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Tooth eruption comprises a highly coordinated cascade of complex cellular and molecular interactions resulting in axial movement of the tooth germ from an intra-osseous position to its functional occlusion. Odontogenesis is under genetic control, governed by more than 300 genes, with environmental factors playing a comparatively minor role. Delayed tooth eruption (DTE) describes the most frequently encountered deviation from normal eruption and can be the solitary materialization of local or systemic pathology. Where local pathology has been excluded, the dentist should be aware of the multitude of systemic conditions that may be contributing, and liaise with relevant medical colleagues. This article provides a review of the literature regarding the systemic causes of DTE.CPD/Clinical Relevance:Systemic conditions can be aetiological factors in delayed tooth eruption.

ABSTRACTThis study explores two unique aspects of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) from the perspective of gender diversity in the field of motion pictures and the dimension of inclusion utilizing the Bechdel-Wallace Test (BWT). A production may pass the BWT if a conversation between two women is not about men, hence the conversation is deemed meaningful. Using a consumer-driven data set, we find a positive effect of the BWT on international and total box office sales. The results also show a unique result in the years following the modern #MeToo movement, leading to enhanced box office returns for domestic, international, and total box office sales. Therefore, in addition to contributing to efforts to better understanding the impact of the addition of gender diversity and inclusion on motion picture performance, female characters’ meaningful conversation with other females will likely lead to higher return on producers’ investment in motion pictures. Practical implications and contributions to feminist film theory and theory of planned behavior are discussed.

ABSTRACT With the increasing demands for stable and high quality materials in road construction, the need for opening new gravel borrow pits is increasing, which compromises the ability of future [...]

Introduction Our panel for the latest Savills and Property Week round table had no shortage of topics to debate. The challenges, threats and opportunities facing developers, investors and stakeholders in [...]

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital facial condition that affects the structures derived from the first and second pharyngeal arches. It results in underdevelopment of facial structures, most commonly causing abnormal mandibular growth and morphology. Part 1 of this two-part series outlined the aetiology, classification systems and clinical features of CFM. In this article, we explore the management pathway and treatment approaches that may be undertaken. We highlight the dental and orthodontic involvement in managing patients with CFM.CPD/Clinical Relevance:For patients with CFM, having an understanding of the overall facial and dental management helps the clinician to plan for dental and orthodontic care.

Diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is widely used for the analysis of mixtures, dispersing the signals of different species in a two-dimensional spectrum according to their diffusion coefficients. However, interpretation of these diffusion coefficients is typically purely qualitative, for example, to deduce which species are bigger or smaller. In studies of proteins in solution, important questions concern the molecular weight of the proteins, the presence or absence of aggregation, and the degree of folding. The Stokes–Einstein Gierer–Wirtz estimation (SEGWE) method has been previously developed to simplify the complex relationship between diffusion coefficient and molecular mass, allowing the prediction of a species’ diffusion coefficient in a pure solvent based on its molecular weight. Here, we show that SEGWE can be extended to successfully predict both peptide and protein diffusion coefficients in mixed protiated–deuteriated water samples and, hence, distinguish effectively between globular and disordered proteins.

‘This article gives an overview of craniofacial microsomia (CFM), its diagnostic features and relevant classification systems. Craniofacial microsomia is the most common facial anomaly after cleft lip and palate. It has a wide phenotypic variance and requires a multidisciplinary approach for comprehensive management. We outline both the facial and dental manifestations and orthodontic implications.CPD/Clinical Relevance:CFM patients often require comprehensive dental and orthodontic care and it is necessary for the clinician to be aware of the clinical challenges in treating this cohort of patients. By having a thorough understanding of the aetiology and clinical features, it can help direct appropriate clinical care.

