Overall, CS-MA-DETA microspheres with outstanding adsorption performance toward Pb(II) and/or Cd(II) might serve as a new absorbent for wastewater purification.

: Advanced pancreatic cancer (APC) is a fatal disease with limited treatment options. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) as adjuvants for radiotherapy (RT) in APC and compare their treatment potentials using network meta-analysis.

Abstract:The Islamic State, also known as ISIS or ISIL, is the mostextreme manifestation of a Muslim response to the history of the past few centuries. The mystery of ISIS attracts both academic scholars and political decision-makers to debate drastically. This essay attempts to illuminate three issues of ISIS: the nature of ISIS, the relationship between ISIS and European Muslims, and US strategy towards ISIS. Firstly, ISIS is much more a terrorist organization than a functioning terrorist political entity. Secondly, the phenomenon of many European Muslims joining and fighting for ISIS has numerous reasons: not only because of the failure of the top-down integration policies of European countries, but also the bottom-up maladjustment of European Muslims; not only on account of the internal structural problems on the identity, but also the external stimulating factors, such as “anti-Islamism” or “Islamophobia”. Thirdly, in the guidance of its “ambiguous” strategy towards ISIS, US implements “multilateral” policies and “limited” measures against ISIS. In conclusion, this essay analyzes the impacts of ISIS on the regional and international order as well as its security.

To verify the resistance to moisture damage of warm mix rubber asphalt mixture, the splitting strength test of warm mix rubber asphalt mixture (WMRAC-13) was conducted under different immersion time and immersion temperature. Test results show that freeze-thaw splitting strength of warm mix rubber asphalt mixture meets the requirement of moisture stability. The immersion splitting strengths in 60°C and 4°C decline with the extension of immersion time. The immersion splitting strengths in 60°C decline faster than those in 4°C. The best fitting function of immersion splitting strengths with immersion time obeys second-order polynomial and power function respectively, and their correlations are the best. The inflection point of attenuation curves is 3th day and 20th day respectively.

In this study, Aspergillus niger1107 was isolated and identified as an efficient phosphate-solubilizing fungus (PSF). This strain generated 689 mg soluble P L−1NBRIP medium after 10 d of culture. To produce an affordable biofertilizer using A. niger1107, the potential of widely available carrier materials for growth and maintenance of this strain were evaluated. The effects of sterilization procedures (autoclaving and gamma-ray irradiation) on the suitability of these carriers to maintain growth of the fungus were also investigated. The carrier materials were peat, corn cobs with 20% (w/w) perlite (CCP), wheat husks with 20% (w/w) perlite (WHP), and composted cattle manure with 20% (w/w) perlite (CCMP). In the first 5–6 mon of storage, the carriers sterilized by gamma-ray irradiation maintained higher inoculum loads than those in carriers sterilized by autoclaving. However, this effect was not detectable after 7 mon of storage. For the P-biofertilizer on WHP, more than 2.0×107viable spores of A. nigerg−1inoculant survived after 7 mon of storage. When this biofertilizer was applied to Chinese cabbage in a pot experiment, there were 5.6×106spores of A. nigerg−1soil before plant harvesting. In the pot experiment, Chinese cabbage plants grown in soil treated with peat- and WHP-based P-biofertilizers showed significantly greater growth (P<0.05) than that of plants grown in soil treated with free-cell biofertilizer or the CCMP-based biofertilizer. Also, the peat- and WHP-based P-biofertilizers increased the available P content in soil.

Clonal operator which can reserve the elites is introduced in the selection step of traditional genetic algorithm (GA) to accelerate the local convergence speed. Chaotic search which is randomness and ergodicity is applied in crossover and mutation operators to avoid the algorithm stopping at a local extreme value. The above hybrid GA is called chaotic clonal GA (CCGA) which can overcome the instability of optimizing processes and results in traditional GA by the certainty of chaotic trajectory. The CCGA is applied to solve the problem of load balance routing in differentiated service networks. The routing optimization model is created and the optimizing objective is load balance and small path length. The simulation results show that CCGA has fast convergence speed and high stability. It can meet the requirements of important business routings.

Coking wastewater contains high concentration of refractory and toxic compounds. The effluent quality usually cannot meet the discharge limits after single conventional biological treatment processes. In order to find more effective coking wastewater treatment process, a serious hybrid treatment process were reviewed in this paper, which include: anoxic-anaerobic-oxic(A2/O) combined with membrane bioreactor (MBR); Fe/C micro electrolysis combined with Fenton process. Fenton oxidation combined with biologically process. Wastewater quality and operating parameters were compared. Through this review, we found that hybrid process is more efficiency to treat coking wastewater.

