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ABSTRACTThis conclusion relates the articles in this special issue—which focus on European migration control regimes from the 19thcentury to the present—to two recent trends in the historiography of migration regulation: the impact of research on the early modern period and of global perspectives. Both can lead to a conceptualization of borderlands beyond zones surrounding a frontier, which may lead to additional research questions.

Außenpolitik scheint auf den ersten Blick ein klar definiertes Feld zu sein: Sie ist die Aufgabe spezifischer Institutionen wie Außenministerien und Botschaften und durch bestimmte Praktiken wie Diplomatie gekennzeichnet. Dieser knappe historische Überblick diskutiert die Problematik dieses Verständnisses in historischer Perspektive und schlägt anhand einiger Beispiele vor, Außenpolitik als eine Praxis zu denken, die ihren Gegenstand und damit ihre Akteure selbst konstituiert, indem sie bestimmte (Macht-, Rechts-, Politik-)Beziehungen als „innere“, andere als „auswärtige“ markiert. Foreign policy appears to be a clearly defined subject at first sight: it is the business of institutions like foreign ministries and embassies and carried out in specific practices such as diplomacy. This contribution will problematize this notion in a brief historical overview and propose an alternative notion based on the practice of boundary drawing. As a political practice of boundary drawing, foreign policy constitutes its own actors by labeling specific relations (of power, law or politics) as “internal” and others as “external”.

NIGEL SPIVEY. The Ancient Olympics.New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Pp. xxi, 273. $39-95 (CDN). Reviewed by Onno M. van NijfKAUSHIK ROY. From Hydaspes to Kargil: A History of Warfare in India from 326 BC to AD 1999.New Delhi: Manohar, 2004. Pp. 283. Rs 595. Reviewed by Pradeep BaruaNATHAN ROSENSTEIN. Rome at War: Farms, Families, and Death in the Middle Republic.Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2004; dist. Toronto: SBS. Pp. x, 339. $45.00 (us). Reviewed by Elena IsayevHENRY CHADWICK. East and West: The Making of a Rift in the Church: From Apostolic Times until the Council of Florence.New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Pp. x,306. $203.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Ian WoodCHRISTOPHER TYERMAN. Fighting for Christendom: Holy War and the Crusades.New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Pp. xv, 247. $37.50 (CDN). Reviewed by Jonathan Riley-SmithMARGARET L. KEKEWICH and SUSAN ROSE. Britain, France, and the Empire, 1350–1500.Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. Pp. xxiii, 308. $23.95 (us), paper. Reviewed by John FranceOM PRAKASH. Bullion for Goods: European and Indian Merchants in the Indian Ocean Trade, 1500–1800.New Delhi: Manohar, 2004. Pp. 426. Rs 850. Reviewed by Anthony DisneyHARRO HÖPFL. Jesuit Political Thought: The Society of Jesus and the State, c.1540–1630.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. xii, 406. $90.00 (us). Reviewed by John Patrick Donnelly, SJRICHMOND BARBOUR. Before Orientalism: London's Theatre of the East, 1576–1626.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. xii, 238. $75.00 (us). Reviewed by Lawrence ManleyLYNN A. STRUVE, ed. The Qing Formation in World-Historical Time. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Asia Center, Harvard University Press, 2004. Pp. xiv, 412. $49.50 (us). Reviewed by John W. DardessFA-TI FAN. British Naturalists in Qing China: Science, Empire, and Cultural Encounter.Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2004. Pp. xi, 238. $49–95 (us). Reviewed by Peter C. PerdueKRISTINA BROSS. Dry Bones and Indian Sermons: Praying Indians in Colonial America.Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2004. Pp. x, 357. $21.95 (us), paper. Reviewed by Daniel K. RichterRAFAEL DE BIVAR MARQUESE. Feitores do corpo, missionários da mente: Senhores, letrados e o controle dos escravos nos Américas, 1660–1860.Sao Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2004. Pp. 479. R$66.oo. Reviewed by Enrico Dal RagoJAMES PRITCHARD. In Search of Empire: The French in the Americas, 1670-1730.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. xxvii, 484. $75.00 (us). Reviewed by John G. ReidJOHN D. GRAINGER. The Amiens Truce: Britain and Bonaparte, 1801–1803.Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2004. Pp. xi, 222. $85.00 (us). Reviewed by Simon BurrowsTIMOTHY HAWKINS. José de Bustamante and Central American Independence: Colonial Administration in an Age of Imperial Crisis.Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2004. Pp. xxviii, 283. $40.00 (us). Reviewed by Mark A. BurkholderJON KUKLA. A Wilderness So Immense: The Louisiana Purchase and the Destiny of America.New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003; dist. Toronto: Random House of Canada. Pp. x, 430. $45.00 (CDN). Reviewed by H. W. BrandsJULIAN GWYN. Ashore and Afloat: The British Navy and the Halifax Naval Yard before 1820.Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, 2004; dist. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Pp. xvii, 366. $60.00 (CDN), clodi; $35.00 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Daniel A. BaughTREVOR R. GETZ. Slavery and Reform in West Africa: Toward Emancipation in Nineteenth-Century Senegal and the Gold Coast.Athens: Ohio University Press; and Oxford: James Currey, 2004. Pp. xix, 257. $65.00 (us). Reviewed by Gregory MannANDREAS NEHRING. Orientalismus und Mission: Die Repräsentation der tamilischen Gesellschaft und Religion durch Leipziger Missionare, 1840–1940.Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2003. Pp. 500. €48.00. Reviewed by Penelope CarsonBRUCE L. BATTEN. To the Ends of Japan: Premodern Frontiers, Boundaries, and Interactions.Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2003. Pp. xiii, 337. $39.00 (us). Reviewed by Mark J. HudsonCHARLES DESNOYERS, trans, widi an intro. A Journey to the East: Li Gui's A New Account of a Trip around the Globe.Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2004. Pp. xii, 320. $70.00 (us). Reviewed by Richard J. SmithISABEL V. HULL. Absolute Destruction: Military Culture and the Practices of War in Imperial Germany.Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2005. Pp. xi, 384. $45.00 (us). Reviewed by Holger H. HerwigJOHN C. G. RÖHL. Wilhelm II: The Kaiser's Personal Monarchy, 1888–1900,trans. Sheila de Bellaigue. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. xxi, 1,287. $150.00 (us). Reviewed by Lamar CecilJAMES BENNETT. ‘Rats and Revolutionaries’: The Labour Movement in Australia and New Zealand, 1890–1940.Dunedin: University of Otago Press, 2004; dist. Portland, OR: ISBS. Pp. 214. $39.95 (us), paper. Reviewed by Donald DenoonTONY KUSHNER. We Europeans? Mass-Observation, ‘Race’, and British Identity in the Twentieth Century.Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, 2004. Pp. xi, 281. $99.95 (us). Reviewed by Martin FrancisMIRA WILKINS. The History of Foreign Investment in the United States, 1914-1945.Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2004. Pp. xxvi, 980. $95.00 (us). Reviewed by Alfred E. EckesTANJA LUCKINS. The Gates of Memory: Australian People's Experiences and Memories of Loss and the Great War.Fremande: Curtin University Books, 2004; dist. Portland, OR: ISBS. Pp. 304. $26.95 (us). Reviewed by Christina TwomeyPHILIP AYRES. Owen Dixon.Melbourne: Miegunyah Press, Melbourne University Publishing, 2003; dist. Chicago: Paul & Company. 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GraftS. P. MACKENZIE. The Colditz Myth: British and Commonwealth Prisoners of War in Nazi Germany.New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Pp. xiv, 446. $57.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Barbara Hately-BroadSTEPHEN G. FRITZ. Endkampf: Soldiers, Civilians, and the Death of the Third Reich.Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. xvii, 382. $57–75 (CDN). Reviewed by Jill StephensonJAMES C. VAN HOOK. Rebuilding Germany: The Creation of the Social Market Economy, 1945–1957.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. xiv, 312. $70.00 (us). Reviewed by Gary HerrigelPATRICK IRELAND. Becoming Europe: Immigration, Integration, and the Welfare State.Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2004. Pp. xii, 274. $27.95 (us)> paper. Reviewed by Judith RoosbladWILLIAM J. DAUGHERTY. Executive Secrets: Covert Action and the Presidency.Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004. Pp. xxiii, 298. $32.50 (us). Reviewed by James C. Van HookHERMAN LEBOVICS. Bringing the Empire Back Home: France in the Global Age.Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2004. Pp. xvi, 232. $29.95 (us). Reviewed by Donald ReidGERT OOSTINDIE and INGE KLINKERS. Decolonizing the Caribbean: Dutch Policies in a Comparative Perspective.Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2003; dist. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Pp. 291. $35.00 (us), paper. Reviewed by Helen HitjensNICHOLAS TARLING. International Students in New Zealand: The Making of Policy since 1950.Auckland: New Zealand Asia Institute, University of Auckland, 2004. Pp. 238. $35.00 (NZ), paper. Reviewed by Ann TrotterMICHAEL J. COHEN. Strategy and Politics in the Middle East, 1954–1960.London and New York: Frank Cass, 2005. Pp. xiii, 272. $65.00 (us); CLIVE JONES. Britain and the Yemen Civil War, 1962–1965: Ministers, Mercenaries, and Mandarins: Foreign Policy and the Limits of Covert Action.Brighton and Portland: Sussex Academic Press, 2004. Pp. ix, 273. $69.95 (us). Reviewed by Tore Tingvold PetersenCIHAT GÖKTEPE. British Foreign Policy towards Turkey, 1959–1965. London and New York: Frank Cass, 2003. Pp. xii, 236. $59.60 (us). Reviewed by Nur Bilge CrissMARTIN KOFLER. Kennedy und Österreich: Neutralität im Kalten Krieg.Innsbruck: Studien Verlag, 2003. Pp. 181. €19.50, paper. Reviewed by Ronald J. GranieriALICE L. GEORGE. Awaiting Armageddon: How Americans Faced the Cuban Missile Crisis.Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2003; dist. Toronto: SBS. Pp. xxiii, 238. $49.50 (CDN). Reviewed by G. F. GoodwinHOWARD JONES. Death of a Generation: How the Assassinations of Diem and JFK Prolonged the Vietnam War.New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Pp. x, 562. $56.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Ralph B. LeveringGIL FEILER. Economic Relations between Egypt and the Gulf Oil States, 1967–2000: Petro-Wealth and Patterns of Influence.Brighton and Portland, OR: Sussex Academic Press, 2003. Pp. xx, 407. $69.95 (us). Reviewed by Robert LooneyJUSSI HANHIMÄKI. The Flawed Architect: Henry Kissinger and American Foreign Policy.New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. Pp. xxii, 554. $39.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Richard C. ThorntonDAVID FARBER. Taken Hostage: The Iran Hostage Crisis and America's First Encounter with Radical Islam.Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2005. Pp. viii, 212. $22.95 (us). Reviewed by James A. BillPATRICIA MARCHAK. Reigns of Terror.Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2003. Pp. xi, 306. $27.95 (CDN)> paper; BENJAMIN A. VALENTINO. Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the Twentieth Century.Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2004. Pp. viii, 317. $29.95 (us). Reviewed by Otis L. ScottJOHN LEWIS GADDIS. Surprise, Security, and the American Experience.Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2004. Pp. viii, 150. $18.95 (us). Reviewed by Ronald SteelJEREMI SURI. Power and Protest: Global Revolution and the Rise of Detente.Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2003. Pp. viii, 355. $29.95 (us). Reviewed by Michael GeyerJOHN HAGAN. Justice in the Balkans: Prosecuting War Crimes in the Hague Tribunal.Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2003. Pp. xxiii, 274. $29.00 (us). Reviewed by Paul R. WilliamsNATHAN E. BUSCH. No End in Sight: The Continuing Menace of Nuclear Proliferation.Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004. Pp. xiv, 490. $40.00 (us). Reviewed by Sumit GangulyBRUCE CRONIN. Institutions for the Common Good: International Protection Regimes in International Society.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. viii, 234. $75.00 (us), cloth; $25.00 (us), paper. Reviewed by Linda B. MillerSTEPHEN BIDDLE. Military Power: Explaining Victory and Defeat in Modern Battle.Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2004. Pp. xi, 337. $37.50 (us). Reviewed by Ted HopfBOB MILWARD. Globalisation? Internationalisation and Monopoly Capitalism: Historical Processes and Capitalist Dynamism.Cheltenham and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2003. Pp. viii, 198. $85.00 (us). Reviewed by Björn HettneIDO OREN. Our Enemies and US: America's Rivalries and the Making of Political Science.Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2003. Pp. xii, 234. $29.95 (us). Reviewed by David N. GibbsJEFFREY W. TALIAFERRO. Balancing Risks: Great Power Intervention in the Periphery.Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2004. Pp. xviii, 304. $39.95 (us). Reviewed by Richard J. HarknettRICHARD W. BULLIET. The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization.New York: Columbia University Press, 2004. Pp. viii, 187. $24.50 (us). Reviewed by Johannes J.G. JansenP. W. SINGER. Corporate Warriors: The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry.Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2003. Pp. xi, 330. $39.95 (us). Reviewed by Kim Richard NossalBRADLEY A. THAYER. Darwin and International Relations: On the Evolutionary Origins of War and Ethnic Conflict.Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004. Pp. xiv, 425. $40.00 (us). Reviewed by Johan M.G. van der DennenBENJAMIN R. BARBER. Fear's Empire: War, Terrorism, and Democracy.New York and London: W. W. Norton, 2003. Pp. 220. $23.95 (us). Reviewed by William C. WohlforthD. SCOTT BENNETT and ALLAN C. STAM. The Behavioral Origins of War.Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2004. Pp. xii, 289. $24.95 (us), paper. Reviewed by Jack Snyder

