415 results on '"Dong Zhi"'
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2. Harnessing Visible Light for CO2Conversion: The Role of Highly Reduced Phosphomolybdate Crystals as Powerful Photocatalysts
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Zhu, Yin-Hua, Yang, Jian-Bo, Dong, Zhi-Ming, Mei, Hua, and Xu, Yan
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Heterogeneous photocatalysts, characterized by well-defined atomic structures and the capacity for rapid, directional electron transfer, are pivotal in the exploration and development of highly efficient systems for visible-light-driven diluted CO2reduction. Herein, we constructed highly reduced phosphomolybdates crystalline materials 1–3to help this process, with the formula of [Co2(C8N3H7)4][Co2(C8N3H7)4(H2O)2][Co(H7P4Mo6O31)2]·8H2O (1), [Ni2(C8N3H7)4(H2O)2][Ni2(C8N3H7)4][Ni(H2O)4][Ni(H6P4Mo6O31)2]·3H2O·2C2H5OH (2), and [Zn2(C8N3H7)2][Zn2(C8N3H7)4][Zn2(C8N3H7)2(H2O)2][Zn(H5P4Mo6O31)2] (3) [C8N3H7= 2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine]. Specifically, catalyst 1demonstrated a CO production rate of 3276.4 μmol g–1h–1in an environment with 20% CO2concentration, and an impressively elevated rate of 10740.3 μmol g–1h–1in a pure CO2atmosphere. Steady-state photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed that the directional migration of photoelectrons from the Ru complexes to the catalyst was instrumental in enhancing the catalytic activity. This study provides valuable insights into the rational operation of low-concentration CO2conversion treatment and the design and synthesis of photocatalysts.
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- 2024
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3. Prenatal genetic investigation in pregnancies with oligohydramnios: Results from a single referral medical center
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Li, Yan-Lin, Zhen, Li, Lin, Xiao-Mei, Qin, Jia-Chun, and Li, Dong-Zhi
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The aim of this study was to investigate the value of genetic testing using exome sequencing (ES) in oligohydramnios pregnancies with or without other structural abnormalities.
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- 2024
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4. Exploring an eco-friendly approach to improve soil tensile behavior and cracking resistance
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Li, Lin, Tang, Chao-Sheng, Xu, Jin-Jian, Wei, Yao, Dong, Zhi-Hao, Liu, Bo, Zhang, Xi-Ying, and Shi, Bin
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Soil tensile strength is a critical parameter governing the initiation and propagation of tensile cracking. This study proposes an eco-friendly approach to improve the tensile behavior and crack resistance of clayey soils. To validate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed approach, direct tensile tests were employed to determine the tensile strength of the compacted soil with different W-OH treatment concentrations and water contents. Desiccation tests were also performed to evaluate the effectiveness of W-OH treatment in enhancing soil tensile cracking resistance. During this period, the effects of W-OH treatment concentration and water content on tensile properties, soil suction and microstructure were investigated. The tensile tests reveal that W-OH treatment has a significant impact on the tensile strength and failure mode of the soil, which not only effectively enhances the tensile strength and failure displacement, but also changes the brittle failure behavior into a more ductile quasi-brittle failure behavior. The suction measurements and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests show that W-OH treatment can slightly reduce soil suction by affecting skeleton structure and increasing macropores. Combined with the microstructural analysis, it becomes evident that the significant improvement in soil tensile behavior through W-OH treatment is mainly attributed to the W-OH gel's ability to provide additional binding force for bridging and encapsulating the soil particles. Moreover, desiccation tests demonstrate that W-OH treatment can significantly reduce or even inhibit the formation of soil tensile cracking. With the increase of W-OH treatment concentration, the surface crack ratio and total crack length are significantly reduced. This study enhances a fundamental understanding of eco-polymer impacts on soil mechanical properties and provides valuable insight into their potential application for improving soil crack resistance.
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- 2024
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5. Prediction of Damage Behavior of Casting Aluminum Components Considering Inhomogeneous Properties
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Lang, Yu Ling, Sun, Dong Zhi, Zhu, Zhi Hua, Ci, Xiang, Kong, De Cai, Qiao, Hai Bo, and Wang, Wen Bo
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The purpose of the work is to quantify and predict the influence of inhomogeneity of local properties on the overall behavior of the selected casting aluminum wheel and knuckle in different loading cases. Smooth and notched tensile specimens and torsion specimens are extracted from different positions in the wheel and knuckle and tested. The dependences of the flow stress, the fracture strain, and the S-N curve on position for specimen extraction are evaluated. Metallographic investigations are performed to reveal the relations between microstructure/microdefects and the mentioned properties. A damage model based on a triaxiality-dependent fracture strain is calibrated and used to simulate the specimens and component tests. The simulations of static wheel tests and knuckle fatigue tests are performed with position-dependent material parameters. The prediction of the component tests is compared with the experimental results.
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- 2024
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6. Small Conjugated Organic Ligand-Modified Polyoxometalate-Based Hybrid Materials for Boosting Photocatalytic CO2Reduction
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Dong, Zhi-Ming, Zhu, Yin-Hua, Zhou, Jiu-Lin, Xiang, Xin-Ying, Pan, Jia-Hang, Mei, Hua, and Xu, Yan
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Photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction to value-added chemicals is a multielectron transfer process, and the crucial step is the synthesis of photocatalysts. The introduction of small conjugated organic ligands can make the catalytic active site of the compound easier to be exposed in the reaction system and fully contact with the substrate, accelerating the photocatalytic reaction process. In this paper, we synthesized two isomorphic compounds, namely, {[Co(mtrz)3·(H2O)2]2·[SiW12O40]}·6H2O (1) and {[Ni(mtrz)3·(H2O)2]2·[SiW12O40]}·6H2O (2) (mtrz = 1-methyl-1,2,4-triazole). We found that compound 1has a great photocatalytic performance through a series of experiments, with a CO reduction yield of 7364.92 μmol g–1h–1and a CO selectivity of 82.5%. Furthermore, the high catalytic activity can be maintained over four cycle experiments. The catalytic mechanism of its photocatalytic system is also elucidated, which provides an idea for realizing efficient catalytic reduction of CO2to CO.