Due to the presence of complicated and considerable amounts of toxic compounds such as phenolic compounds, thiocyanate and ammonium, coal gasification wastewater (CGW) would cause a serious environmental problem. Conventional treatment of CGW includes a series of biological treatment (mostly anoxic-aerobic process and activated sludge process) after a physico-chemical pretreatment to reduce the concentrations of phenols and ammonium. Although quite effective, these processes are still not enough to meet the strict requirements of the National Discharge Standard of China. To find more efficient way to treat CGW, a serious of hybrid processes were reviewed in this study. Through this review we found that A2O combined with MBR (anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic membrane reactor) can effectively remove COD, total organic carbon, NH4+ -N, total phenols and total nitrogen (TN).

Nickel sulfide (NiS) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) hybrid photocatalysts were prepared via a simple and reproducible in situ template-free ion-exchange process. The physical and photophysical properties of the g-C3N4/NiS hybrid photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microcopy (HRTEM), and ultraviolet visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and photoelectrochemical (PEC) experiments indicate that the NiS cocatalysts can efficiently promote the separation of photogenerated charge carriers in g-C3N4and consequently enhance the H2evolution activity. The g-C3N4/NiS-1.5 mol % sample shows the highest photocatalytic activity, and the corresponding H2evolution rate is 44.77 μmol h–1, which approached that of optimal 2.0 wt % Pt/g-C3N4(47.61 μmol h–1). A possible photocatalytic mechanism of NiS cocatalysts on the improvement of the photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4is proposed and supported by PL and PEC results. The g-C3N4/NiS shows high stable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution ability under visible light irradiation.

The composite microspheres with Ni cores and amorphous TiO2 shells (Ni@TiO2) were synthesized by a one-pot solvothermal method at 180°C for 15 h, which used nickel chloride hexahydrate as Ni source andtetrabutyl orthotitanate as Ti source. The Ni/TiO2 core/shell composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). A possible formation mechanism of core-shell Ni/TiO2 was proposed. Furthermore, the microwave absorption properties of these microspheres were investigated in terms of complex permittivity and permeability. The minimum reflection loss is-29.5 dB at 14.4 GHz for a layer of 4.0 mm thickness. Such phenomenon is attributed to the synergy effect between magnetic loss of Ni core and dielectric loss of amorphous TiO2 shell. The enhanced microwave absorption properties are also believed to be due to the unique coreshell structure. All results indicate that these Ni@TiO2 microspheres may be attractive candidate materials for electromagnetic wave absorption applications.

SiCp/Cu composites were prepared by vacuum hot-pressing at 770°C for 1.5 h under the pressure of 30MPa. The composites were enhanced by CNTs with different volume fractions from 0 vol. % to 4 vol. %. Three-step approach wrapping process was introduced to prepare composite powders. XRD and SEM techniques were used to characterize the samples. It is found that the core-shell structure composed of SiC core and Cu shell was formed in the composite particles. Optimized volume fraction of CNTs is 1 vol. %. Minimum Porosity and maximum Hardness is about 0.84% and 2.31GPa, respectively. But maximum Flexural strength was measured as 248MPa for samples containing 2 vol. % CNTs. Flexural strength was improved by the bridge effect caused by the increased CNTs.

A facile onestep in situ chemical deposition method was introduced to synthesize Ni coated SiC composite powders, which used NiCl2·6H2O as nickel source and N2H4·H2O as reductant, respectively. SiC(Ni)/Fe composites were prepared by current-vacuum hot-pressed sintering at 850°C, 40MPa for 30min. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the structure, morphology and composition of the prepared Ni/SiC core/shell composite powders. It is found that the Ni coated SiC is favorable to improve the dispersion and compatibility of SiC(Ni)/ Fe composites. By a series of contrast experiments, it is shown that the sintering sample with 5wt% of SiC(Ni) has the best mechanical properties. The relative density, Vickers hardness and bending strength is 91.67%, 4.72GPa and 508MPa, respectively.

