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ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate occlusal splint type differences in patients with bruxism.MethodsSeventeen controls and 51 patients were divided into three subgroups, each assigned to use a different occlusal splint (hard, soft, or semi-soft) for 3 months and assessed by ultrasonography and electromyography (EMG) before (BT) and 3 months after treatment (AT).ResultsEMG values in all of the occlusal splint groups were significantly lower AT than BT (p< 0.05). BT and AT EMG values in the control group did not differ. Mean muscle thicknesses in bruxism patients was greater than in controls, and the greatest muscle thickness changes occurred with the hard occlusal splint (p< 0.05).DiscussionA decrease in EMG activity occurred with all three splint types and was most prominent in the hard occlusal splint group. Ultrasonographic measurements of muscle length and thickness should be used alongside EMG to measure muscle activity in bruxism patients.

Aim: Bruxism is defined as the involuntary recurrent masticatory muscle activity characterized by gnashing, grinding, clenching of teeth, and/or pushing the mandible. Factors creating its etiology are peripheral (morphological) or central (physiopathological and physiological), and exogenous. Recently, among physiological factors, depression and bruxism were considered to be related. A definitive treatment method does not exist for bruxism; however, botulinum toxin-A (BT-A) application is an up-to-date and effective way of treatment. The present study is aimed to evaluate the levels of depression in bruxism patients treated with BT-A application.Materials and Methods: A total of 25 individuals (23 females and 2 males) who were diagnosed as bruxism patients were included in the study. 25 U of BT-A for each masseter muscle was injected into the patients. Patients were prospectively observed for a possible change in depression levels by using Beck’s Depression Inventory. The inventory was implemented before and six months after the BT-A application. Depression levels before and six months after the injection were compared. A paired t-test was used to compare “before” and “after” treatment values. One-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey tests were used to evaluate the change in Beck’s Depression Inventory scores according to age groups.Results: The mean total score was 7.80 ± 8.10 before the treatment and 7.16 ± 6.52 six months after the treatment. The decrease in the mean score was not statistically significant (P> .05).Conclusion: In conclusion, despite the decrease in the mean Beck’s Depression Inventory scores, a statistically significant decrease in the depression levels of patients was not observed.

Social innovation is defined as new ideas or solution proposals to the needs of humans which have not been fulfilled to increase their life standards and welfare. Although after 1990s social innovation has started to attract academicians’ attentions, there are few empirical studies on this subject yet. The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable social innovation instrument at individual level. In this regard, a comprehensive field study was conducted. The field study consists of 767 senior university students from various faculties of 10 universities reflecting different geographical and socio- economic levels to provide a country-wide generalization. According to the findings, a reliable and valid social innovation scale is employed unidimensionally with eight items.

Abstract: Background: Odontogenic myxoma is a rare, benign neoplasm and is often located in the maxillofacial region centrally most common in the mandible. Soft tissue localization that can be classified as a peripheral myxoma is rarely seen than the central localization. Peripheral myxoma is slowly growing and less aggressive compared to the central myxoma and has a low recurrence rate. Case report: In this presentation, the patient with a peripheral odontogenic myxoma of the posterior maxillary gingiva was presented with histological findings following surgery, and the clinical differences and characteristics of the various types of myxomas were discussed by a review of the literature.

Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma (AFD) is classified as a rarely seen benign mixed odontogenic tumor. Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma is common in children and young adults with painless swelling and mostly seen at the mandibular posterior region and usually associated with unerupted tooth. In this clinical report, an 11-year-old-boy referred to Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, with the complaint of pain and swelling at the mandibular posterior region, diagnosed as AFD, is presented. Extraoral examination showed swelling at the affected side. In intraoral examination, a rough painful swelling was invincible with a delayed eruption of deciduous second molar tooth. Panoramic radiography revealed well-defined radiolucency with large radiopacity above the crown of unerupted permanent second molar in the left mandible. The provisional diagnosis was complex odontoma. Biopsy resulted as AFD. The treatment achieved with total excision of the tumor and the second premolar tooth. Resorbable fixation plates were used for strengthening the excised region of the mandible. No recurrence or clinical complaints were noted during 1-year follow-up.