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- 2024
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7. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective 1,2-Allylation of Azadienes with Allylboronates
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Dong, Zhi-Hong, Li, Shu, Long, Teng, Zhan, Jie, Ruan, Cheng-kai, Yan, Xu, Chu, Wen-Dao, Yuan, Kun, and Liu, Quan-Zhong
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Catalytic asymmetric 1,2-allylation of aurone-derived azadienes is very difficult to achieve due to the driving force for aromatization and the greater steric hindrance of 1,2-addition compared with 1,4-addition. By taking advantage of the ability of nitrogen ligated metal complexes, we successfully demonstrated the first example of copper-catalyzed 1,2-allylation of azadienes with allylboronates for the highly enantioselective synthesis of homoallylic amines. Meanwhile, the enantioenriched 1,4-addition products could also be obtained through a subsequent 3,3-sigmatropic rearrangement of the 1,2-addition products. Extensive DFT calculations were carried out to elucidate the origins of high regioselectivity (1,2- vs 1,4-) and enantioselectivity.
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- 2024
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8. Selective Construction of C–S/S–N Bonds from N-Substituted O-Thiocarbamates and Indoles under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions
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Liu, Wen-Jie, Hu, Zhi-Chao, Wu, Yu-Xi, Deng, Shi-Hao, Ren, Zhi-Lin, and Dong, Zhi-Bing
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A method for the selective construction of S–N/C(sp2)-S bonds using N-substituted O-thiocarbamates and indoles as substrates is reported. This protocol features good atom utilization, mild conditions, short reaction time, and wide substrate scope, which can provide a convenient path for the functionalization of indoles. In addition, the reaction could be scaled up on gram scale, showing potential application value in industry synthesis.
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- 2024
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9. Precise Control over Molecular Blocks to Achieve Robust Mechanical Properties of Bioinspired Nucleobase-Containing Polymers
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Wu, Jiang, Dong, Zhi, Shen, Xinyi, Zhao, Mengyuan, Zeng, Fanxuan, Tao, Yan, Lu, Liang, Hua, Zan, and Liu, Guangming
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Inspired by nature, materials scientists are highly motivated to achieve efficient control over building blocks at the molecular level for the fabrication of robust materials. Highly specific supramolecular hydrogen bonding between complementary nucleobases provides us with a straightforward and feasible route to precisely placing molecular motifs in polymer materials. In this work, we have demonstrated that precise supramolecular hydrogen-bonding pairing of nucleobase-containing monomers endows the attained polymer network with prominent mechanical properties, including high toughness, outstanding energy dissipation, excellent damping capacity, and good crack resistance. Complementary nucleobases adenine- and thymine-containing monomers with long alkyl chains were prepared, and the influence of distinct solvents on their hydrogen bond (H-bond)-forming capacity was explored. The H-bond-supporting solvent such as chloroform gives a high association constant of 36.0 M–1, while the H-bond-competitor solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide generates a weak binding of only 2.8 M–1. The covalent “locking” of the precise supramolecular pairing of building blocks results in the formation of well-defined networks with a high supramolecular cross-linking density and activation energy, manifesting outstanding mechanical properties. This work reports an efficient route to constructing robust polymer materials by precisely controlling the hydrogen-bonding pairing of bioinspired nucleobase-containing building blocks.
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- 2024
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10. Selective Synthesis of Sulfonamides and Sulfenamides from Sodium Sulfinates and Amines
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Feng, Rong, Li, Zhong-Yu, Liu, Yue-Jin, and Dong, Zhi-Bing
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An effective method was explored for the selective synthesis of sulfonamides and sulfenamides using sodium sulfinates and amines as starting materials. This method offers mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, high efficiency, and readily accessible materials, making it suitable and an alternative strategy for the preparation of a variety of biologically or pharmaceutically active compounds.
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- 2024
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11. Management strategies and outcomes in pregnancy-related acute aortic dissection: a multicentre cohort study in China
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Liu, Hong, Yang, Liu, Chen, Cui-ying, Qian, Si-chong, Ma, Lu-yao, Diao, Yi-fei, Wu, Xiao-yu, Wu, Shu-yan, Dong, Zhi-qiang, Shao, Yong-feng, Zhang, Hong-jia, Sun, Li-Zhong, Zhu, Jun-ming, Zhang, Jia-rong, and Li, Haiyang
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BackgroundAcute aortic dissection (AD) in pregnancy poses a lethal risk to both mother and fetus. However, well-established therapeutic guidelines are lacking. This study aimed to investigate clinical features, outcomes and optimal management strategies for pregnancy-related AD.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study including 67 women with acute AD during pregnancy or within 12 weeks postpartum from three major cardiovascular centres in China between 2003 and 2021. Patient characteristics, management strategies and short-term outcomes were analysed.ResultsMedian age was 31 years, with AD onset at median 32 weeks gestation. Forty-six patients (68.7%) had type A AD, of which 41 underwent immediate surgery. Overall maternal mortality was 10.4% (7/67) and fetal mortality was 26.9% (18/67). Compared with immediate surgery, selective surgery was associated with higher risk of composite maternal and fetal death (adjusted RR: 12.47 (95% CI 3.26 to 47.73); p=0.0002) and fetal death (adjusted RR: 8.77 (95% CI 2.33 to 33.09); p=0.001).ConclusionsImmediate aortic surgery should be considered for type A AD at any stage of pregnancy or postpartum. For pregnant women with AD before fetal viability, surgical treatment with the fetus in utero should be considered. Management strategies should account for dissection type, gestational age, and fetal viability.Trial registration numberNCT05501145.
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- 2024
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12. Segmentation of Chinese Urban Real Estate Market: A Demand-Supply Distribution Perspective
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Dong, Jichang, Li, Xiuting, Li, Wencong, and Dong, Zhi
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This study proposed a new perspective on the analysis of the regional features of real estate market and explored a more reliable segmentation method for Chinese urban real estate market based on the optimization of supply-demand resource distribution. A two-stage clustering procedure is proposed based on supply and demand elements and market performance respectively. And six clustering algorithms were used to divide 283 Chinese cities at the prefecture level or above into three clusters and 13 sub-clusters, which are identified as key regulatory region, stable development region and region that needs policy support. Differentiated regulatory policy suggestions are accordingly provided for each cluster.
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- 2024
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13. General radical difluoromethylation using difluoroacetic anhydride viaphotoredox catalysis
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He, Meng, Yang, Yankai, Zhang, Heng, Guan, Zhipeng, Dong, Zhi-Bing, Yi, Hong, and Lei, Aiwen
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CF2H-containing molecules play pivotal roles in diverse fields from medicinal chemistry to materials science. However, the application of existing CF2H reagents as a source of CF2H radical is limited by their reactivity and preparation. Herein, we develop a simple and general visible-light-catalyzed radical difluoromethylation reaction of alkenes, dienes, and heteroaromatics using commercially available, easy-to-handle, and low-cost difluoroacetic anhydride as the CF2H reagent. This scalable protocol enables the convenient synthesis of a range of CF2H-containing compounds under mild conditions, exhibiting a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance. Potential applications are further demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis, sunlight experiments, derivatization experiments as well as the synthesis of bioactive molecules.