In this study, glassy phase is formed by SiO2-K2O addition to serve as amorphous grain boundary transition layer. SiC (SiO2-K2O) / Cu composite material were prepared by two-step coating method and hot pressing sintered below 770°C, 30MPa for 1.5h, using α-SiC as main reinforced phase, SiO2-K2O as grain boundary and Cu as matrix. The Cu-SiC volume ratio was 75:25. The SiO2 contents were 5vol.%, 10vol.%, 15vol.%, 20vol.% and 25vol.% of the total volume of the SiC / Cu. XRD and SEM techniques were used to characterize the composite particles and the sintered compacts; Archimedes method, Vickers hardness tester, universal testing machine to test the apparent porosity of the composite materials, the Vickers hardness and the bending strength, respectively. The results showed that with increasing of glassy phase contents, the Vickers hardness and the bending strength first rise and then drop, at the same time, it shows the opposite tendency for the apparent porosity. The sintering samples with the SiO2 content of 15vol.% have the optimum mechanical properties, the Vickers hardness reached 1.49 GPa, and the bending strength was close to 235 MPa.

ZrB2-Cu composite is a new electrical contact materials in the integration of high conductivity, high wear resistance and good mechanical strength. In this paper, ZrB2-Cu composites were prepared by hot-pressing sintering at 800~900 °C under a pressure of 20 MPa.The densification of ZrB2-Cu composites was improved by the addition of nickel using an electroless metal plating technique. X-ray diffraction and scan electron microscopy were used to analyze the phase and microstructure of ZrB2-Cu composites. The results showed that ZrB2-Cu composites with 60 vol % Cu which was sintered at 900 °C had a higher relative density, highest flexural strength of 381 MPa and higher hardness of 2.16 GPa(HV). ZrB2-Cu composites with 50 vol % Cu which was sintered at 900 °C had higher flexural strength of 297 MPa and the highest hardness of 2.66 GPa.

Porous silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics green were prepared by sol-gel and freeze drying processing. Al2O3 and MgO were selected as sintering additives. Porous Si3N4 ceramics were sintered at 1200~1300 °C. The porosity of porous Si3N4 ceramics reached 60~80%, the pore size of porous Si3N4 ceramics dried by freeze drying is less than 5μm. Two kinds of pores were formed, including open pores with pore size of 1~5μm and closed pores pore size with the nanometer level. The compression strength of porous Si3N4 ceramics was 15~25MPa. Thermal conductivity of porous Si3N4 ceramics was 0.08-0.1 W/m·K.

The industrial watchcases of 5Y-Tetragonal ZrO2 were prepared by microwave sintering. Samples were sintered in a microwave chamber with TE666 resonant mode at 2.45GHz. The sintering temperature was from 1250°C to 1400°C. XRD and SEM techniques were used to characterize the samples. It is found that microwave sintering improved the phase change from t-ZrO2 to m-ZrO2. Dense and homogeneous microstructure was obtained within the microwave-sintered samples and the average grain size was about 500nm. Compared to conventional sintering, microwave-sintered samples show higher density and hardness. And microwave-sintered samples were performed 130°C lower temperature. Optimized sample with the density of 6.1 g/cm3 and Vickers Hardness of 16.2MPa is microwave-sintered at 1350°C for 30min.

In this project, coal fly ash was transformed into ceramic materials by adding a certain amount of fusing agent. Ash samples were compacted and sintered with the addition of potassium carbonate (K2CO3·1/2H2O) under a suitable sintering temperature range. Mineralogy and microstructure of the obtained products were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electronic microscope techniques respectively. The results indicate that K2CO3·1/2H2O facilitates the transformation of mullite and quartz phases above 800°C, and the mineralogy phases of the product is leucite (KAlSi2O6) and potassium aluminum silicate (KAlSiO4). In the process, K+ interacts with oxygen atom and destroys the original lattice. The regular morphology of the sintered samples was confirmed by the observation under SEM, which reveals a uniform dense ceramic is formed at 900°C with the 40wt% addition of K2CO3·1/2H2O.

CaO(15%)-ZrO2 nano-powders were prepared by microwave pyrolysis in a multi-model chamber at the temperature ranging from 650°C to 800°C, with the precursor processed at different reaction temperature from 0°C to 80°C by chemical co-precipitation method. XRD and SEM techniques were used to characterize the phase transition and micrograph of powders. It is found that the content of m-ZrO2 phase decreased with the increasing of reaction temperature and pyrolysis temperature. The high dispersed and superfine nano-powders were obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of 750°C for 20 min at 80°C. And only cubic ZrO2 phase were detected in CaO (15%)-ZrO2 powders and the average size of the powders is about 41 nm.