G. E. R. LLOYD. The Ambitions of Curiosity: Understanding the World in Ancient Greece and China.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xvi, 175. $22.00 (US), paper; GEOFFREY LLOYD and NATHAN SIVIN. The Way and the Word: Science and Medicine in Early China and Greece.New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2002. Pp. xvii, 348. $35.00 (US); $22.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by Paul S. CartledgeFRANÇOIS CHAMOUX. Hellenistic Civilization, trans. Michel Roussel (in cooperation with Margaret Roussel). Oxford and Maiden: Blackwell, 2003. Pp. xii, 452. $67.95 (US). Reviewed by Daniel OgdenRAYMOND VAN DAM. Kingdom of Snow: Roman Rule and Greek Culture in Cappadocia.Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. viii, 290. $82.50 (CDN). Reviewed by Arthur M. EcksteinCYRIL MANGO, ed. The Oxford History of Byzantium.New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Pp. xviii, 334. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Sebastian BrockROBERT MORRISSEY. Charlemagne and France: A Thousand Years of Mythology, trans. Catherine Tihanyi. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2003. Pp. xii, 391. $40.00 (US). Reviewed by H. E. J. CowdreyMALCOLM BARBER and KEITH BATE, eds. The Templars: Selected Sources Translated and Edited.Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002; dist. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. Pp. xiv, 350. $29.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by John FranceIAN ROBERTSON. Tyranny under the Mande of St Peter: Pope Paul II and Bologna.Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2002. Pp. x. 245. €55.00. Reviewed by David NicholasGÁBOR KLANICZAY. Holy Rulers and Blessed Princesses: Dynastic Cults in Medieval Central Europe,trans. Éva Pálmai. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xviii, 490. $95.00 (US). Reviewed by Diana WebbFlNN-ElNAR ELIASSEN, JØRGEN MlKKELSEN, and BJØRN POULSEN, eds. Regional Integration in Early Modern Scandinavia.Odense: Odense University Press, 2001; dist. Portland: ISBS. 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ShowalterEDMUND S. MORGAN. Benjamin Franklin.New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2002. Pp. xi, 339. $24.95 (US). Reviewed by Lawrence S. KaplanANDREAS FAHRMEIR, OLIVIER FARON, and PATRICK WEIL, eds. Migration Control in the North Atlantic World: The Evolution of State Practices in Europe and the United States from the French Revolution to the Inter-War Period.New York: Berghahn, 2003. Pp. xiii, 322. $75.00 (US). Reviewed by Donald Harman AkensonPAUL ROBERT MAGOCSI. The Roots of Ukrainian Nationalism: Galicia as Ukraine's Piedmont.Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002. Pp. xi, 214. $50.00 (CDN). Reviewed by George O. LiberJEREMY KING. Budweisers into Czechs and Germans: A Local History of Bohemian Politics, 1848–1948.Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2002. Pp. xv, 284. $39.50 (US). Reviewed by Gary B. CohenSUSAN J. FERNANDEZ. Encumbered Cuba: Capital Markets and Revolt, 1878–1895.Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. xii, 203. $92.50 (CDN). Reviewed by Franklin W. KnightSHIRLEY ARDENER, ed. with commentaries. Swedish Ventures in Cameroon, 1883–1923: Trade and Travel, People and Politics: The Memoir of Knut Knutson, with Supporting Material.New York: Berghahn, 2002. Pp. xv, 288. $79.95 (US), cloth; $29.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by John FlintJ. L. GRANATSTEIN. Canada's Army: Waging War and Keeping the Peace.Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002. Pp. xv, 519. $50.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Ken ReynoldsPETER MANGOLD. Success and Failure in British Foreign Policy: Evaluating the Record, 1900–2000.Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2001. Pp. viii, 243. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by John CharmleyCLEMENT M. HENRY and ROBERT SPRTNGBORG. Globalization and the Politics of Development in the Middle East.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Pp. xxi, 258. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Roger OwenPETER HOLQUIST. 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Der deutsche Widerstand gegen Hitler: Wahmehmung und Wertung in Europa und den USA.Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2002. Pp. 300. €49.90. Reviewed by Andreas FahrmeirRONALD W. ZWEIG. The Gold Train: The Destruction of the Jews and the Second World War's Most Terrible Robbery.London: Allen Lane, The Penguin Press, 2002. Pp. xxiii, 311. £20.00. Reviewed by Norman J. W. GodaDAVID M. GLANTZ. The Battle for Leningrad, 1941–1944.Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2002. Pp. xxiii, 660. $39.95 (US). Reviewed by Catherine AndreyevANTONIO VARSORI and ELENA CALANDRI, eds. The Failure of Peace in Europe, 1943–48.Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. xii, 342. $72.00 (US). Reviewed by Leopoldo NutiEMIKO OHNUKI-TIERNEY. Kamikaze, Cherry Blossoms, and Nationalisms: The Militarization of Aesthetics in Japanese History.Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2002. Pp. xvii, 411. $20.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by Karl F. FridayWILLIAM HENRY POPE, MC. Leading from the Front: The War Memoirs of Harry Pope.Waterloo: The Laurier Centre for Military Strategic and Disarmament Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, 2002. Pp. xxiv, 248. $24.00 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Desmond MortonT. FUJITANI, GEOFFREY M. WHITE, and LISA YONEYAMA, eds. Perilous Memories: The Asia-Pacific War(s).Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2001. Pp. vi, 462. $19.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Jeffrey G. BarlowROGER BUCKLEY. The United States in the Asia-Pacific since 1945.New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. x, 258. $65.00 (US), cloth; $23.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by Akira IriyeJ. N. DIXIT. India-Pakistan in War and Peace.London and New York: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 501. $27.50 (US). Reviewed by Sumit GangulyJON V. KOFAS. The Sword of Damocles: US Financial Hegemony in Colombia and Chile, 1950–1970.Westport: Praeger, 2002. Pp. xix, 238. $64.95 (US). Reviewed by Paul W. DrakeWILLIAM STUECK. Rethinking the Korean War: A New Diplomatic and Strategic History.Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 285. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by James I. MatrayBRENT BYRON WATSON. Far Eastern Tour: The Canadian Infantry in Korea, 1950–1953.Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2002. Pp. xiii, 238. $34.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Steven Hugh LeeJOHN A. NAGL. Counterinsurgency Lessons from Malaya and Vietnam: Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife.Westport: Praeger, 2002. Pp. xxi, 249. $67.95 (US). Reviewed by Philip E. CattonBRUNA BAGNATO, ed. I Diari di Luca Pietromarchi: Ambasciatore Italiano a Mosca (1958–1961).Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 2002. Pp. 1,446. €49.00, paper. Reviewed by Mario Del PeroNORRIE MACQUEEN. United Nations Peacekeeping in Africa since 1960.London and New York: Longman, 2002. Pp. xiii, 308. £19.99, paper. Reviewed by David BirminghamWILLIAM MALEY. The Afghanistan Wars.Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. ix, 340. $65.00 (US), cloth; $19.95 (US), paper. Ludwig W. AdamecAMY BASS. Not the Triumph but the Struggle: The 1968 Olympics and the Making of the Black Athlete.Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002. Pp. xxi, 438. $27.95 (US). Reviewed by Geoffrey S. SmithJOSEPH T. STANIK. El Dorado Canyon: Reagan's Undeclared War with Qaddafi.Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2003. Pp. xvi, 319. $34.95 (US); OFIRA SELIKTAR. Failing the Crystal Ball Test: The Carter Administration and the Fundamentalist Revolution in Iran.Westport: Praeger, 2000. Pp. xxi, 245. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Bruce R. KuniholmWALLACE J. THIES. Friendly Rivals: Bargaining and Burden-Shifting in NATO.Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, 2003. Pp. xvi, 350. $72.95 (US), cloth; $28.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Stanley R. SloanSTEPHEN CLARKSON. Uncle Sam and Us: Globalization, Neoconservatism, and the Canadian State.Toronto: University of Toronto Press; Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 2002. Pp. viii, 534. $35.00 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by B. W. MuirheadKURT WEYLAND. The Politics of Market Reform in Fragile Democracies: Argentina, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela.Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2002. Pp. xvi, 335. $39.50 (US). Reviewed by Jeremy AdelmanKARI LEVITT. Silent Surrender: The Multinational Corporation in Canada.Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2002, new ed. Pp. xlvii, 193. $24.95 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Steven GlobermanMICHAEL D. KENNEDY. Cultural Formations of Post-Communism: Emancipation, Transition, Nation, and War.Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002. Pp. ix, 369, $24.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Andrew C. JanosHUBERT TWORZECKI. Learning to Choose: Electoral Politics in East-Central Europe.Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003. Pp. xi, 290. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Ray TarasWILL KYMLICKA and MAGDA OPALSKI, eds. Can Liberal Pluralism be Exported? Western Political Theory and Ethnic Relations in Eastern Europe.New York: Oxford University Press, 2001; repr., 2002. Pp. xvii, 439. $152.50 (CDN). Reviewed by Andrew C. JanosBULENT ARAS. The New Geopolitics of Eurasia and Turkey's Position.London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2002. Pp. viii, 110. $24.50 (US), paper. Reviewed by Stephen BlankOWEN BENNETT JONES. Pakistan: Eye of the Storm.New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2002. Pp. xix, 328. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Ayesha JalalRANDALL HANSEN and PATRICK WEIL, eds. Dual Nationality, Social Rights, and Federal Citizenship in the US and Europe: The Reinvention of Citizenship.New York: Berghahn, 2002. Pp. ix, 341. $75.00 (US), cloth; $25.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by John TorpeyANDREW J. BACEVICH and ELIOT A. COHEN, eds. War over Kosovo: Politics and Strategy in a Global Age.New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. Pp. xvi, 223. $22.50 (US), paper. Reviewed by Christopher LayneARTHUR JAY KLINGHOFFER and JUDITH APTER KLINGHOFFER. International Citizens' Tribunals: Mobilizing Public Opinion to Advance Human Rights.Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. Pp. x, 256. $49.95 (US). Reviewed by J. G. MerrillsPAUL G. HARRIS, ed. The Environment, International Relations, and US Foreign Policy.Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2001; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. ix, 276. $41.25 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Paul F. DiehlSUSAN ARIEL AARONSON. Taking Trade to the Streets: The Lost History of Public Efforts to Shape Globalization.Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2001. Pp. xvi, 264. $19.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Jane RelseyRICHARD SANDELL, ed. Museums, Society, Inequality.London and New York: Routledge, 2002. Pp. xx, 268. $28.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Gordon FyfeKAREN PIPER. Cartographic Fictions: Maps, Race, and Identity.New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 220. $23.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by Norman EtheringtonCOLIN S. GRAY. Strategy for Chaos: Revolutions in Military Affairs and the Evidence of History.London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2002. Pp. xvi, 310. $52.50 (US). Reviewed by Geoffrey BlatneyFIONA TERRY. Condemned to Repeat? The Paradox of Humanitarian Action.Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 282. $19.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Stephen A. GarrettBERTRAND M. ROEHNER and TONY SYME. Pattern and Repertoire in History.Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press, 2002. Pp. xii, 413. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by William R. Thompson