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- 2024
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14. Snow resisting capacity of Caragana microphyllaand Achnatherum splendensin a typical steppe region of Inner Mongolia, China
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Yan, Min, Zuo, Hejun, Wang, Haibing, Dong, Zhi, and Li, Gangtie
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Snow resisting capacity of vegetation is important for secondary distribution of water resources in seasonal snow areas of grassland because it affects the regeneration, growth and nutrient circulation of vegetation in grassland. This study investigated vegetation characteristics (canopy height, canopy length and crown width) of Caragana microphyllaLam. (shrub) and Achnatherum splendens(Trin.) Nevski. (herb), and snow morphologies (snow depth, snow width and snow braid length) in a typical steppe region of Inner Mongolia, China in 2017. And the influence of vegetation characteristic on snow resisting capacity (the indices of bottom area of snow and snow volume reflect snow resisting capacity) was analyzed. The results showed that snow morphology depends on vegetation characteristics of shrub and herb. The canopy height was found to have the greatest influence on snow depth and the crown width had the greatest influence on snow width. The canopy length was found to have little influence on morphological parameters of snow. When the windward areas of C. microphyllaand A. splendenswere within the ranges of 0.0–0.5 m2and 0.0–8.0 m2, respectively, the variation of snow cover was large; however, beyond these areas, the variation of snow cover became gradually stable. The potential area of snow retardation for a single plant was 1.5–2.5 m2and the amount of snow resistance was 0.15–0.20 m3. The bottom area of snow and snow volume (i.e., snow resisting capacity) of clumped C. microphyllaand A. splendenswas found to be 4 and 25 times that of individual plant, respectively. The results could provide a theoretical basis both for the estimation of snow cover and the establishment of a plant-based technical system for the control of windblown snow in the typical steppe region of Inner Mongolia.
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- 2024
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15. Thiolation of Terminal Alkynes with Thiuram Disulfide Reagents Using Water as the Hydrogen Source: Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)-Vinyl Sulfides
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Wang, Dan, Du, Jing, Lin, Wan-Li, Li, Yue-Sheng, and Dong, Zhi-Bing
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A stereoselective and environmentally friendly thiolation of terminal alkynes was reported. Thiuram disulfide reagents (tetramethylthiuram disulfide and tetraethylthiuram disulfide) that reacted with alkynes in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/H2O could give (Z)-vinyl sulfides in good yields (up to 88%). This protocol features broad substrate scope, good stereoselectivity, high atom economy, good yields, and is transition metal-free. Mechanistic studies revealed that water and DMSO served as hydrogen sources, which greatly highlighted the unique reactivity of this special reaction involving two H-atom donors.
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- 2023
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16. Stability Study on the Bucket Foundation with Multi-Compartment During the Floating-up Process Considering Air Compressibility
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Ye, Fang-di, Lian, Ji-jian, Guo, Yao-hua, Wang, Hai-jun, Xiao, Tian-run, Xiong, Dong-zhi, and Yu, Tong-shun
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In the process of developing offshore wind power towards deeper waters, the advantages of the bucket foundation in terms of integrated construction and economy are becoming increasingly evident. In contrast to conventional floating bodies, the air-floating bucket foundations can achieve self-floating with the help of the air in the compartment and adjust its buoyancy and stability by controlling the air volume in the compartment. The construction process of the bucket foundation involves the control of air in the compartment, thus making it more difficult to construct. Especially after the prefabrication of the bucket foundation, the stability of the bucket foundation at the floating-up stage is particularly critical. The stability of a multi-compartment bucket foundation during the floating-up process cannot be accurately evaluated as the existing theoretical method of air-floating structures does not adequately consider air compressibility. To ensure the safety of the floating-up process, a theoretical method based on the idea of intact stability has been developed to analyze the stability of the air-floating bucket foundations, which will allow accurate calculation of the righting arm for different tilt states and critical air leakage angle. At the same time, accuracy and feasibility of the proposed theoretical method are verified through indoor model tests and practical operation of the prototype structure during the floating-up process. In addition, measures to enhance the stability of the bucket foundation are proposed through sensitivity analysis of influencing factors.
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- 2023
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17. Peer Effects in Financial Investment of Board-interlocked Firms: An Information Sharing Perspective
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Dong, Jichang, Liu, Xiaoting, Ji, Kangxian, Li, Xiuting, and Dong, Zhi
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This paper aims to investigate the peer effects in financial investment of board-interlocked firms from the information sharing perspective. Based on board interlock and financial information of A-share listed nonfinancial firms in China, we construct board interlocking networks where firms share at least one board member in common and conduct an empirical investigation into peer effects in financial investment of board interlocking firms. The results demonstrate that peer effects are noticeably found in nonfinancial firms even after ruling out endogenous concerns by applying peers’ peers’ characteristics as instrumental variables, and carrying out robustness tests and placebo tests. In addition, the main manifestation of these peer effects is that firms with inferior quality information, i.e., poor financial conditions, low market capitalization, and higher stock idiosyncratic volatility, tend to follow companies that are perceived as having superior quality information in the above-mentioned areas. Firms located in the core position of board interlocking network or with more assets are more likely to be influenced by peers, because they can obtain more high-quality information. Different from existing studies, this paper provides a board interlocking perspective to the study of peer effects, which offers a new explanation for the expansion of financial activities of firms in China.
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- 2023
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18. Nickel-Catalyzed Three-Component Alkylarylation of Alkenyl N-Heteroarenes
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Long, Teng, Zeng, Ya-Li, Dong, Zhi-Hong, Li, Shu, Zhan, Jie, Zeng, Sheng-Min, Qiu, Jia-Li, Chu, Wen-Dao, and Liu, Quan-Zhong
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A nickel-catalyzed three-component alkylarylation of alkenyl N-heteroarenes with α-bromocarboxylates and aryl boronic acids is reported. The protocol provides a new method to access a variety of N-heteroarene substituted diarylalkanes in moderate to good yields. It features mild reaction conditions, cheap nickel catalyst, readily available substrates, and broad substrate scope.
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- 2023
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19. Glyoxylic Acid Monohydrate-Promoted Formation of the C–SO2Bond Starting from Maleimides/Quinones and Sodium Sulfinates
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Deng, Shi-Hao, Zhao, Shi-Yi, Huang, Yi-Yun, Chang, Meng-Ran, and Dong, Zhi-Bing
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By using glyoxylic acid monohydrate as a promoter, a wide range of substances containing a C–SO2bond could be obtained from N-substituted maleimides or quinones and sodium sulfinates. The protocol features mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, and good atomic economics, which provides an alternative protocol for the α-sulfonylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones.