A fast method of microwave pyrolysis was provided to prepare α-Al2O3 powders. Aluminum hydroxide and Aluminum ammonium sulfate doclecahydrate were used as raw materials to obtain α-aluminum oxide powder by microwave pyrolysis, respectively. Thermo-Gravimetric/Differential Thermal Analyzer (TG/DTA) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis were employed to investigate pyrolysis process and the transformation of metastables Al2O3 in the process of heating different precursors. Meanwhile, Flied Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) was applied to observe microstructure and grain growth, and the phase composition was characterized by XRD. The results indicated that the high purity α-Al2O3 was obtained which met the demands of market, and the sample obtained from aluminum hydroxide performed high purity, small particle size and, while the sample from ammonium aluminum sulfate showed lower purity and larger grain size.

Hollow-spherical WO3 nanocrystals were obtained by calcining an organic-inorganic W-C precursor containing C and W in a microwave oven or in a conventional muffle furnace, and the W-C precursor hybrid precursor was synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by XRD, TG-DTA, FTIR and SEM. The morphologies of the WO3 samples obtained by conventionally heating (C-WO3) and microwave-assisted heating (M-WO3) were compared. The average diameter and shell thickness of C-WO3 hollow spheres is about 450 and 200 nm, respectively. The average diameter and shell thickness of M-WO3 hollow spheres is about 500 and 50 nm, respectively. The M-WO3 has a loose and multilayered shell, and their nanoparticles are smaller than those of C-WO3. The improved structure of M-WO3 is due to shorter heating time and the unique heating style in a microwave oven. The gas-sensing performances of the WO3 sensors were investigated. The M-WO3 sensor has better response to ethanol vapors than the C-WO3.

Corrugated steel web continuous rigid frame bridge is a new form of bridge. Using the finite element analysis software Midas Civil to analyze dynamic characteristics of the corrugated steel web continuous rigid frame bridge in a method of subspace iron and the nonlinear dynamic time history analysis method is used to analyze the seismic performance of the bridge, then compared with the ordinary concrete web continuous rigid frame bridge. The results show that the natural frequency of the corrugated steel web continuous rigid frame bridge is smaller than that of the concrete web continuous rigid frame bridge, and the seismic performance of the corrugated steel web continuous rigid frame bridge is superior to that of concrete web continuous rigid frame bridge, the improvement of the seismic performance of piers is most significant.

In 2009, the state offered relevant resolutions to build Shanghai into an international shipping center with global shipping resources allocation capacity, which gave fresh impetus to the development of Shanghai shipping center and have helped Shanghai rank the 2010 world 1st in container handling capacity. This paper will estimate the efficiency of Shanghai shipping industry from 2000 to 2010 using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and then evaluate Shanghai shipping center construction objectively and comprehensively through against cross-evaluation analysis and super-efficiency analysis. The results show that they are all technologically effective except the years of 2007 and 2008. Among technically effective years, the article concludes that the year 2009 was the optimal one through against cross-evaluation analysis whose experience is worth popularizing. The conclusion reveals that in future development of Shanghai shipping center, the government-led center development system should be transformed while paying more attention to promote the development of shipping information technology, high-end shipping services and shipping-related talent.

Objective To investigate the effect of perioperative blood pressure variability on cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid artery stenting.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of data collected from 418 patients who underwent carotid artery stenting in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital in China. The blood pressure data were collected during operation (after balloon dilation, before stent release, after stent release) and within 3 days after the operation. The blood pressure variability was evaluated by measuring the mean, maximum, minimum, max–min, standard deviation (SD) of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The correlation between blood pressure variability and cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome was analysed.Results Blood pressure data from 418 patients were analysed. Twenty patients (4.8%) developed cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome. The parameters of blood pressure variability were divided into four groups according to quartile. After adjusting for age, symptomatic carotid stenosis, unilateral carotid stenosis, bilateral carotid stenosis, collateral circulation, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, multivariate analysis showed that SBPMax, SBPMin, SBPMax−Min, SBPCV, DBPSD, DBPMax, DBPMin, DBPMax−Minand DBPCVwere associated with the occurrence of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (P< 0.05), respectively.Conclusion This study suggests that blood pressure variability during the perioperative period may increase the risk of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome.

Poland syndrome is a rare congenital developmental deformity characterized by unilateral agenesis or hypoplasia of thoracic wall soft tissue. We report two adult cases of Poland syndrome detected by computed tomography (CT) images. CT images of the two cases depicted an asymmetric chest wall with the absence of a breast and agenesis of the pectoralis muscles. A physical examination of case 1 showed a thin right chest wall with depression of the right nipple region. Hand deformities were also observed, including brachydactyly and syndactyly. In case 2, hand deformities were not found in a physical examination. Using multi-planar reconstruction, the size, position, origin, and termination of bilateral pectoral muscles could be compared symmetrically. For patients with Poland syndrome, a timely diagnosis and treatment are important. The use of chest CT in clinical practice could play an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment of Poland syndrome.

