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The history of the development of European Union cultural policy in some way emphasizes the tensions between advocates of greater freedom of trade in cultural goods and services within Europe and those who intend to mobilize culture as a defence shield to counter the threat of globalization. From the end of the 1980s, comprehension of cultural potential in solving social and economic issues enhances, and a new phase in the development of the EU cultural policy emerged after Maastricht when it gained a legal foothold. It is important to emphasize that in the area of culture at the Union level, the principle of subsidiarity applies, which has enabled retention of autonomy in relation to national cultural policies. The evolution of relation to culture is particularly evident in the example of the Community programs dedicated to this sector. They are designed as a financial instrument of the EU cultural policy aimed at creating a common European cultural space by encouraging the cooperation of cultural workers, supporting transnational mobility of cultural and artistic works and intensifying intercultural dialogue. The Commission's intention was to put all new programs and activities in line with achievements of the objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy for well-designed, sustainable and inclusive growth. The European Union get a legal basis for current cultural programs in Article 167 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The Lisbon Treaty obliges EU members to take into account all cultural aspects in all their activities to provide support for various cultural initiatives, not only through programs specifically targeted at the field of culture, but also other sectoral policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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