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- 2023
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20. Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Is Associated with Motor, Cognitive, and Emotional Dysfunction in Multiple System Atrophy
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Yang, Xiao-Li, Guo, Yu, Chen, Shu-Fen, Cui, Mei, Shao, Rong-Rong, Huang, Yu-Yuan, Luo, Yu-Fan, Dong, Zhi-Yuan, Dong, Qiang, Wu, Dan-Hong, and Yu, Jin-Tai
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Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has not been systematically studied in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). We sought to explore whether MSA patients suffer from a heavier CSVD burden relative to healthy individuals and whether CSVD has a relationship with motor, cognitive, and emotional dysfunction in patients with MSA. This study consecutively recruited 190 MSA patients and 190 matched healthy controls whose overall CSVD burden and single CSVD imaging markers (including white matter hyperintensity (WMH), microbleeds, lacunes, and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS)) were measured. Of the MSA patients, 118 completed multi-dimensional outcome assessments. Spearman’s correlations and multivariable linear regressions were performed. We observed a greater burden of overall CSVD, WMH, and EPVS in MSA patients compared with controls, but not for microbleeds and lacunes. Motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment were significantly worse in subjects with severe CSVD than those with none-to-mild CSVD. In patients with MSA, the severity of CSVD burden was positively associated with motor impairments as measured by the Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale-II (β= 2.430, p = 0.039) and Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (β= 1.882, p = 0.015). Of CSVD imaging markers, different associations with MSA outcomes were displayed. WMH was associated with motor, cognitive, and emotional deficits, while the EPVS in the centrum semiovale, basal ganglia, and hippocampus regions was correlated only with motor severity, anxiety, and cognition, respectively. Similar findings were noted in MSA-cerebellar and MSA-parkinsonian patients. Concomitant CSVD may be correlated with worse multi-dimensional dysfunction in patients with MSA.
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- 2023
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21. Revealing anisotropic mechanisms in mechanical and degradation properties of zinc fabricated by laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing.
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Dong, Zhi, Han, Changjun, Liu, Guoqiang, Zhang, Jiao, Li, Qinglin, Zhao, Yanzhe, Wu, Hong, Yang, Yongqiang, and Wang, Jianhua
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STRAIN hardening ,TENSILE strength ,ANISOTROPY ,MICROSTRUCTURE ,ZINC - Abstract
• Anisotropic mechanical and degradation properties of LPBF-processed Zn were studied. • Effect of microstructure anisotropy on mechanical properties of Zn was revealed. • Deformation mechanisms of Zn in horizontal and vertical planes were elucidated. • Relation between microstructure anisotropy and degradation behaviors was discussed. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing of zinc (Zn) offers promising advantages for biodegradable metal bone implants, including tailorable microstructures, controllable porous structures, and appropriate degradation rates. However, the layer-by-layer construction during LPBF often leads to microstructural and performance anisotropy within metallic materials. In this work, the anisotropic mechanical and degradation properties of pure Zn processed using LPBF were comprehensively investigated for the first time. Specifically, the influence of microstructural characteristics on the mechanical and degradation properties of LPBF-processed Zn in both horizontal and vertical planes was revealed, while the underlying deformation mechanisms in different planes were illustrated. The results demonstrated that the horizontal plane exhibited higher mechanical strength compared to the vertical plane, with ultimate tensile strength of 123.6 and 107.86 MPa, respectively, significantly surpassing that of the traditionally cast counterpart (52.7 MPa). Importantly, abundant deformation twins coupled with infrequent microbands and pyramidal 〈 c + a 〉 slip systems activated during tensile loading along the vertical plane enabled multiple deformation modes, which sustained durable work hardening ability while delaying plastic instability, resulting in extraordinary plasticity (elongation of 14.2 %). Additionally, synergistic effects between high-density grain boundaries including low-angle grain boundaries and pre-existing dislocations promoted the stable presence of a passive film along the horizontal plane, thus exhibiting relatively low corrosion sensitivity. Furthermore, the LPBF-processed Zn also demonstrated favorable biological activity and osteogenic potential. These findings provide valuable insights into multiple mechanisms underlying anisotropy in mechanical and degradation properties of laser additively manufactured Zn-based materials. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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22. Neuroprotection of β-caryophyllene against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting P38 MAPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway
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Zhao, Hongxia, Deng, Ling, Chen, Sha, Wang, Xuan, and Dong, Zhi
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The main objective of our research was to explore the neuroprotective effect and underlying mechanism of β-caryophyllene (BCP) pretreatment against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Neurological deficit score, infarct size, and sensorimotor function were assessed 24 h following reperfusion. Additionally, histopathological damage of neurons was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The mRNA level of nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. The expressions of p-p38, p38, NLRP3, procaspase-1, and ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) were measured using western blot analysis. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) were quantified utilizing the ELISA. Our findings indicated that BCP pretreatment significantly reduced the infarct volume, neurologic deficit score, sensorimotor deficits, histopathological damage, and expression of inflammatory factors. Besides, BCP pretreatment effectively suppressed the expression of p-p38, as well as the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. The administration of anisomycin, an activator of p38 MAPK, was found to notably impede the favorable outcomes conferred by BCP pretreatment, which included reducing the infarct volume, improving the neurologic deficit score, mitigating the sensorimotor deficits, and attenuating the histopathological damage. Furthermore, anisomycin effectively reversed the suppressive impact of BCP on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This research uncovered that pretreatment with BCP has the potential to alleviate CIRI by effectively suppressing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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- 2023
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23. Simulation of Outgassing Breakdown Induced by Electromagnetic Radiation on a Thermal Control Layer
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Liu, Wei, Hao, Jian-Hong, Zhang, Fang, Zhao, Qiang, Fan, Jie-Qing, Xue, Bi-Xi, and Dong, Zhi-Wei
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The actual working environment of spacecraft in space is highly harsh, among which space radiation is the primary harmful environmental factor leading to spacecraft failure in orbit. This study investigates field emission, multipacting, and outgassing ionization as effects of electromagnetic radiation on the thermal control layer (TCL) of spacecraft. Based on the particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation method coupled with Monte Carlo collisions (MCCs), a 2-D simulation model of particle motion in a vacuum is created to study the evolution of the point discharge process of electromagnetic irradiation breakdown to generate plasma. Simulated and analyzed results show the impact of various microwave amplitudes, frequencies, and gas densities on the interface breakdown of thermal control materials. According to the findings, the number of primary electrons generated and the energy attained by them in the microwave field increase with the electric field, speeding up secondary electron emission, and gaseous collision ionization; the time it takes for the electrons to return to bombard the surface of the material under the influence of the microwave field is shortened with increasing microwave frequency, which promotes electron multipacting; the frequency of collisions and ionization increases with gas density, which facilitates the occurrence of avalanche ionization. After the avalanche, there is a large energy deposition of plasma on the surface of the thermally controlled material, which results in a quick rise in temperature and subsequent damage.