As a Cloud computing platform, Hadoop has huge advantages in Data mining. The main aspects of Hadoop for data mining are discussed. A technical framework for big data mining based on Hadoop is analyzed.

To successfully prepare drug delivery system, nanoparticles (NPs) with simple and effective method avoiding use of potentially toxic solvent and components, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) was chosen as a model low molecular weight chemotherapeutic drug and 5-Fu- loaded NPs were prepared with the lecithin emulsified method following the alginate solidification and chitosan aggregation. Prescription was optimized by orthogonal experiment. The resultant 5-Fu NPs had a spherical structure with a diameter about 200 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of 5-Fu NPs is 55.36 ± 1.10%. The loading capacity is 4.22 ± 0.14%.

The last step of ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants is to convert 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene by ACC oxidase (ACO). In our investigation, a cross-introns genomic DNA gene encoding ACC oxidase, PsgACO, was isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa. It revealed that PsgACO(FJ855434) has 1281 bases, containing four exons and three introns, encoding 312 amino acids. The four exons stretched from 1 to 105, 217 to 434, 592 to 925 and 1000 to 1281 bases. A splicing junction sequence of all the exon-introns conformed to the GT-AG rule in the cross-intron genomic DNA sequence of the ACOgene. PsgACOshowed high homology to many characterized ACC oxidases both at the nucleic acid and amino acid levels. As well, twelve amino acid residues were conserved among many ACOs from other species. A phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the amino acid of ACOs is quite conserved among the different eudicots. The phylogenetic tree showed that both the tree peony and herbaceous peony are quite isolated taxa. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the molecular weight of ACO is 35.29 kD, with a theoretical pI of 5.25. It is a non-secrete, stable hydrophilic protein, located in the cytoplasm.The last step of ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants is to convert 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene by ACC oxidase (ACO). In our investigation, a cross-introns genomic DNA gene encoding ACC oxidase, PsgACO, was isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa. It revealed that PsgACO(FJ855434) has 1281 bases, containing four exons and three introns, encoding 312 amino acids. The four exons stretched from 1 to 105, 217 to 434, 592 to 925 and 1000 to 1281 bases. A splicing junction sequence of all the exon-introns conformed to the GT-AG rule in the cross-intron genomic DNA sequence of the ACOgene. PsgACOshowed high homology to many characterized ACC oxidases both at the nucleic acid and amino acid levels. As well, twelve amino acid residues were conserved among many ACOs from other species. A phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the amino acid of ACOs is quite conserved among the different eudicots. The phylogenetic tree showed that both the tree peony and herbaceous peony are quite isolated taxa. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the molecular weight of ACO is 35.29 kD, with a theoretical pI of 5.25. It is a non-secrete, stable hydrophilic protein, located in the cytoplasm.

By using the DSD-160 dynamic triaxial apparatus, liquefaction experiments under random seismic loading of the saturation original samples from a passenger rail line which located in the loess tableland in china was tested. Based on the test results, connected with the forecasting method of the liquefaction test under random seismic loading and the results of seismic hazard analysis, the liquefaction potential of the saturation loess from different regions in the passenger rail line is distinguished. Moreover, the predictions include 50 years probability of exceedance 10% and 2%of the loess liquefaction potential of the sites mentioned above is obtained.

The core of airplane lifecycle data management is BOM management in the product lifecycle. Aiming at the problem of nonunique data source existing in airplane lifecycle, the paper proposes the airplane BOM management hierarchical system framework based on Single Source of Product Data ( SSPD) and the corresponding technology. The logical unified SSPD is constructed to guarantee the uniqueness of lifecycle data. According to the diversity and complexity of airplane，customer options management and BOM management based on SSPD, are discussed emphatically in the context.

This paper describes a speech pre-processing and feature extraction methods and described the principle of generalized regression neural network (GRNN). In order to use neural networks for speech recognition, this article uses the variable frame-shift average frame method to average the characteristic parameters of the collected voice frame, and the feasibility of the variable frame-shift average frame method in neural network input parameters normalization is verified by experiments. In this paper, according to this method, the speech recognition based on the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) successfully ported to an embedded system, and realized the pipe climbing robot’s real-time speech control.