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New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii, 369. $64.95 (US), cloth; $24.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by David C. WrightI. S. ROBINSON. Henry IV of Germany, 1056–1106. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. 408. $69.95 (US). Reviewed by Uta-Renate BlumenthalWILHELM BAUM. Die Verwandlungen des Mythos vom Reich des Priesterkönigs Johannes: Rom, Byzanz und die Christen des Orients im Mittelalter. Klagenfurt: Tangenten, Verlag Kitab, 1999. Pp. 438. DM 42.00, paper. Reviewed by Bernard HamiltonJOHN GILLINGHAM. Richard I. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 378. $30.00 (US). Reviewed by Nick BarrattJOHN W. O'MALLEY. Trent and All That: Renaming Catholicism in the Early Modern Era. Cambridge, Mass, and London: Harvard University Press, 2000. Pp. 219. $24.95 (US). Reviewed by Hilmar PabelKATHRYN BURNS. Colonial Habits: Convents and the Spiritual Economy of Cuzco, Peru. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1999. Pp. xi, 307. $17.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Kendall W. BrownPAUL C. ALLEN. Philip III and the Pax Hispanica, 1598–1621: The Failure of Grand Strategy. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000. Pp. xvi, 335. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Peter O. PiersonDANIEL M. SWETSCHINSKI. Reluctant Cosmopolitans: The Portuguese Jews of Seventeenth-Century Amsterdam. London: Littman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2000; dist. Portland: ISBS. Pp. xii, 380. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Herman Prins SalomonENRIQUETA VILA VILAR and ALLAN J. KUETHE, eds. Relaciones de Poder y Comercio Colonial: Nuevas Perspectivas. Seville: Escuela de Estudios Hispano-Americanos, and Lubbock: Texas Tech University, 1999. Pp. xv, 304. PTA. 2,500. Reviewed by Christon I. ArcherFREDERICK QUINN. The French Overseas Empire. Westport: Praeger, 2000. Pp. xx, 292. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by A. S. Kanya-ForstnerJAMES SCOTT WHEELER. Cromwell in Ireland. New York: Palgrave, 1999. Pp. x, 305. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Jane OhlmeyerCHRISTOPHER STORRS. War, Diplomacy, and the Rise of Savoy, 1690–1720. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xiv, 345. $69.95 (US). Reviewed by Paola BianchiPAMELA KYLE CROSSLEY. A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999. Pp. xiv, 403. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Susan NaquinEDHEM ELDEM, DANIEL GOFFMAN, and BRUCE MASTERS. The Ottoman City between East and West: Aleppo, Izmir, and Istanbul. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xvi, 244. $59.95 (US). Reviewed by Ira M. LapidusKENNETH POMERANZ. The Great Divergence: Europe, China, and the Making of the Modern World Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. Pp. x, 382. $39.95 (US). Reviewed by William T. RoweERIK J. ZÜRCHER, ed. Arming the State: Military Conscription in the Middle East and Central Asia, 1775–1925. London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 1999; dist. New York: Palgrave. Pp. 168. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Caroline FinkelDORIS Y. KADISH, ed. Slavery in the Caribbean Francophone World: Distant Voices, Forgotten Acts, Forged Identities. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2000. Pp. xxiii, 247. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Teresita Martínez VergneGEOFFREY WAWRO. Warfare and Society in Europe, 1792–1914. London and New York: Roudedge, 2000. Pp. x, 246. $25.99 (US), paper. Reviewed by Keith JefferyKEVIN WARD and BRIAN STANLEY, eds. The Church Mission Society and World Christianity, 1799–1999. Grand Rapids and Richmond, UK: William B. Eerdmans and Curzon, 2000. Pp. xviii, 382. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Gerald Studdert-KennedyREBECCA A. EARLE. Spain and the Independence of Colombia, 1810–1825. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 2000. Pp. ix, 254. £37.50. Reviewed by David BushnellFERNANDO LÓPEZ-ALVES. State Formation and Democracy in Latin America, 1810–1900. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 295. $17.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Eduardo Posada-CarbóC. M. WOOLGAR, ed. Wellington Studies II. Southampton: Hartley Institute, University of Southampton, 1999. Pp. ix, 252. £7.50, paper; C. M. WOOLGAR, ed. Wellington Studies III. Southampton: Hardey Institute, University of Southampton, 1999. Pp. x, 300. £7.50, paper. Reviewed by John K. SevernLUDWIG RITTER VON HÖHNEL. Over Land and Sea: Memoir of an Austrian Rear Admiral's Life in Europe and Africa, 1857–1909, ed. Ronald E. Coons and Pascal James Imperato; consulting ed. J. Winthrop Aldrich. New York and London: Holmes & Meier, 2000. Pp. xxvi, 358. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Milan VegoSCOTT W. MURRAY. Liberal Diplomacy and German Unification: The Early Career of Robert Morier. Westport: Praeger, 2000. Pp. xxii, 277. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Paul KennedyANDREW S. THOMPSON. Imperial Britain: The Empire in British Politics, c. 1880–1932. London and New York: Longman, 2000. Pp. xvii, 219. $79.95 (US), cloth; $27.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Kent FedorowichSHOMPA LAHIRI. Indians in Britain: Anglo-Indian Encounters, Race, and Identity, 1880–1930. London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2000. Pp. xviii, 249. $59.50 (US), cloth; $24.50 (US), paper.Reviewed by Douglas A. LorimerROY BRIDGES, ed. Imperialism, Decolonization, and Africa: Studies Presented to John Hargreaves: With an Academic Memoir and Bibliography. New York: Palgrave, 2000. Pp. xv, 213. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Paul M. CanningNANCY MITCHELL. The Danger of Dreams: German and American Imperialism in Latin America. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1999; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. xi, 312. $82.50 (CDN), cloth; $32.95 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Reinhard R. DoerriesPAUL JULIAN WEINDLING. Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890–1945. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Pp. xxi, 463. $159.50 (CDN). Reviewed by Sheldon WattsJ. M. ROBERTS. Twentieth Century: The History of the World, 1901 to the Present. London: Allen Lane, Penguin Press, 1999. Pp. xx, 905. £20.00. Reviewed by T. E. VadneyMOSHE GERSHOVICH. French Military Rule in Morocco: Colonialism and Its Consequences. London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2000. Pp. xvii, 238. $57.50 (US). Reviewed by William B. CohenM. NAIM TURFAN. Rise of the Young Turks: Politics, the Military, and Ottoman Collapse. London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 2000; dist. New York: Palgrave. Pp. xix, 490. $69.50 (US). Reviewed by Efraim KarshDANIELA ROSSINI. Il mito americano nell'Italia delta Grande Guerra. Rome: Gius. Laterza & Figli, 2000. Pp. x, 284. L 50,000, paper. Reviewed by H. James BurgwynFREDERICK R. DICKINSON. War and National Reinvention: Japan in the Great War, 1914–1919. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Asia Center, 1999; dist. Cambridge, Mass, and London: Harvard University Press. Pp. xviii, 363. $40.00 (US). Reviewed by Thomas W. BurkmanALFRED C. MIERZEJEWSKI. The Most Valuable Asset of the Reich: A History of the German National Railway. I: 1920–1932. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 1999; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. xx, 482. $123.75 (CDN). Reviewed by Andrew J. CrozierCHRISTIAN RAITZ VON FRENTZ. A Lesson Forgotten: Minority Protection under the League of Nations: The Case of the German Minority in Poland, 1920–1934. New York: Palgrave, 2000. Pp. iii, 290. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Carole K. FinkMEIR ZAMIR. Lebanon's Quest: The Road to Statehood, 1926–1939. London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 2000; dist. New York: Palgrave. Pp. xii, 313. $22.50 (US), paper. Reviewed by Roger OwenJOHN WINTON. Cunningham: The Greatest Admiral since Nelson. London: John Murray, 1998. Pp. xiv, 432. £25.00; MICHAEL SIMPSON, ed. The Cunningham Papers: Selections from the Private and Official Correspondence of Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, OM, KT, GCB, DSO and Two Bars: I: The Mediterranean Fleet, 1939–1942. Aldershot and Brookfield: Ashgate, 1999. Pp. xxvii, 634. $113.95 (US). Reviewed by Christopher M. BellRAY MOSELEY. Mussolini's Shadow: The Double Life of Count Galeazzo Ciano. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1999. Pp. x, 302. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Alan CasselsMACGREGOR KNOX. Common Destiny: Dictatorship, Foreign Policy, and War in Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 262. $27.95 (US). Reviewed by R. J. B. BosworthPETER NEVILLE. Appeasing Hitler: The Diplomacy of Sir Nevile Henderson, 1937–39. New York: Palgrave, 2000. Pp. xv, 237. $69.95 (US); JOHN RUGGIERO. Neville Chamberlain and British Rearmament: Pride, Prejudice, and Politics. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1999. Pp. 251. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Neville ThompsonJOHN CORNWELL. Hitler's Pope: The Secret History of Pius XII. London: Viking, 1999. Pp. xi, 430. £20.00. Reviewed by Joseph A. BiesingerGEOFFREY P. MEGARGEE. Inside Hitler's High Command. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2000. Pp. xxi, 327. $34.95 (US). Reviewed by Earl F. ZiemkeGABRIEL GORODETSKY. Grand Delusion: Stalin and the German Invasion of Russia. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1999. Pp. xvi, 408. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by D. W. SpringAZZA SALAMA LAYTON. International Politics and Civil Rights Policies in the United States, 1941–1960. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xi, 217. $49.95 (US). Reviewed by Jonathan RosenbergWILLIAMSON MURRAY and ALLAN R. MILLETT. A War To Be Won: Fighting the Second World War. Cambridge, Mass, and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 656. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Dennis E. ShowalterRICHARD J. ALDRICH. Intelligence and the War against Japan: Britain, America, and the Politics of Secret Service. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xxiv, 500. $34.95 (US). Reviewed by Carl BoydJOSHUA A. FOGEL, ed. The Nanjing Massacre in History and Historiography. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000. Pp. xvi, 248. $15.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Mechthild LeutnerEMMY E. WERNER. Through the Eyes of Innocents: Children Witness World War II. Boulder: Westview Press, 2000. Pp. xiv, 271. $27.50 (US). Reviewed by Kriste LindenmeyerOLAV RISTE. The Norwegian Intelligence Service, 1945–1970, trans. Arnfinn Moland. London and Portland: Frank Cass, 1999. Pp. xvii, 315. $57.50 (US). Reviewed by Mats BerdalNORMAN FRIEDMAN. The Fifty-Tear War: Conflict and Strategy in the Cold War. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2000; dist. St Catharines: Vanwell. Pp. xvii, 597. $38.95 (US). Reviewed by Frank NinkovichGREGORY MITROVICH. Undermining the Kremlin: America's Strategy to Subvert the Soviet Bloc, 1947–1956. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2000. Pp. x, 235. $32.50 (US). Reviewed by T. Michael RuddyT. N. HARPER. The End of Empire and the Making of Malaya. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xviii, 417. $69.95 (US). Reviewed by Albert LauCONSTANTINE A. PAGEDAS. Anglo-American Strategic Relations and the French Problem, 1960–1963: A Troubled Partnership. London and Portland: Frank Cass, 2000. Pp. xviii, 308. $59.50 (US). Reviewed by Jeffrey GlauqueZAKI SHALOM. The Superpowers, Israel, and the Future of Jordan, 1960-1963: The Perils of the Pro-Nasser Policy. Brighton and Portland: Sussex Academic Press, 1999. Pp. xi, 181. $60.00 (US). Reviewed by Ilan PappÉJ. MILLARD BURR and ROBERT O. COLLINS. Africa's Thirty Years War: Libya, Chad, and the Sudan, 1963–1993. Boulder: Westview Press, 1999. Pp. xvii, 300. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by M. W. DalyDAVID KAISER. American Tragedy: Kennedy, Johnson, and the Origins of the Vietnam War. Cambridge, Mass, and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000. Pp. 566. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Lloyd C. GardnerMICHAEL P. CROISSANT and BULENT ARAS, eds. Oil and Geopolitics in the Caspian Sea Region. Westport: Praeger, 1999. Pp. xx, 305. $69.50 (US). Reviewed by Julia NanayANDREW WILLIAMS. Failed Imagination? New World Orders of the Twentieth Century. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999; dist. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. Pp. 324. $79.95 (US), cloth; $24.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Peter WilsonJAN MELISSEN, ed. Innovation in Diplomatic Practice. New York: Palgrave, 1999. Pp. xxiii, 267. $69.95 (US). Reviewed by David D. NewsomJOHN TORPEY. The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship, and the State. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xi, 211. $22.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Andreas FahrmeirBERNARD I. FINEL and KRISTIN M. LORD, eds. Power and Conflict in the Age of Transparency. New York: Palgrave, 2000. Pp. 371. $49.95 (US). Reviewed by Cathal J. Nolan