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- 2023
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24. Historical Review of Acute Pancreatitis Research Over the Last 80 Years
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Han, Chao, Dong, Zhi-Qi, Li, Zhao-Shen, and Hu, Liang-Hao
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- 2023
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25. An Improved Approach for Interaction of Wave with Floating Spheres and Its Applications
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Liu, Can, Dong, Zhi-yong, Pan, Yun, Tong, Huan-huan, and Yang, Li-jing
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To develop and utilize marine resources in the deep sea, the higher requirements for floating structures, which are operated in marine environment for a long term, have been put forward. Reasonable structure type and accurate force analysis are favorable guarantees to improve the survival performance and working performance of the floating structures. Floating spheres fastened by mooring cable were widely used in floating structures. In this paper, the wave forces of the floating sphere are efficiently and accurately calculated by solving the geometric relationship between the non-submerged floating sphere and wave surface. Combined with the hydrodynamic calculation of mooring cables based on the lumped mass method, the coupled motion model of multi-floating spheres fastened by multi-mooring cable was established under wave action. Furthermore, according to the floating structures fastened by mooring cable in the actual ocean engineering, the topological method of multi-mooring cables fastening the multifloating spheres was expounded from simple to complex. Finally, the modeling method and preliminarily hydrodynamic characteristics of the fastened floating structures, including the mooring system of renewable energy devices, ocean buoy, and coral nursery, were presented and analyzed in detail. The obtained results showed that the method for calculating the wave force on the floating sphere developed in this paper can accurately describe the motion process of the floating mooring sphere and the force on the mooring cable. Also, the topological method of multiple buoys and multiple mooring cables could efficiently establish various numerical hydrodynamic models of fastened buoys in ocean engineering.
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- 2023
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26. Prenatal Diagnosis of Intragenic HNF1BVariant-Associated Renal Disease by Exome Sequencing
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Yu, Qiu-Xia, Jing, Xiang-Yi, and Li, Dong-Zhi
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Introduction:HNF1B-associated diseases are a group of genetic conditions that affect the kidney as well as other organ systems. Kidney anomalies are the most common symptoms. Other defects may include early-onset diabetes, genital abnormalities, and abnormalities of pancreas and liver function. Renal involvement has emerged as the earliest finding in HNF1Bdisease, even in prenatal life, with the most common feature being hyperechogenic kidneys. Case Presentation:In this study, we present 3 fetuses with bilateral renal hyperechogenicity identified by ultrasound in the second trimester. No pathogenic copy number variations were revealed by amniocentesis with chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Heterozygous variants in HNF1Bwere detected in all 3 fetuses by further investigation with exome sequencing (ES). Two pregnancies were terminated, and one was continued to term. Discussion and Conclusion:Because of the known high frequency of HNF1Baberrations in fetal hyperechogenic kidneys, HNF1Bscreening should be an integral part of prenatal diagnosis for such fetuses. ES should be recommended following or concurrently with CMA for rapid prenatal detection. The ES results would improve the diagnostic yield and are beneficial in guiding counseling and management.
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- 2023
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27. Hydrocephalus and Growth Retardation: A Fetal RNU4ATAC-opathy Missed by Whole-Exome Sequencing
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Chen, Yong-Shan, He, Jie-Fu, Quan, Tao, Li, Shu-Bin, and Li, Dong-Zhi
- Abstract
Introduction:Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is becoming widely available in prenatal diagnosis. However, as with most scientific methods, WES also has its limitations. The aim of the study was to report a fetal case of RNU4ATAC-opathy which was missed by prenatal WES. Case Presentation:A 28-year-old healthy primigravida was revealed by ultrasound at 20 + 3 weeks of gestation to have a fetus with ventriculomegaly (left 15.1 mm/right 11.9 mm), hypoplastic vermis, and mild growth retardation. Chromosomal microarray analysis and trio WES failed to detect a pathogenic copy number variation and sequence variant. A repeat ultrasound at 23 + 3 weeks showed worsened growth delay and hydrocephalus (left 20.3 mm/right 11.0 mm) with vermis hypoplasia and agenesis of corpus callosum. Further study with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) detected 2 missense mutations of the noncoding RNU4ATAC(NR_023343.1) gene, n.51G>A (rs188343279) and n.16G>A (rs750325275), in the fetus, which were inherited from the father and mother, respectively. Discussion:Our study highlights the limitation of WES. WGS might be a clinical option for patients who have a structurally abnormal fetus tested negative by WES.
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- 2023
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28. Acupuncture for the relief of hot flashes in breast cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies
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Wang, Xiao-Peng, Zhang, Duo-Jun, Wei, Xiao-Dong, Wang, Jian-Ping, and Zhang, Dong-Zhi
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Acupuncture -- Methods -- Patient outcomes ,Menopause -- Health aspects ,Breast cancer -- Physiological aspects ,Health - Abstract
Byline: Xiao-Peng. Wang, Duo-Jun. Zhang, Xiao-Dong. Wei, Jian-Ping. Wang, Dong-Zhi. Zhang Objective: To critically assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating hot flashes (HFs) among breast cancer (BC) [...]
- Published
- 2018
29. Effects of developmental stage and store time on the microbial community and fermentation quality of sweet sorghum silage
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Zhao, Jie, Yin, Xue-Jing, Li, Jun-Feng, Wang, Si-Ran, Dong, Zhi-Hao, and Shao, Tao
- Abstract
AbstractThis study investigated the effects of developmental stage and store time on the chemical composition, microbial community, co-occurrence networks and fermentation characteristics of sweet sorghum silage. Sweet sorghum harvested at two developmental stages (heading stage, S1; hard dough stage, S2) was treated as follows: (I) natural fermentation of S1(NS1); (II) natural fermentation of S2(NS2) and ensiled for 1, 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. After 60 days of ensiling, NS2silage had higher lactic acid concentration and the ratio of lactic to acetic acid, and lower pH value and acetic acid concentration than NS1silage. Meanwhile, NS2silage also had higher ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) content than NS1silage, but the NH3-N content of both treatments was lower than 100 g/kg TN. Leuconostocand Lactococcuswere respectively dominant in both 7-day NS1and NS2silages, while Lactobacilluswas the most abundant genus in 30-day NS1and NS2silages. The developmental stage altered the bacterial co-occurrence networks of fresh and ensiled sweet sorghum. Spearman’s correlation heatmap showed that the higher lactic acid content and ratio of lactic to acetic acid in NS2silage could be associated with the higher water-soluble carbohydrate content in S2material, the higher abundance of Lactococcusin the initial phase of ensiling and the higher abundance of Lactobacillusin the late phase of ensiling. These results concluded that the sweet sorghum harvested at the hard dough stage is preferred for silage production over the sweet sorghum harvested at the heading stage.HIGHLIGHTSMicrobial succession pattern was studied on fresh and ensiled samples.Growth stage affected the chemical and microbial parameters of sweet sorghum.Epiphytic microbiota was correlated with the chemical composition of forage.Metagenomic sequencing showed Lactobacilluswas dominated in all silages.Growth stage accelerated the fermentation of sweet sorghum silage.
