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Researchers from Al-Nahrain University conducted a study on the cytotoxicity of phenolic and terpene fractions extracted from Iraqi Prunus arabica on breast and esophageal cancer cell lines. The study found that the extracted fractions significantly decreased cancer cell viability while showing minimal cytotoxicity on normal cells. The researchers suggest that these fractions could potentially be used as naturally derived drugs for treating breast and esophageal cancers. The study was published in F1000Research and can be accessed for further information. [Extracted from the article]

The article details research on the sedative and anxiolytic effects of Capparis sicula Duhamel, emphasizing its potential as a natural alternative to conventional treatments for anxiety and insomnia. Topics include the effectiveness of different extracts, the identification of active flavonoid glycosides, and the plant's mechanism of action through molecular docking studies with anxiety-related receptors.

A patent application titled "Customizable Portable Vaporizer" has been published online by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The inventor, Jason Webski, has developed a vaporizer that allows users to customize and change the flavor of the vapors generated. The vaporizer includes a primary cartridge for holding and vaporizing a first vaporizing liquid, and one or more secondary cartridges for holding additional vaporizing liquids. This invention aims to provide users with a variety of flavor options and enhance their vaporization experience. The assignee for this patent application is Sweetspot Brands LLC. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Korea University in Sejong, South Korea, has identified compounds from Canavalia gladiata (sword bean) pods that exhibit significant inhibitory effects on Interleukin (IL)-33, a cytokine involved in immune system regulation and inflammation. The researchers isolated 11 compounds from the methanol extract of the pods and found that compounds 7, 10, and 11 showed substantial IL-33 inhibitory efficacy. These findings have potential implications for the prevention and treatment of allergies. The study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea. [Extracted from the article]

Acanthamoeba spp. are widely distributed in the environment and cause serious infections in humans. Treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is very challenging and not always effective which requires the development of more efficient drugs against Acanthamoeba spp. The purpose of the present study was to test medicinal plants that may be useful in the treatment of Acanthamoeba spp. Here we evaluated the trophozoital and cysticidal activity of 13 flavonoid glycosides isolated from Delphinium gracile, D. staphisagria, Consolida oliveriana and from Aconitum napellus subsp. Lusitanicum against the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii. AlamarBlue Assay Reagent® was used to determine the activity against trophozoites of A. castellanii, and cytotoxic using Vero cells. Cysticidal activity was assessed on treated cysts by light microscopy using a Neubauer chamber to quantify cysts and trophozoites. Flavonoids 1, 2, 3 and 4 showed higher trophozoital activity and selectivity indexes than the reference drug chlorhexidine digluconate. In addition, flavonoid 2 showed 100% cysticidal activity at a concentration of 50 μm, lower than those of the reference drug and flavonoid 3 (100 μm). These results suggest that flavonoids 2 and 3 might be used for the development of novel therapeutic approaches against Acanthamoeba infections after satisfactory in vivo evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers at Gachon University in South Korea have conducted a study on the potential anti-cancer properties of malvidin and its glycosides. The study found that malvidin and its glycosides have the ability to induce apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, and suppress cell proliferation, as well as prevent metastasis in various types of cancer. The researchers recommend incorporating plant-based phytochemicals like malvidin into a prolonged dietary pattern as a potential alternative to drug-based chemical compounds for cancer treatment. However, further in-depth studies are needed to fully understand the potential of malvidin against cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Kaohsiung Medical University in Taiwan has found that fish mint, also known as Houttuynia cordata Thunb., can be cultivated more efficiently and with enhanced quality using a hydroponic planting system. The study showed that hydroponically-cultivated fish mint with seaweed extract and amino acids added exhibited a 143% increase in key components responsible for antioxidant activity and anti-nitrite oxide production compared to conventionally soil-cultivated fish mint. The researchers suggest that this economically-designed hydroponic system could replace traditional cultivation methods, resulting in improved growth time, overall production yields, and bioactive qualities. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Universita Politecnica delle Marche in Ancona, Italy, focused on the characterization of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum) and its potential health-promoting constituents. The study utilized accelerated solvent extraction and liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry to analyze the phenolic fraction of sea fennel extracts. The researchers identified several compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoid glycosides, triterpene saponins, and hydroxylated fatty acids, which were previously undetected in sea fennel. This research provides valuable insights into the bioactive molecules present in sea fennel and their potential positive effects on human health. [Extracted from the article]

Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) is widely cultivated for its beauty; however, despite this, the components of the different flower colors in Magnolia have not been elucidated. In this study, the color parameters of 10 Magnolia petals with different colors were measured by the Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart (RHSCC) and a color reader CR-10. The composition and content of the flavonoids in the petals were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) as well as HPLC with electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS2). All results showed that the 10 petals were divided into four color groups. Regarding the flavonoid composition, four types of anthocyanins, including Cyanidin-glucosyl-rhamnoside (Cy-GR), Cyanidin-glucosyl-rhamnosyl-glucoside (Cy-GRG), Peonidin-glucosyl-rhamnoside (Pn-GR), and Peonidin-glucosyl-rhamnosyl-glucoside (Pn-GRG), were identified, as well as 10 types of flavonols. The flavonols included isorhamnetin, quercetin, kaempferol, and their glycosides, which included rutinoside, rhamnose, and glucoside. Cyanidin and peonidin make Magnolia petals appear red-purple and purple, respectively, and the flavonols perform as evident auxiliary pigments, particularly quercetin. The Magnolia cultivar flower phenotypes sampled in this study differed by changes in their existing flavonoid content rather than by the appearance of new flavonoids. Consequently, this study provides a reference for further revealing the basis of Magnolia flower color and provides clues for color breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Zagazig; Egypt; Africa; Pharmaceutical Research; Drugs and Therapies EN Zagazig Egypt Africa Pharmaceutical Research Drugs and Therapies 2987 2987 1 11/06/23 20231110 NES 231110 2023 NOV 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Researchers detail new data in Drugs and Therapies - Pharmaceutical Research. Keywords for this news article include: Zagazig, Egypt, Africa, Pharmaceutical Research, Drugs and Therapies, Zagazig University. The extract demonstrated a promising in vitro antioxidant activity in the DPPH and FRAP assays (IC50 56.45 and 15.34 lg/mL, respectively), and was able to inhibit the aforementioned key enzymes with com-parable results to the reference drugs. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords for this news article include: Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga, Latvia, Europe, Pharmaceuticals, Drugs and Therapies. Keywords: Drugs and Therapies; Pharmaceuticals EN Drugs and Therapies Pharmaceuticals 1350 1350 1 10/24/23 20231027 NES 231027 2023 OCT 27 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Fresh data on pharmaceuticals are presented in a new report. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Chemicals and Chemistry EN Chemicals and Chemistry 226 226 1 08/07/23 20230808 NES 230808 2023 AUG 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Research findings on chemicals and chemistry are discussed in a new report. Our news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from Binzhou Medical University: "However, most isoflavone glycosides are hydrolyzed to other metabolites by intestinal bacteria before absorbed into the body. Then, the metabolites of the three isoflavone glycosides transformed by human feces at different times were quantified by HPLC and identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph coupled with high resolution mass spectrometer (UHPLC-HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum (1H-NMR). [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Lahore; Pakistan; Asia; Chemicals and Chemistry; Enzymes and Coenzymes; Urease EN Lahore Pakistan Asia Chemicals and Chemistry Enzymes and Coenzymes Urease 2191 2191 1 06/19/23 20230623 NES 230623 2023 JUN 23 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- A new study on Chemicals and Chemistry is now available. Lahore, Pakistan, Asia, Chemicals and Chemistry, Enzymes and Coenzymes, Urease These sec-ondary metabolites were docked against the enzyme urease which substantiated the inhibitory action of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and flavonoid glycosides.". [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Hubei; People's Republic of China; Asia; Life Science; Cell Proliferation; Enzymes and Coenzymes; Kinase; Protein Expression; Proteomics EN Hubei People's Republic of China Asia Life Science Cell Proliferation Enzymes and Coenzymes Kinase Protein Expression Proteomics 3357 3357 1 05/29/23 20230602 NES 230602 2023 JUN 2 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators publish new report on Life Science. Hubei, People's Republic of China, Asia, Life Science, Cell Proliferation, Enzymes and Coenzymes, Kinase, Protein Expression, Proteomics. [Extracted from the article]