JOHN FRANCE. Western Warfare in the Age of the Crusades, 1000–1300. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999. Pp.xv,327. $19.95(US),paper. Reviewed by Bernard S. BachrachREUVEN AMITAI-PREISS and DAVID O. MORGAN, eds. The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1999. Pp. vi, 361. NLG 225.00. Reviewed by Peter B. GoldenGAVIN R. G. HAMBLY, ed. Women in the Medieval Islamic World: Power, Patronage, and Piety. New York: St Martin's Press, 1998. Pp. 566. $59.95 (US). Reviewed by D. A. SpellbergRODERICH PTAK. China's Seaborne Trade with South and Southeast Asia, 1200–1750. Aldershot and Brookfield: Ashgate, Variorum, 1999. Pp. xi, 336. $110.95 (US). Reviewed by Gang DengPHILIP GRIERSON and LUCIA TRAVAINI. Medieval European Coinage: With a Catalogue of the Coins in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge: XIV: Italy (III) (South Italy, Sicily, Sardinia). New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xxii, 793. $175.00 (US). Reviewed by David AbulafiaANDRE GUNDER FRANK. ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. Pp. xxix, 416. $19.95 (US)> paper. Reviewed by George ModelskiNOBLE DAVID COOK. Born to Die: Disease and New World Conquest, 1492–1650. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xiii, 248. $54.95 (US). Reviewed by J. H. GallowayMICHAEL N. PEARSON. Port Cities and Intruders: The Swahili Coast, India, and Portugal in the Early Modern Era. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998. Pp. x, 202. $35.95 (US). Reviewed by Mark HortonRODNEY BRUCE HALL. National Collective Identity: Social Constructs and International Systems. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999. Pp. xv, 397. $21.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by Paul W. SchroederGEOFFREY PARKER. The Grand Strategy of Philip II. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1998. Pp. xx, 446. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Peter PiehsonEVELYN S. RAWSKI. The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. Pp. xii, 481. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Norman KutcherHEINZ DUCHHARDT, MATTHIAS SCHNETTGER, and MARTIN VOGT, eds. Der Friede von Rijswijk, 1697. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1998. Pp. viii, 340. DM 58, paper. Reviewed by K. W. SchweizerSHEARER WEST, ed. Italian Culture in Northern Europe in the Eighteenth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xiv, 237. $59.95 (US). Reviewed by Andrew WiltonMARTIN MALIA. Russia under Western Eyes: From the Bronze Horseman to the Lenin Mausoleum. Cambridge, Mass, and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1999. Pp. xii, 514. $35.00 (US).Reviewed by M. S. AndersonRICHARD BUEL JR. In Irons: Britain's Naval Supremacy and the American Revolutionary Economy. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1998. Pp. xi, 397.$35.00 (US). Reviewed by Daniel A. BaughJOHN E. TALBOTT. The Pen and Ink Sailor: Charles Middleton and the King's Navy, 1778–1813. London and Portland: Frank Cass, 1998. Pp. xvi, 172. $52.50 (US). Reviewed by P. K. CrimminJEREMY ADELMAN. Republic of Capital: Buenos Aires and the Legal Transformation of the Atlantic World. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999. Pp. x, 376. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Timothy E. AnnaDERYCK SCARR. Slaving and Slavery in the Indian Ocean. New York: St Martin's Press, 1998. Pp. xi, 238. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by David EltisMICHAEL SALEWSKI. Die Deutschen und die See: Studien zur deutschen Marinegeschichte des ig. und 20. Jahrkunderts, ed. Jürgen Elvert and Stefan Lippert. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1998. Pp. 359. DM 128. Reviewed by Ivo N. LambiBERNHARD SICKEN, ed. Stadt und Militär, 1815–1914: Wirtschaftliche Impulse, infrastrukturelle Beziehungen, sicherheitspolitische Aspekte. Paderborn: Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, 1998. Pp. vii, 403. DM 75. Reviewed by Lawrence SondhausAUGUSTE DUHAUT-CILLY. A Voyage to California, the Sandwich Islands, and Around the World in the Years 1856–1829, trans, and ed. August Frugé and Neal Harlow. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999. Pp. xxx, 254. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Glyndwr WilliamsOWEN CHADWICK. A History of the Popes, 1830-1914. New York: Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, 1998. Pp. x, 614. $196.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Peter C. KentANTHONY KIRK-GREENE. On Crown Service: A History ofHM Colonial and Overseas Civil Services, 1837–1997. London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 1999; dist. New York: St Martin's Press. Pp. xxvii, 276. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by John W. CellPETER J. HUGILL. Global Communications since 1844: Geopolitics and Technology. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999. Pp. xvii, 277. $24.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Daniel R. HeadrickINDIRA GHOSE. Women Travellers in Colonial India: The Power of the Female Gaze. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Pp. 196. $32.00 (CDN) Reviewed by Barbara N. RamusackRITA S. KRANIDIS. The Victorian Spinster and Colonial Emigration: Contested Subjects. New York: St Martin's Press, 1999. Pp. x, 228. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Lori LoebROBERT B. EDGERTON. Death or Glory: The Legacy of the Crimean War. Boulder: Westview Press, 1999. Pp. ix, 288. $30.00 (US). Reviewed by Muriel E. ChamberlainJOHN WODEHOUSE, EARL OF KIMBERLEY. The Journal of John Wodehouse, First Earl of Kimberley for 1862–1902, ed. Angus Hawkins and John Powell. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xxii, 530. $64.95 (US). Reviewed by Gordon MartelRANDY WILLIAM WIDDIS. With Scarcely a Ripple: Anglo-Canadian Migration into the United States and Western Canada, 1880–1920. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1999. Pp. xxii, 418. $65.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Paul VoiseyFRANK NINKOVICH. The Wilsonian Century: US Foreign Policy since 1900. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1999. Pp. 320. $27.50 (US). Reviewed by Robert James MaddoxNICOLE ANN DOMBROWSKI, ed. Women and War in the Twentieth Century: Enlisted with or without Consent. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1999. PP. ix, 377. $59.00 (US). Reviewed by Janet S. K. WatsonFRANZ UHLE-WETTLER. Alfred von Tirpitz in Seiner Zeit. Hamburg: Verlag E. S. Mitder, 1998. Pp. 499. DM 78. Reviewed by Holger H. HerwigEDWARD E. MCCULLOUGH. How the First World War Began: The Triple Entente and the Coming of the Great War, 1914–1918. Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1999. Pp. xii, 346. $28.99 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Keith WilsonAVIEL ROSHWALD and RICHARD STITES, eds. European Culture in the Great War: The Arts, Entertainment, and Propaganda, 1914–1918. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. xii, 430. $64.95 (US). Reviewed by Peter StanskyTIEN-LUNG LIU. The Chameleon State: Global Culture and Policy Shifts in Britain and Germany, 1914–1933. New York: Berghahn Books, 1999. Pp. xv, 171. $39.95 (US). Reviewed by Woodruff D. SmithJOHN F. POLLARD. The Unknown Pope: Benedict XV(1914–1922) and the Pursuit of Peace. London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1999. Pp. xv, 240. £18.99. Reviewed by Stewart A. StehlinMATTHEW HUGHES. Allenby and British Strategy in the Middle East, 1917–1919. London and Portland: Frank Cass, 1999. Pp. xii, 224. $57.50 (US), cloth; $24.50 (US), paper. Reviewed by Bruce WestrateDMITRY SHLAPENTOKH. The Counter-Revolution in Revolution: Images of Thermidor and Napoleon at the Time of Russian Revolution and Civil War. New York: St Martin's Press, 1999. Pp. viii, 183. $59–95 (US). Reviewed by David W. McFaddenARTHUR TURNER. The Cost of War: British Policy on French War Debts, 1918–1932. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 1998; dist. Pordand: ISBS. Pp. 328. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Kenneth MouréDAVID W. LLOYD. Battlefield Tourism: Pilgrimage and the Commemoration of the Great War in Britain, Australia, and Canada, 1919–1939. Oxford and New York: Berg, 1998. Pp. xi, 251. $16.50 (US), paper. Reviewed by Bruce ScatesROBERT M. CITINO. The Path to Blitzkrieg: Doctrine and Training in the German Army, 1920–1939. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1999. Pp. ix, 281. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Larry H. AddingtonMARJORY HARPER. Emigration from Scotland between the Wars: Opportunity or Exile?Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999; dist. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. Pp. xv, 243. $69.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Michael E. VancePETER A. SHAMBROOK. French Imperialism in Syria, 1927–1936. Reading: Ithaca Press, 1998. Pp. xvi, 316. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by William I. ShorrockA. HAMISH ION. The Cross in the Dark Valley: The Canadian Protestant Missionary Movement in the Japanese Empire, 1931–1945. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1999. Pp. xvi, 428. $54.95 (CDN). Reviewed by Jon DavidannIVAN T. BEREND. Decades of Crisis: Central and Eastern Europe before World War II. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. Pp. xxiv, 437. $40.00 (US). Reviewed by Edward D. Wynot Jr.ROBERT MALLETT. The Italian Navy and Fascist Expansionism, 1935–1940. London and Portland: Frank Cass, 1998. Pp. xiv, 240. $54.50 (US). Reviewed by Alexander De GrandMARTIN THOMAS. The French Empire at War, 1940–45. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998; dist. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press. Pp. xviii, 298. $79.95 (US). Reviewed by Norman J. W. GodaALAN HARRIS BATH. Tracking the Axis Enemy: The Triumph of Anglo-American Naval Intelligence. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998. Pp. xii, 308. $34.95 (US). Reviewed by Pedro LoureiroCHRISTOF STRAUB. Kriegsgefangenschaft und Internierung: Die Lager in Heilbronn- Bockingen 1945 bis 1947. Heilbronn: Stadtarchiv, 1998. Pp. 520. DM 52. Reviewed by Andreas FahrmeirMARC TRACHTENBERG. A Constructed Peace: The Making of the European Settlement, 1945–1963. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999. Pp. xv, 424. $60.00 (US). Reviewed by John W. YoungMIRIAM JOYCE. Kuwait, 1945–1996: An Anglo-American Perspective. London and Pordand: Frank Cass, 1999. Pp. xxiii, 182. $52.50 (US). Reviewed by Fred H. LawsonJYTTE KLAUSEN. War and Welfare: Europe and the United States, 1945 to the Present. New York: St Martin's Press, 1998. Pp. 341. $59.95 (US). Reviewed by Alan S. MilwardROBERT L. TIGNOR. Capitalism and Nationalism at the End of Empire: State and Business in Decolonizing Egypt, Nigeria, and Kenya,1945–1963. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998. Pp. viii, 419. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by James WhiddenURI BIALER. Oil and the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1948–63. New York: St Martin's Press, 1999. Pp. vii,282. $69.95 (US). Reviewed by Mary Ann HeissIOANNIS D. STEFANIDIS. Isle of Discord: Nationalism, Imperialism, and the Making of the Cyprus Problem. New York: New York University Press, 1999. Pp. xvi, 315. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Diana MarkidesJEFFREY GREY. Up Top: The Royal Australian Navy and Southeast Asian Conflicts, 1955–1972. St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin, in association with the Australian War Memorial, 1998. Pp. xx, 380. $59.95 (US). Reviewed by Malcolm Muir Jr.ANN DENHOLM CROSBY. Dilemmas in Defence Decision-Making: Constructing Canada's Role in NORAD, 1958–96. New York: St Martin's Press, 1998. Pp. xii, 253. $69.95 (US). Reviewed by Denis StairsDAVID L. SNEAD. The Gaither Committee, Eisenhower, and the Cold War. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1999. Pp. x, 286. $19.95 (US). Reviewed by Campbell CraigPETER LOWE, ed. The Vietnam War. New York: St Martin's Press, 1998. Pp. xii, 253. $59.95 (US). Reviewed by Ralph SmithSANDRA C. TAYLOR. Vietnamese Women at War: Fighting for Ho ChiMinh and the Revolution. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1999. Pp. x, 170. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Linda Grant De PauwORRIN SCHWAB. Defending the Free World: John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, and the Vietnam War, 1961–1965. Westport: Praeger, 1998. Pp. x, 243. $59.95 (US); JEFFREY KIMBALL. Nixon's Vietnam War. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998. Pp. xvi, 495. $39.95 (US). Reviewed by John M. CarlandWILLIAM W. HADDAD, GHADA H. TALHAMI, and JANICE J. TERRY, eds. The June 1967 War after Three Decades. Washington, DC: Association of Arab-American University Graduates, 1999. Pp. v, 215. $19.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Ritchie OvendaleKHAIR EL-DIN HASEEB, ta. Arab-Iranian Relations. Beirut: Centre for Arab Unity Studies, 1998; dist. New York: St Martin's Press. Pp. xiv, 564. $59.50 (US). Reviewed by Barry RubinETAIN TANNAM. Cross-Border Cooperation in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. New York: St Martin's Press, 1999. Pp. ix, 229. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Paul ArthurBRUCE CUMINGS. Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American-East Asian Relations at the End of the Century. Durham, N.C. and London: Duke University Press, 1999. Pp. 280. $27.95 (US). Reviewed by Steven I. LevineRALPH NEGRINE. Parliament and the Media: A Study of Britain, Germany, and France. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, Pinter Publishers, 1998; dist. New York: Cassell & Continuum. Pp. viii, 164. $15.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by John O. StubbsANGELA E. STENT. Russia and Germany Reborn: Unification, the Soviet Collapse, and the New Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999. Pp. xviii, 300. $29.95 (US) Reviewed by Gerhard WettigSTEVEN L. BURG and PAUL S. SHOUP. The War in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Ethnic Conflict and International Intervention. Armonk and London: M. E. Sharpe, 1999. Pp. xviii, 499. $49.95 (US). Reviewed by John V. A. FineANDREA MANESCHI. Comparative Advantage in International Trade: A Historical Perspective. Cheltenham and Northampton: Edward Elgar, 1998. Pp. x, 258. $85.00 (US). Reviewed by Sandra Peart