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- 2022
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30. Green and Practical Synthesis of Thioenamines and Chromones via Iodine-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenation Coupling Reaction
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Wu, Yue-Xiao, Wu, Shi-Ya, and Dong, Zhi-Bing
- Abstract
An iodine-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of thioenamines and chromones is reported. By using easily available phenyl isothiocyanate, alcohols, and enamines as starting materials, a tandem reaction (nucleophilic addition and the subsequent cross-dehydrogenation coupling) proceeded smoothly to give the desired thioenamines in good to excellent yields. This protocol features simple operation, mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, good atomic economics, and no need to add extra reaction solvents, providing a practical and green route for the synthesis of thioenamines. In addition, this method can also prepare some representative chromones in moderate yields.
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- 2022
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31. Retrospective analysis of prenatal ultrasound of children with Pompe disease
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Li, Yan-Lin, Zhen, Li, Pan, Min, and Li, Dong-Zhi
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The aim of this retrospective study is to determine the prenatal ultrasound markers of patients diagnosed postnatally with infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD).
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- 2022
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32. Total and cancer mortality after supplementation with vitamins and minerals: follow-up of the Linxian general population nutrition intervention trial
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Qiao, You-Lin, Dawsey, Sanford M., Kamangar, Farin, Fan, Jin-Hu, Abnet, Christian C., Sun, Xiu-Di, Johnson, Laura Lee, Gail, Mitchell H., Dong, Zhi-Wei, Yu, Binbing, Mark, Steven D., and Taylor, Philip R.
- Subjects
Cancer -- Research ,Cancer -- Diet therapy ,Cancer -- Complications and side effects ,Dietary supplements -- Health aspects ,Mortality -- Risk factors ,Mortality -- Research ,Vitamins -- Health aspects ,Health - Abstract
Background The General Population Nutrition Intervention Trial was a randomized primary esophageal and gastric cancer prevention trial conducted from 1985 to 1991, in which 29584 adult participants in Linxian, China, were given daily vitamin and mineral supplements. Treatment with 'factor D,' a combination of 50 [micro]g selenium, 30 mg vitamin E, and 15 mg beta-carotene, led to decreased mortality from all causes, cancer overall, and gastric cancer. Here, we present 10-year follow-up after the end of active intervention. Methods Participants were assessed by periodic data collection, monthly visits by village health workers, and quarterly review of the Linxian Cancer Registry. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the cumulative effects of four vitamin and mineral supplementation regimens were calculated using adjusted proportional hazards models. Results Through May 31, 2001, 276 participants were lost to follow-up; 9727 died, including 3242 from cancer (1515 from esophageal cancer and 1199 from gastric cancer). Participants who received factor D had lower overall mortality (HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.91 to 0.99; P = .009; reduction in cumulative mortality from 33.62% to 32.19%) and gastric cancer mortality (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.79 to 1.00; P = .043; reduction in cumulative gastric cancer mortality from 4.28% to 3.84%) than subjects who did not receive factor D. Reductions were mostly attributable to benefits to subjects younger than 55 years. Esophageal cancer deaths between those who did and did not receive factor D were not different overall; however, decreased 17% among participants younger than 55(HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.71 to 0.98; P = .025) but increased 14% among those aged 55 years or older (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.30; P = .47). Vitamin A and zinc supplementation was associated with increased total and stroke mortality; vitamin C and molybdenum supplementation, with decreased stroke mortality. Conclusion The beneficial effects of selenium, vitamin E, and beta-carotene on mortality were still evident up to 10 years after the cessation of supplementation and were consistently greater in younger participants. Late effects of other supplementation regimens were also observed.
- Published
- 2009
33. Synthesis of Unsymmetric Thiosulfonates Starting from N-Substituted O-Thiocarbamates: Easy Access to the S–SO2Bond
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Yang, Cheng-Li, Gao, Xue-Jie, Jiang, Xin-Yi, Shi, Zhen, Hao, Er-Jun, and Dong, Zhi-Bing
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Using phenyliodine diacetate as an oxidant and nickel acetate as a promoter, a wide range of unsymmetric thiosulfonates could be furnished easily in moderate to excellent yields starting from N-substituted O-thiocarbamates and sodium sulfinates. This protocol features mild conditions, short reaction times, and high atomic utilization, which can provide an alternative method for the synthesis of unsymmetric thiosulfonates. In addition, the reaction could be scaled up on a gram scale, showing potential application value in industry.
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- 2022
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34. A review on passenger emergency evacuation from multimodal transportation hubs
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Xu, Zhiman, Bai, Qiang, Shao, Yuqi, Hu, Aihui, and Dong, Zhi
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Multimodal transportation hubs serve as transfer points with the function of collecting, transferring, and distributing passengers and play a significant role in the entire multimodal transportation network. In an emergency, the development of an effective and efficient emergency evacuation strategy to evacuate passengers from multimodal transportation hubs is very important. This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive review on passenger emergency evacuations from multimodal transportation hubs, summarize the achievements, identify gaps in existing literature, thus to lay a solid foundation for future studies. This paper first reviewed studies on evacuee behavior characteristics in emergency evacuations, including pedestrian characteristics, pedestrian behavior characteristics, and pedestrian flow characteristics. Then evacuation models, including pedestrian evacuation models and multimodal transportation evacuation models, were investigated. In addition, a retrospective analysis was carried out for evacuation simulation. It is found that while many studies have been conducted on passenger emergency evacuations from multimodal transportation hubs, most of them focus more on evacuating pedestrians from inside to outside of hub buildings; the studies on evacuation at multimodal transfer points are limited. It is also found that most existing studies tried to establish a general model to handle all types of emergency evacuations; in fact, a model would be more efficient if it is just established for a specific emergency and for a specific type of hubs. Also, existing data collection methods may collect biased data; new data collection methods need to be explored to increase the accuracy of data collection. Future study directions include the evacuation at multimodal transfer points, interactive effects between individual pedestrian behavior and pedestrian group behavior, more specific types of emergency evacuations, more accurate data collection methods, and tradeoffs between cost and benefit in emergency evacuations.