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and one of the most important public health challenges facing mankind. Fagonia cretica is a medicinal plant used widely in the Punjab in Pakistan. A recent survey has demonstrated that traditional healers and herbalists frequently use this plant to treat diabetes. In the current study, the traditional medicine was prepared as a tea, and the profile of the main metabolites present in the traditional medicine was analysed via LC/MS/MS. The extract was shown to contain a number of phenolic glycosides in- cluding quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glycoside, kaempferol-3(6'-malonylglucoside), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, and isorhamnetin 3-(6"-malonylglucoside) in addition to two unidentified sulphonated saponins. The traditional medicine inhibits α-glucosidase in vitro with an IC50 of 4.62 µg/mL. The hypoglycaemic effect of the traditional medicine was evaluated in normoglycaemic and streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats, using glibenclamide as an internal control. The preparation (250 or 500mg/kg body weight) was administered once a day for 21 consecutive days. The dose of 500mg/kg was effective in the management of the disease, causing a 45% decrease in the plasma glucose level at the end of the experimental period. Histological analysis of pancreatic sections confirmed that streptozotocin/nictotinamide treatment caused destruction of pancreatic islet cells, while pancreatic sections from the treatment groups showed that both the extract and glibenclamide partially prevented this deterioration. The mechanism of this protective effect is unclear. However, such a finding suggests that ingestion of the tea could confer additional benefits and should be investigated further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interpretation of large datasets acquired using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry represents one of the major challenges in natural products research. Here we propose the use of molecular networking to rapid identify the known secondary metabolites from untargeted MS/MS analysis of Adenocalymma imperatoris-maximilianii plant extracts. The leaves, stems and roots of A. imperatoris-maximilianii were extracted using different solvents according to Snyder selectivity triangle. The samples were analyzed by HPLC coupled with ion trap mass spectrometer in a collision-induced dissociation MS/MS configuration in both positive and negative electrospray ionization modes. Molecular networking simultaneously organized the spectra by cosine similarity. The chemical identification was performed based on the systematic study of the main fragmentation pathways observed for the resulting network. The untargeted tandem mass spectrometry-based molecular networking allowed for the identification of 63 metabolites, mainly mono-, di- and tri-, C- and/or O-glycosyl flavones. Molecular networking was capable not only to dereplicate known flavonoids, but also to point out related prenyl derivatives, described for the first time in Adenocalymma species. The gasphase reaction route to form the characteristic [M-H2O-(30/60/90)]+ fragments in C-glycosyl flavones was suggested as sequential sugar ring opening followed by retro-aldol elimination involving aldose-ketose isomerization. The use of molecular networking with LC-CID-MS/MS assisted the identification of various isomeric and isobaric flavonoid glycoconjugates by establishing clusters according to the fragmentation similarities. Additionally, the proposed cross-ring sugar cleavages can contribute to the identification of C-glycosides by MS/MS analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drugs and Therapies - Pharmaceuticals Current study results on pharmaceuticals have been published. According to news reporting out of Belgrade, Serbia, by NewsRx editors,research stated, "This study was designed to investigate the impact ofdifferent extraction solvent systems on the chemical composition andbiological activities of Allium scorodoprasum L." According to the news reporters, the research concluded: "All of theextracts showed antimicrobial, wound-healing, antioxidant andanti-enzymatic properties. [Extracted from the article]

The active constituents of Korean Papaver rhoeas bee pollen conferring neuraminidase inhibitory activities (H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1) were investigated. Six flavonoids and one alkaloid were isolated and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data. These included kaempferol-3-sophoroside (1), kaempfer-ol-3-neohesperidoside (2), kaempferol-3-sambu-bioside (3), kaempferol-3-glucoside (4), querce-tin-3-sophoroside (5), luteolin (6), and chelianthi-foline (7). All compounds showed neuraminidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 10.7 to 151.1 µM. The most potent neuraminidase inhibitor was luteolin, which was the dominant content in the ethyl acetate fraction. All tested compounds displayed noncompetitive inhibition of H3N2 neuraminidase. Furthermore, compounds 1 -7 all reduced the severity of virally induced cytopathic effects as determined by the Madin-Darby canine kidney cell-based assay showing antiviral activity with IC50 values ranging from 10.7 to 33.4µM (zanamivir: 58.3 µM). The active compounds were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the total amount of compounds 1-7 made up about 0.592 g/100 g bee pollen, contributing a rich resource of a natural antiviral product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is undisputed that terpene lactones and flavonoid glycosides of Ginkgo biloba are responsible for most of the extracts (e.g., EGb 761�) pharmacological actions. This investigation focused on the pharmacokinetic and the ability of the flavonoid constituents to cross the blood-brain barrier in rats, after single (600 mg/kg) or repeated (8 days, 100, or 600 mg/kg) oral administration of EGb 761�, and their distribution in different areas of the brain. For this purpose, we developed an HPLC-fluorescence method for the determination of the Ginkgo flavonoid metabolites (quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin derivatives) in the brain and plasma. A single dose of 600 mg/kg EGb 761� resulted in maximum plasma concentrations of 176, 341, and 183 ng/mL for quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin/tamarixetin, respectively and in maximum brain concentrations of 291 ng/g protein for kaempferol and 161 ng/g protein for isorhamnetin/tamarixetin. In comparison, the repeated administration of the same dose for 8 days led to an approximate 4.5-fold increase in the plasma concentration for quercetin, 11.5-fold increase for kaempferol, and 10-fold increase for isorhamnetin/tamarixetin. In the brain, an approximate 2-fold increase was observed for kaempferol and isorhamnetin/tamarixetin. About 90 % of the determined flavonoids were distributed in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, striatum, and cerebellum, which together represent only 38 % of the whole brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]