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The article discusses the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, viruses, and fungi, also known as superbugs, and the challenges they pose to human health. It explains that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms become resistant to the effects of antimicrobial medicine, particularly antibiotics. The article highlights the causes of AMR, including the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, and the potential consequences, such as increased difficulty in treating infections and higher healthcare costs. It also explores various strategies to combat superbugs, including the use of artificial intelligence to discover new antibiotics, vaccines, antimicrobial peptides, genetic engineering, and drug repurposing. The article emphasizes the importance of personal hygiene, vaccination, and responsible antibiotic use in preventing the spread of superbugs. Finally, it mentions phage therapy as a promising approach to combating AMR. [Extracted from the article]

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used to discover a new class of antibiotics that can effectively treat infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria. Researchers at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard tested over 39,000 compounds on Staphylococcus aureus and human cells to train AI models to predict antibacterial activity and potential toxicity. The AI models then analyzed 12 million compounds through computer simulations and identified 3646 with ideal drug-like properties. Two non-toxic compounds were found to be potential treatments for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. This discovery is significant as only a few new classes of antibiotics have been found to work against both MRSA and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. [Extracted from the article]

The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge acquired on herbal products and their active constituents with antimicrobial activity used alone and in combination with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. The most promising herbal products and active constituents used alone against multidrug-resistant bacteria are Piper betle (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Glycyrrhiza glabra (methicillin-resistant S. aureus , vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, P. aeruginosa), and berberine (methicillin-resistant S. aureus, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa), respectively. The synergistic effect of the combination of herbal products and their active constituents with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria are also described. These natural antibacterial agents can be promising sources of inhibitors, which can modulate antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria, especially as efflux pump inhibitors. Other possible mechanisms of action of herbal therapy against multidrug-resistant bacteria including modification of the bacterial cell wall and/or membrane, inhibition of the cell division protein filamenting temperature sensitive Z-ring, and inhibition of protein synthesis and gene expression, all of which will also be discussed. Our review suggests that combination herbal therapy and antibiotics can be effectively used to expand the spectrum of their antimicrobial action. Therefore, combination therapy against multidrug-resistant bacteria may enable new choices for the treatment of infectious diseases and represents a potential area for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Zhejiang University School of Medicine examined the global status of antimicrobial resistance in clinical Enterococcus faecalis isolates. The study found that antibiotic resistance in E. faecalis is increasing worldwide, making it a potentially opportunistic pathogen that can cause various healthcare-associated and life-threatening diseases. The researchers analyzed data from 74 studies conducted in 28 countries and identified significant differences in antibiotic resistance rates across different countries. They also suggested that preventive strategies used in Europe and Australia, where antibiotic resistance is relatively low, could be effective in other regions with high resistance rates. The study concluded that daptomycin and tigecycline could be effective treatments for E. faecalis infections. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from McGill University in Montreal, Canada discusses the use of adjunctive therapy for Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis (EFIE). The researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and effectiveness of aminoglycosides versus ceftriaxone. The meta-analysis included 10 observational studies and found that adjunctive ceftriaxone appeared to be equally effective and less toxic than gentamicin for the treatment of EFIE. However, the evidence did not clearly establish the superiority of either adjunctive therapy or monotherapy. The researchers suggest that ceftriaxone may be a reasonable option for adjunctive therapy until further randomized evidence is available. [Extracted from the article]

Pylum Biosciences Inc. has been issued a patent for enterocins, which are phage tail-like bacteriocins that can kill Enterococcus bacteria. Enterococcus is a genus of bacteria that includes some species associated with human infections and antibiotic resistance. The patent describes the identification, isolation, modification, and expression of genes that produce enterocins, as well as methods to alter their bactericidal specificity. Enterocins have potential applications as antimicrobial agents for treating diseases in humans and animals, decontaminating food products and surfaces, and manipulating microbiomes. This research by Pylum Biosciences Inc. focuses on gram-positive bacteria, specifically Enterococcus. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Yunnan Agricultural University in Kunming, China, has found that the gut symbiont Enterococcus mundtii plays a central role in the resistance of the tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta) to the pesticide chlorantraniliprole (CAP). The researchers isolated seven strains of CAP-tolerant bacteria from the gut of CAP-resistant T. absoluta, with E. mundtii E14 showing the highest tolerance. Through transcriptomics and metabolism analysis, they discovered that E. mundtii E14 can degrade CAP into non-toxic compounds. The study provides new insights into T. absoluta resistance to CAP and highlights the importance of gut symbionts in pest management. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Department of Biotechnologies in Gujarat, India have published a comprehensive review on the exploration and synthesis of bioactive compounds by Enterococcus species. The review discusses the taxonomy, natural habitat, and significance of Enterococcus in biotechnology, as well as the various bioactive compounds it produces, including antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant agents. The article also covers strategies for exploring potential bioactivities, fermentation processes for synthesizing bioactive compounds, and the utilization of these compounds in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. The review concludes with future perspectives and challenges in the field of Enterococcus-derived bioactive compounds. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Islamic Azad University focused on the removal of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin from aqueous solutions using a Photo-Fenton like (PFL) process and CuCOFe2O4@AC (CAC) magnetic nanoparticles as catalysts. The study found that the PFL process was the most effective, achieving a removal efficiency of 95.99%. The research also concluded that the treated wastewater samples were non-toxic to E. coli and E. faecalis bacteria, suggesting that this technique could be used for pharmaceutical industry wastewater treatment. The full study can be accessed through the Applied Water Science journal. [Extracted from the article]

A research study conducted by the Department of Microbiology focused on understanding enterococcus, a common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in hospitals. The study aimed to isolate and identify the organisms causing UTIs and determine their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns. The researchers collected 150 urine samples from different surveillance units in a hospital over a 24-month period. They found that Enterococcus spp. was the most common uropathogen, and the antibiotic Nitrofurantoin had the highest sensitivity against Enterococcus spp. The study also highlighted the impact of nosocomial infections on hospital stays and identified specific pathogens associated with patient mortality. The researchers concluded that further studies should assess the genetic profile of isolated microorganisms and develop early detection methods to improve patient outcomes in critical care units. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from McMaster University explores the rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and the limited development of antibiotics to combat them. The researchers focused on enterococci, a major contributor to this crisis, and investigated the potential use of bacteriophage therapy, which utilizes lytic viruses to kill pathogenic bacteria. Through their research, they identified a genetic locus involved in phage resistance and discovered a protein that inhibits type IV restriction enzymes, which are involved in antiphage defense. These findings provide insight into phage defense mechanisms and how phages evolve to overcome antiphage defense systems. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Gachon University in South Korea analyzed blood culture data from 2016 to 2020 to determine the distribution of bacteria and antibiotic resistance patterns. The most commonly isolated bacterium from blood cultures was Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. The study found that the resistance rates of certain antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and imipenem, increased over the study period for some bacteria. The research highlights the importance of consistently collecting and analyzing blood culture results to inform antibiotic treatment decisions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Sichuan University in China has found distinct changes in the gut microbiome of children with Kawasaki disease (KD), a common pediatric cardiovascular disease. The study aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms of KD and its potential role in disease management and prognosis prediction. The researchers collected fecal samples from 96 KD children and 62 controls and conducted metagenomic analysis. They found significant differences in the gut microbiome between KD patients and controls, including changes in specific bacterial strains and functional pathways. The study suggests that these changes in the gut microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of KD and impact its prognosis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Inje University College of Medicine in Seoul, South Korea conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of three medical detergents on bacteria and yeast-derived biofilms. The detergents EmpowerTM and CidezymeTM were found to significantly reduce the biofilm mass of various species, while Matrix mintTM had no effect. However, biofilms produced by certain organisms, such as Enterococcus faecalis, Candida auris, and Trichosporon asahii, were resistant to all detergent treatments. The study highlights the importance of considering the specific conditions and species when selecting a detergent for biofilm removal. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran has focused on the emergence of antibiotic resistance in hospital-acquired infections, specifically Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE). The study highlights the importance of identifying transmission routes and implementing proper hygiene practices to prevent the spread of VRE among patients. The researchers discuss a case study involving a 2.5-year-old boy with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) who developed a vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection during his hospital stay. The infection was successfully treated with linezolid antibiotics. This research emphasizes the need for healthcare workers to be aware of transmission routes and to practice appropriate hygiene and care procedures in medical centers. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Patras in Greece has investigated the use of thermally treated palygorskite (TP) as an adsorbent to remove Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis from synthetic wastewater. The goal of the research is to find a natural alternative to chlorine-based disinfectants by utilizing TP's antimicrobial properties. The study found that the multilayer arrangement of TP achieved the highest bacterial removal efficiency, reaching 99.1% for E. coli and 98.1% for E. faecalis. The research suggests that TP has significant potential as an adsorbent for wastewater disinfection and further research should focus on scaling this method to real-world conditions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Soonchunhyang University in South Korea has found that totarol, a natural compound derived from Podocarpus totara, exhibits potent antibacterial effects against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VREF). The study showed that totarol not only inhibits biofilm formation but also reduces the viability of bacterial cells. Additionally, when used in combination with vancomycin, totarol demonstrated antibacterial activity. However, since this was an in vitro study, further research is needed to determine the clinical implications of totarol in the treatment of VREF. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Kuwait University has provided new information about Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogen that causes infections in hospitals and the community. The study aimed to investigate the genetic backgrounds and antibiotic resistance of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates in Kuwait hospitals. The researchers collected MSSA isolates from patients in 13 public hospitals and characterized them using various methods. The study found that MSSA isolates in Kuwait hospitals belonged to diverse genetic backgrounds and exhibited resistance to certain antibiotics. This study provides the first comprehensive data on the clonal distribution of MSSA in Kuwait hospitals. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study investigated the population structure of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) within a healthcare center. The study found that 46% of the VREfm isolates formed genetically related clusters, indicating a high transmission rate. The researchers also discovered a significant shift in lineage replacement within nosocomial VREfm populations, both locally and globally. Functional and genomic analysis suggested that the antimicrobial peptide bacteriocin T8 may play a role in the emergence and persistence of VREfm strains in the hospital setting. However, it is important to note that this study has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Division of Public Health has reported a rare case of bacterial meningitis caused by the hematogenous spread of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) in an immunocompromised patient. Typically, VRE meningitis is associated with neurosurgical procedures or devices, making this case unique. The patient, who had received a haploidentical bone marrow transplant for VEXAS syndrome, was successfully treated with a combination of intravenous daptomycin, ceftaroline, and linezolid. This study provides valuable insights into the treatment of VRE meningitis in immunocompromised individuals. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on a case of empyema caused by Enterococcus gallinarum, a rare pathogen. Topics include the identification of Enterococcus gallinarum in a patient with empyema, the clinical presentation and treatment involving thoracic drainage and linezolid, and the need to consider this pathogen in immunocompromised patients unresponsive to standard treatments.

A study conducted at the University Hospital of Campania in Naples, Italy, examined the epidemiological and microbiological aspects of aerobic vaginitis in female patients over a five-year period. The most common strains found were E. coli, Citrobacter spp., E. faecalis, S. haemolitycus, and Candida albicans. The study also analyzed the susceptibility patterns of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial isolates and found that certain antibiotics were more effective against each type. The researchers concluded that integrating proper microbiological cultures into clinical practice and implementing nationwide surveillance guidelines are necessary to improve the management of aerobic vaginitis and combat antimicrobial resistance. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Zhejiang, China, examined the effects of b-lactam antibiotics on the gut microbiota of term neonates. The research found that b-lactam antibiotics disrupted the intestinal microbiota, favoring the growth of certain bacteria such as Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Alistipes, and Aeromonas. The impact of the antibiotics varied depending on factors such as the duration and type of antibiotic, delivery method (vaginal or cesarean), and feeding patterns. The study concluded that b-lactam antibiotic treatment for neonatal pneumonia and sepsis can significantly alter the gut microbiota, particularly after cesarean delivery. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Aarhus University in Denmark discusses the potential use of the probiotic strain Enterococcus lactis SF68 in food fermentation. The strain has been approved by the European Food Safety Authority and has shown the ability to metabolize various carbohydrates and produce bacteriocins, which can help eliminate pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in fermented foods. The research highlights the versatility and potential of SF68 in safe food production. The study has been peer-reviewed and published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Universidade Federal de Campina Grande have conducted a study on the antibacterial effects of (R)-(+)-limonene against Enterococcus faecalis and Enterobacter cloacae strains. The study found that (R)-(+)-limonene exhibited moderate bactericidal effects against E. faecalis strains, but had no antibacterial effect against E. cloacae strains. However, when combined with certain synthetic antimicrobials, (R)-(+)-limonene showed synergistic effects against most strains. The researchers suggest that (R)-(+)-limonene holds promise for enhancing the treatment of bacterial infections, but further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and mechanisms. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a study on the antimicrobial efficacy of nano-based intracanal medications conducted by Tanta University, published in the journal Clinical Trials Week on August 2, 2024. Topics include the evaluation of triple antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and chlorohexidine loaded by silver nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis reduction, the study design involving randomized, double-masked intervention, and the anticipated outcomes related to bacterial count reduction.

Researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota have conducted a study comparing two high-throughput liquid-based assays for testing the susceptibility of phages (viruses that infect bacteria) against bacterial isolates. Phage therapy is a promising strategy for treating drug-resistant bacterial infections, but not all phages are effective against all strains of bacteria. The study found that both assays provided good statistical reproducibility for assessing phage susceptibility, with high agreement between the two methods for non-susceptible isolates. This research contributes to the development of standardized and clinically validated methods for testing the activity of phages against bacterial infections. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on a case of refractory peritonitis related to peritoneal dialysis caused by Enterococcus gallinarum. Topics include the challenges in diagnosing and treating vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus gallinarum, the empirical treatment and subsequent adjustments made for the patient, and the resolution of the infection following catheter removal.

A study conducted by researchers at the University of Calabria in Italy explores the effects of essential oils (EOs) from Southern Italian aromatic plants on the activity of antibiotics against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. The study found that all EOs inhibited the growth of E. coli, while the growth of P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis was only affected by specific EOs. The combination of EOs and antibiotics also inhibited biofilm formation and induced changes in methylation patterns. The study suggests that synergistic interactions between EOs and antibiotics could be effective in dealing with antibiotic-resistant pathogens. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the potential of two natural ribosomally-synthesized lasso peptides, sviceucin and siamycin I, as new drugs to combat antibiotic resistance. The peptides were found to inhibit the histidine kinases FsrC and VanS, which control bacterial virulence and vancomycin resistance in enterococci and Staphylococcus aureus. The peptides were effective in restoring vancomycin susceptibility in vitro and in a surrogate animal model, and strains resistant to the vancomycin/peptide combination were still susceptible to the peptides' anti-virulence effect. This research suggests that these lasso peptides could be promising candidates for the development of next-generation antibiotics. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Chiang Mai University in Thailand have conducted a study on the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of aqueous crude Gymnema inodorum leaf extract (GIE) against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF). The study found that GIE exhibited antimicrobial activity against VREF, with inhibition zones of 8.33 mm and 8.67 mm at concentrations of 50 g/disk and 100 g/disk, respectively. GIE also showed potential as an antioxidant and was able to inhibit and eradicate biofilms formed by VREF. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and optimize the use of GIE for therapeutic applications. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Zimbabwe explored the genomic traits of infant-associated microbiota members, specifically Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus, in a Zimbabwean cohort. The researchers isolated bacterial strains from the gut of Zimbabwean infants and compared their genomic characteristics with strains from infants in North America, Europe, and other regions of Africa. The study found location-based clustering within taxonomic groups and identified species-specific variances in the potential of Bifidobacterium for metabolizing human milk oligosaccharides. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in infant-associated microbes raises concerns for infection risk and probiotic development. This research contributes to the development of probiotic interventions tailored to the Zimbabwean population and provides insights into antimicrobial resistance in different regions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University College London (UCL) discusses the potential of bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides naturally produced by bacteria, in fighting antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The researchers at UCL have developed a bacteriocin secretion platform that can express and secrete multiple bacteriocins from non-pathogenic Escherichia coli host strains. They have successfully created strains that show strong antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. The researchers believe that this system has the potential to be used as a live biotherapeutic product for targeted killing of pathogenic bacteria. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Bnai Zion Medical Center in Haifa, Israel, focused on a rare case of polymicrobial bivalvular endocarditis caused by a coinfection of Enterococcus faecalis and Coxiella burnetii in a 62-year-old male patient. The researchers emphasized the need for further evaluation of infective endocarditis caused by Coxiella burnetii, particularly in cases of culture-negative endocarditis and in the presence of valvular heart disease. They also highlighted the nonspecific clinical presentation of Q fever endocarditis, which can lead to delayed or missed diagnosis and potentially fatal outcomes. The study suggests that this approach should be applied even when typical pathogens are isolated, especially in areas where Q fever is endemic. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Wuhan University in China have conducted a study on the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with Triton X-100 (TX) to target Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) infections in root canals. E. faecalis is a bacterium that is resistant to many antibacterial agents and is commonly found in infected root canals. The study found that PDT combined with TX showed enhanced antibacterial efficiency against both planktonic cells and biofilms of E. faecalis. The researchers concluded that this combination could be a highly effective method for disinfecting root canals. The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Combi Corporation in Saitama, Japan, explores the effects of Enterococcus faecalis EC-12 (EC-12) on liver gene expression and aging in mice. The study found that short-term administration of EC-12 stimulated genes involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism in the liver, while long-term administration resulted in improvements in blood interleukin concentrations and a decrease in monocyte chemotactic protein-1 concentration. These findings suggest that continuous intake of EC-12 from a young age may help suppress liver function abnormalities and contribute to overall health in old age. The study was published in the journal Nutrients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd. in Xi'an, China, examined the structure of microbial groups in the sediment-water interface (SWI) and the relationship between gene expression levels of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus, two pathogenic bacteria, and nutrient levels. The study found that the sediment had significantly higher nutrient content compared to the overlying water. The microbial community structure in the sediment was primarily dominated by the genera Methyloparacoccus, Methylomonas, and Arenimonas. The study also found that E. coli and Enterococcus were more abundant in the surface sediment than in the overlying water. The research concluded that E. coli had a significant positive correlation with total nitrogen and total phosphorus, while Enterococcus had a very significant positive correlation with these nutrients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia have conducted a study on Enterococcus faecalis, a common pathogen known to cause endodontic infections and pulp periapical periodontitis. The study aimed to investigate the dissemination of E. faecalis from gingival tissue to the heart and kidney. The researchers found that there was an upregulation of E. faecalis gene expression and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the gingiva, heart, and kidney samples at 7 days post induction, which decreased at 14 days. This suggests a possible link between periodontal disease, heart disease, and kidney disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent preprint abstract discusses the rising prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, particularly MDR enterococci, and the stagnant development of antibiotics to combat these infections. The abstract suggests that bacteriophage (phage) therapy, which uses lytic viruses to kill pathogenic bacteria, may be a potential therapeutic approach for MDR enterococci. The researchers used a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screen to identify a genetic locus involved in phage resistance in Enterococcus faecalis. They found that a putative serine recombinase followed by a Type IV restriction enzyme (TIV-RE) restricts the replication of phage phi47 in E. faecalis, and that phi47 evolves to overcome this restriction by acquiring a missense mutation in a TIV-RE inhibitor protein. The inhibitor, called type IV restriction inhibiting factor A (tifA), binds and inactivates diverse TIV-REs. This research provides insight into phage defense in drug-resistant E. faecalis and how phages evolve to overcome antiphage defense systems. [Extracted from the article]

University of Arkansas researchers conducted a study to determine if feeding pigs a water-soluble chlorophyllin product could affect the antibiotic resistance profiles of fecal bacteria. The study involved two trials and found that chlorophyllin supplementation did not have an adverse effect on the pigs' feed intake or weight gain. However, the presence of certain antibiotics in the pigs' diets was associated with higher populations of E. coli and enterococci in their feces. The researchers concluded that further research is needed to optimize chlorophyll administration for potential practical applications in the swine industry. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon examined the antimicrobial effect of three endodontic sealers (AH Plus, Mineral trioxide aggregate [MTA] Fillapex, and BioRoot RCS) with and without amoxicillin against Enterococcus faecalis. The study found that the addition of amoxicillin to the sealers enhanced their antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis. The results were analyzed using various statistical tests. This research provides valuable insights into the potential use of amoxicillin in endodontic treatments. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study published in the journal Nature has shed light on the role of the microbiome in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), a common complication of allogenic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The study focused on the prevalence and implications of Enterococcus domination in allo-HCT patients and identified an intriguing bacteriophage-derived enzyme called endolysin that specifically targets Enterococcus faecalis. The endolysin exhibited potent antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and effectively lysed biofilms without affecting other intestinal bacteria species. The findings hold promise for future applications in preventing or treating aGVHD. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers from Hirosaki University in Japan has investigated the relationship between peripancreatic bacterial contamination (PBC) and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). The study found that early PBC is a significant factor in the development of CR-POPF, and controlling pathogenic bacteria is crucial in preventing this complication. Specifically, Enterococcus faecalis was identified as a potentially causative bacteria and displayed high resistance to cephalosporins. The study suggests that prophylactic antibiotic administration targeting Enterococcus faecalis may effectively reduce the risk of CR-POPF. [Extracted from the article]