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- 2022
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35. Growth and yield responses to simulated hail damage in drip-irrigated cotton
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WANG, Le, LIU, Yang, WEN, Ming, LI, Ming-hua, DONG, Zhi-qiang, CUI, Jing, and MA, Fu-yu
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The frequent occurrence of hailstorm in Xinjiang affects cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) production and causes enormous economic loss. The indeterminate growth habit of cotton allows for varying degrees of recovery and yield when different hail damage levels occur at different stages, which brings inconvenience to agricultural insurance claims and post-damage management. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate cotton recovery and yield responses to different levels of simulated hail damage at different growth stages. Four levels of hail damage (0, 30, 60, and 90%) were simulated every 15 d from the five-leaf stage to the boll opening stage in 2018 and 2019, for a total of six times (I, II, III, IV, V, and VI). The results showed that seed cotton yield decreased as the damage level increased and yield reduction increased when the damage was applied to older plants (for 30, 60 and 90% damage levels, yield reduction was 9–17%, 22–37% and 48–71%, respectively). One possible reason was that the leaf area index and leaf area duration of plant canopy decreased after hail damage, resulting in a reduction in the accumulation of above-ground biomass. However, when hail damage occurred before bloom, due to the indeterminate growth habit of cotton, the vegetative organs produced a strong compensation ability that promoted the bud development. The compensation ability of vegetative organs decreased when hail damage occurred after bloom and the recovery time was too short to promote new boll maturity. As the first study to understand the recovery of cotton after hail damage, it analyzed the leaf area index, leaf area duration, above-ground biomass accumulation and yield, rather than the yield alone. The findings are of great importance for cotton production as they inform decisions about post-damage management practices, yield forecasts and insurance compensation.
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- 2022
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36. Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Asymmetric Dearomative Annulation of Phenols with Vinyl Cyclopropanes
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Chu, Wen-Dao, Liang, Tian-Tian, Ni, Hao, Dong, Zhi-Hong, Shao, Zhihui, Liu, Yong, He, Cheng-Yu, Bai, Ruopeng, and Liu, Quan-Zhong
- Abstract
Herein, we report the Pd(0)-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric dearomative [3 + 2] annulation of phenols with vinyl cyclopropanes via in situ generated ortho-quinone methide intermediates. A series of highly functionalized spiro-[5,6] bicycles which bear three contiguous stereogenic centers including one all-carbon quaternary were obtained with excellent stereoselectivities. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the reactions were controlled by thermodynamics.
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- 2022
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37. Prenatal Silver-Russell Syndrome in a Chinese Family Identified by Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing
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Zhang, Yong-Ling, Jing, Xiang-Yi, Wan, Jun-Hui, Pan, Min, and Li, Dong-Zhi
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Russell-Silver syndrome (SRS) is a rare condition characterized by poor growth before and after birth along with multiple physical and psychosocial characteristics such as short stature, characteristic facial features, body asymmetry, feeding difficulties, and learning disabilities. In this study, we report a family with 2 recurrent SRS pregnancies due to a derivative chromosome 15 that is the result of a maternally derived t(11;15) translocation, detected by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). The 2 SRS fetuses were diagnosed by chromosomal microarray analysis, but a balanced, reciprocal translocation of the mother was disclosed by the combination of routine karyotyping and FISH. This study demonstrates that NIPT has the ability to identify submicroscopic copy number variations (CNVs) in fetuses, which in some cases may result from a parent being a balanced rearrangement carrier. Because of the differences in resolution and the various benefits and limitations of each genetic technique, great care must be taken when deciding on which test(s) to employ in family studies.
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- 2022
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38. Intrafamilial Phenotypic Heterogeneity in a Chinese Family with a POLR1Dp.Q31Rfs*10 Variant: A Challenge in Prenatal Diagnosis
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Yang, Yan-Dong, Zhen, Li, and Li, Dong-Zhi
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Introduction:Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS), also known as mandibulofacial dysostosis, is an inherited craniofacial defect. Here, we report a TCS family in which the members carry the same POLR1Dvariant but present with phenotypic variability. Case Presentation:A 19-year-old healthy primigravida was revealed by ultrasound at 12 weeks of gestation to have a fetus with micrognathia. Prenatal genetic testing detected a heterozygous single-nucleotide deletion (NM_015972:c.91del, p.Q31Rfs*10) in the POLR1Dgene, inherited from the healthy mother. Variants of POLR1Dhave been reported to be associated with TCS. Family studies found that a paternal healthy cousin of the mother had a similar pregnancy outcome, with a fetus of TCS and the same POLR1Dvariant. Discussion:Our study results pose a great challenge to prenatal diagnosis of TCS. The prenatal diagnosis cannot only rely on genetic testing. Instead, an early detailed sonographic survey will be helpful for the identification of TCS.
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- 2022
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39. A prospective study of polymorphisms of DNA repair genes XRCC1, XPD23 and APE/ref-1 and risk of stroke in Linxian, China
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Mahabir, Somdat, Abnet, Christian C., Qiao, You-Lin, Ratnasinghe, Luke D., Dawsey, Sanford M., Dong, Zhi-Wei, Taylor, Philip R., and Mark, Steven D.
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Genetic polymorphisms -- Research ,Stroke (Disease) -- Risk factors ,Stroke (Disease) -- Genetic aspects ,Stroke (Disease) -- Patient outcomes ,DNA repair ,Health ,Social sciences - Published
- 2007
40. Zinc concentration in esophageal biopsy specimens measured by x-ray fluorescence and esophageal cancer risk
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Abnet, Christian C., Lai, Barry, Qiao, You-Lin, Vogt, Stefan, Luo, Xian-Mao, Taylor, Philip R., Dong, Zhi-Wei, Mark, Steven D., and Dawsey, Sanford M.
- Subjects
Fluorescence spectroscopy -- Usage ,Esophageal cancer -- Risk factors ,Esophageal cancer -- Causes of ,Zinc in the body -- Health aspects ,Health - Abstract
Background: In rodents, zinc deficiency potentiates the effects of certain nitrosamines that act as esophageal carcinogens. Studies of the association between zinc and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in humans have been hampered by plasma zinc homeostasis, which obscures individual differences in total zinc stores, and by the uncertainty regarding zinc bio-availability when estimating dietary zinc intake because phyrate from whole grains effectively prohibits zinc absorption. By using baseline tissue biopsy specimens collected in a prospective observational study, we determined the association between incident esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and baseline element concentrations in tissue sections from residents of Linzhou, China, participating in a nutrition intervention trial. Methods: We used x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to measure zinc, copper, iron, nickel, and sulfur concentrations in single 5-[micro]m-thick sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded esophageal biopsy specimens collected in 1985 from 60 eventual case and 72 control subjects. Subjects were matched on baseline histology and followed for 16 years. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between each element and risk of incident esophageal cancer. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: The risk of developing esophageal cancer was much lower for subjects in the highest quartile of esophageal tissue zinc concentration compared with those in the lowest quartile (HR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.065 to 0.68). The association was statistically significant across quartiles ([P.sub.trend] = .015). Individuals in the highest quartile of sulfur concentration had a lower risk of esophageal cancer than individuals in the lowest quartile (HR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.095 to 0.85), but the association across quartiles was not statistically significant ([P.sub.trend] = .081). There was no association between copper, iron, or nickel concentrations and risk of esophageal cancer. Conclusion: High tissue zinc concentration was strongly associated with a reduced risk of developing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to assess relationships among concentrations of both nutritional and toxic elements and disease risk in banked tissue specimens.