Introduction: SHORT syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant condition described by its acronym of short stature, hyperextensibility of joints and/or inguinal hernia, ocular depression, Rieger abnormality, and teething delay. Individuals have a distinct progeroid craniofacial appearance with a triangular face, frontal bossing, hypoplastic or thin alae nasi, large low-set ears, and mandibular retrognathia.Objectives: To systematically appraise the literature and update the clinical phenotype with emphasis on the dental condition.Design: A systematic literature search was carried out to update the clinical phenotype, identifying reports of individuals with SHORT syndrome published after August 2015. The same search strategy but not limited to publication date was carried out to identify reports of the dental phenotype. Two independent reviewers screened 1937 articles with 55 articles identified for full-text review.Results: Nineteen individuals from 11 families were identified. Facial dysmorphism including ocular depression, triangular shaped face, frontal bossing, large low-set ears, and micrognathia were the most consistent features followed by lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, and intrauterine growth restriction. Teething delay, microdontia, hypodontia, and enamel hypoplasia have all been reported.Conclusion: Features that comprise the SHORT acronym do not accurately or completely describe the clinical phenotype. The craniofacial appearance is one of the most consistent features. Lipodystrophy and insulin resistance may also be considered cardinal features. After teething delay, enamel hypoplasia and microdontia are the most common dental manifestations. We present recommendations for the dental and orthodontic/orthognathic management of individuals with SHORT syndrome.

Recent studies in compacted graphite iron machining have focused on continuous cutting conditions that occur during high-speed cylinder boring. (1,2) Boring engine cylinders is one of the more critical operations [...]

Railroad cars carry huge loads, typically 250,000 lb. That capacity makes them very economical for long-distance freight transfer. But until the 1950s, moving rail cars very short distances--such as from [...]

The Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act passed Congress with bipartisan support and became law in April 2012. Designed to encourage initial public offerings (IPOs), it makes a number of changes [...]

Frequently in cases in which parental alienation syndrome (PAS) has been determined, courts become concerned with ordering the appropriate mental health treatment for the children involved. There is an abundance [...]

Books on the WTO have been rolling off the presses around the globe this past year, the organization's tenth anniversary, as any Internet search will show. Some are critical, some [...]

The power industry in the United States is poised for a major shift with respect to the construction of baseload generating capacity, and nuclear power plants are sure to be [...]

ABSTRACTThis paper presents statistical evidence of roadside vegetation’s contribution to pavement roughness progression rates. Detailed statistical and regression analysis of the roadside vegetation data collected via satellite imageries and road roughness data collected via high speed road profiler was performed. Elaborative investigation on interaction between roadside vegetation and waveband roughness progression has provided a clear indication of tree variable’s contribution on road deterioration. Statistical parameters such as moderate Pearson correlation coefficient (r) values, low mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) values, high Willmott’s index of agreement (d) were obtained for training and validation datasets, that depicted the potentiality of tree variables as predictors in pavement roughness progression rate modelling. Statistical evidence showed that effect of trees on road deterioration was more noticeable on long wavelength roughness progression rates. This can be justified via prevailing soil moisture interaction in expansive soil deposits subjected to moisture withdrawal of deciduous trees in arid climate conditions. Overall, the findings of this paper exemplify on the necessity of considering the presence of roadside vegetation in road deterioration analysis, and suggesting the scope of improvement for prediction performance.

Some pregnant women with preeclampsia may have excessive amounts of iron in their body, according to a study of 40 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 40 healthy pregnant women. For this reason, pregnant women at risk for preeclampsia should not be given iron supplements. Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy.

IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF THE burn ward in Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, I looked down at the small, still form that was my daughter Sian. Shaking my […]

Acting alone, the private sector isn't going to deliver the 300,000 new homes a year that the government believes are needed to alleviate the housing crisis. The public sector also [...]

Amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) forms the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) component of pathognomonic extracellular plaques of AD. Additional early cortical changes in AD include neuroinflammation and elevated iron levels. Activation of the innate immune system in the brain is a neuroprotective response to infection; however, persistent neuroinflammation is linked to AD neuropathology by uncertain mechanisms. Non-parametric machine learning analysis on transcriptomic data from a large neuropathologically characterised patient cohort revealed the acute phase protein lactoferrin (Lf) as the key predictor of amyloid pathology. In vitro studies showed that an interaction between APP and the iron-bound form of Lf secreted from activated microglia diverted neuronal APP endocytosis from the canonical clathrin-dependent pathway to one requiring ADP ribosylation factor 6 trafficking. By rerouting APP recycling to the Rab11-positive compartment for amyloidogenic processing, Lf dramatically increased neuronal Aβ production. Lf emerges as a novel pharmacological target for AD that not only modulates APP processing but provides a link between Aβ production, neuroinflammation and iron dysregulation.

Decision tree induction may be just what the doctor ordered to reduce manufacturing process analysis costs--but don't forget to involve the people on the shop floor Everyone welcomes practical solutions […]

At Fleet, we believe that the retail bank longs in the insurance product distribution business. While this is a new opportunity - that we are seizing - in the U.S., [...]

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Adding intravenous theophylline to asthma therapy consisting of corticosteroids and beta-antagonists may not be successful in children. Researchers evaluated the effectiveness of intravenous theophylline combined with inhaled albuterol and intravenous methylprednisolone in 39 children under 10 years old. Twenty of these children received a placebo infusion (the control group). Patients were rated on lung function scores, room air oxygen saturation, and overall comfort. Patients within each group did not differ in asthma symptoms, albuterol dosing, or oxygen requirement. Toxic reactions, however, were more frequent in the theophylline group compared to the control group. Children who received theophylline infusions experienced more nausea, vomiting, insomnia, and headaches.

This article examines the effects of state certification on the market for commercial real estate appraisals. State certification grew out of the Real Estate Appraiser Reform Amendment to the Financial [...]

Denial of life insurance coverage when the insured committed suicide has been argued based on theories of construction, illegality and public policy and on evidentiary grounds, but exclusion should be determined solely by a showing of fraud. The case law that applies the various theories is inconsistent, and often suicide has not barred recovery. The determinative issue is whether the insurance contract was entered into with the intent to defraud the insurer. Although proving fraud may be difficult, it is the only grounds for denial of coverage that need be used when the intentional acts of the insured are involved.

Planning disputes are sites of contestation in which science-based regulations come into conflict with the place-based knowledge of local communities. The procedural and often technical nature of these regulations means that these controversies are marked by an asymmetry of resources that is often experienced by community groups as an asymmetry in credibility. In short, the expertise of developers is generally accepted as such, whilst the knowledge claimed by citizens is dismissed as ‘anecdotal’ or ‘NIMBYism’. In this article, we make the argument that the asymmetries of expertise are less stark than the current system typically allows and that recognising and accommodating this would improve the planning system by enhancing the representation and inclusion of community voices. We explore this position by using a case study of the construction of a Energy-from-Biomass plant in South Wales. Drawing from 30 qualitative interviews, we maintain that the planning process has the potential to function as one of a network of ‘trading zones’ in which different communities enact their rights and have their claims to knowledge and expertise recognised. Crucial to this argument is understanding that the levels and kinds of expertise that different parties bring to the interactions are more than just matters of attribution: community groups can have genuine expertise.

A Non-Toxic Approach to Cleaning Stainless Steel The corrosive nature of certain beverage products has traditionally been a significant concern to those who monitor and maintain stainless steel processing piping, [...]

The Doha round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) is heading towards a critical Ministerial Meeting in Hong Kong in December. Many thorny issues remain to be resolved and some [...]

When African trade ministers met in Tunis in October 1994, they had a problem on their collective minds. Just six months earlier, most had joined over 100 colleagues from around [...]

In a relevant case, Carlsbad, California, was sued by a private citizen for not having accessible public facilities. However, the case was dismissed after a legal expert testified that the [...]