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ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate serum prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJ-ID).Methods: Seventy patients with Wilkes stage III, IV, and V joints and 70 healthy controls were included. Serum prolidase activity and oxidative stress parameters, including total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), glutathione (GSH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) were measured.Results: The levels of prolidase, TOS, OSI, AOPP, and LOOH were significantly higher in the TMJ-ID group than in the control (p= .0001). TAS and FRAP level was significantly lower in the TMJ-ID group than in the control (p= .0001). There was no significant difference in GSH between groups.Conclusion: Significantly increased prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with TMJ-ID may be related to long-term collagen tissue damage, and inflammation and can be effective in the etiology of TMJ-ID.

Peripheral facial nerve paralysis is the most common cranial nerve disorder; it is determined by the branches of the seventh cranial nerve and results in a characteristic facial distortion that is determined in part by the nerve branches involved. Peripheral facial nerve paralysis during dental treatment is very rare; when it does occur, it can be associated with the injection of local anesthetic, prolonged attempts to remove a mandibular third molar, and subsequent infection. Our article presents the case of a patient admitted with unilateral peripheral facial nerve paralysis occurring simultaneously with alveolar osteitis.

Accidental injection or leakages of various chemical disinfectants used during root canal preparation into adjacent tissues have been shown to have deleterious effects on surrounding tissue. Formocresol (FC) is an effective intracanal disinfectant used in endodontic procedures. However, it is known to have harmful effects into adjacent tissues. The aim of this article is to present an unusual case in which a 28-year-old male patient developed gingival and bone necrosis after the accidental injection of FC instead of local anesthetic solution for tooth extraction and to review cases in the literature where complications have occurred due to the use of FC.