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- 2005
41. Prospective study of serum selenium concentrations and esophageal and gastric cardia cancer, heart disease, stroke, and total death
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Wei, Wen-Qiang, Abnet, Christian C, Qiao, You-Lin, Dawsey, Sanford M, Dong, Zhi-Wei, Sun, Xiu-Di, Fan, Jin-Hu, Gunter, Elaine W, Taylor, Philip R, and Mark, Steven D
- Subjects
Heart diseases -- Risk factors ,Squamous cell carcinoma -- Risk factors ,Food/cooking/nutrition ,Health - Abstract
Background: We previously reported an inverse association between prediagnostic serum selenium concentrations and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cardia cancer (GCC) but not gastric noncardia cancer (GNCC) in a nested study from the Nutrition Intervention Trial in Linxian, China. Objective: We examined the relation between baseline serum selenium and the subsequent risk of death from ESCC, GCC, GNCC, heart disease (HD), stroke, and total death over 15 y of follow-up (1986-2001). Design: We measured baseline serum selenium concentrations in 1103 subjects randomly selected from a larger trial cohort. We identified 516 deaths during the 15-y follow up, including 75 from ESCC, 36 from GCC, 116 from HD, and 167 from stroke. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Reported RRs estimated the change in risk conferred by a 25% increase in serum selenium relative to the population distribution. All estimates were adjusted for sex, age, smoking, drinking, and serum cholesterol. Results: We found significant inverse associations between baseline serum selenium and death from ESCC (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.98) and GCC (0.75; 0.59, 0.95). Trends toward inverse associations were noted for death from HD (0.89; 0.78, 1.01; P = 0.07), but no association was noted for total death (0.96; 0.90, 1.02) or stroke (0.99; 0.88, 1.11). Conclusion: Population-wide selenium supplementation in the region of China with low serum selenium and high incidences of ESCC and GCC merits serious consideration. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:80-5. KEY WORDS Selenium, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cardia cancer, stroke, heart disease, cohort
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- 2004
42. Structural insight and modulating of sulfide-based solid-state electrolyte for high-performance solid-state sodium sulfur batteries
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Dong, Zhi Liang, Yuan, Yi, Martins, Vinicius, Jin, Enzhong, Gan, Yi, Lin, Xiaoting, Gao, Yingjie, Hao, Xiaoge, Guan, Yi, Fu, Jiamin, Pang, Xin, Huang, Yining, Tu, Qingsong Howard, Sham, Tsun-Kong, and Zhao, Yang
- Abstract
Room-temperature (RT) solid-state sodium-sulfur batteries (SSNSBs) are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems because of their high energy density, enhanced safety, cost-efficiency, and non-toxicity. While most of the studies for SSNSBs focused on designing and developing sulfur cathodes, we carve out a new path to understanding and modulating the structures and properties of sulfide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) for achieving high-performance SSNSBs. A novel cation and anion co-doped approach was developed to enhance the ionic conductivity and expand the electrochemical stability of sulfide SSEs, and eventually improve the electrochemical performance of SSNSBs. The crystal structure and local structure of the cation/anion co-doped sulfide SSEs have been studied in detail combined with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations for mechanism understanding. SSNSBs incorporating co-doped sulfide SSEs demonstrate high capacity and stable cycling performance, even at high rates, which is at the top of the reported performances in the literature. Our novel approach for cation and anion-tuned SSEs demonstrates excellent ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability, paving a new way for the next generation of solid-state sodium batteries.
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- 2024
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43. Role of heterogenous microstructure and deformation behavior in achieving superior strength-ductility synergy in zinc fabricated via laser powder bed fusion
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Dong, Zhi, Han, Changjun, Zhao, Yanzhe, Huang, Jinmiao, Ling, Chenrong, Hu, Gaoling, Wang, Yunhui, Wang, Di, Song, Changhui, and Yang, Yongqiang
- Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is considered a promising biodegradable metal for implant applications due to its appropriate degradability and favorable osteogenesis properties. In this work, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing was employed to fabricate pure Zn with a heterogeneous microstructure and exceptional strength-ductility synergy. An optimized processing window of LPBF was established for printing Zn samples with relative densities greater than 99% using a laser power range of 80 ∼ 90 W and a scanning speed of 900 mm s−1. The Zn sample printed with a power of 80 W at a speed of 900 mm s−1exhibited a hierarchical heterogeneous microstructure consisting of millimeter-scale molten pool boundaries, micrometer-scale bimodal grains, and nanometer-scale pre-existing dislocations, due to rapid cooling rates and significant thermal gradients formed in the molten pools. The printed sample exhibited the highest ductility of ∼12.1% among all reported LPBF-printed pure Zn to date with appreciable ultimate tensile strength (∼128.7 MPa). Such superior strength-ductility synergy can be attributed to the presence of multiple deformation mechanisms that are primarily governed by heterogeneous deformation-induced hardening resulting from the alternative arrangement of bimodal Zn grains with pre-existing dislocations. Additionally, continuous strain hardening was facilitated through the interactions between deformation twins, grains and dislocations as strain accumulated, further contributing to the superior strength-ductility synergy. These findings provide valuable insights into the deformation behavior and mechanisms underlying exceptional mechanical properties of LPBF-printed Zn and its alloys for implant applications.
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- 2024
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44. Prospective study of serum vitamin E levels and esophageal and gastric cancers
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Taylor, Philip R., Qiao, You-Lin, Abnet, Christian C., Dawsey, Sanford M., Yang, Chung S., Gunter, Elaine W., Wang, Wen, Blot, William J., Dong, Zhi-Wei, and Mark, Steven D.
- Subjects
Vitamin E -- Measurement ,Vitamin E -- Evaluation ,Stomach cancer ,Esophageal cancer ,Health - Abstract
Participants in the General Population Trial, a randomized nutrition intervention trial in Linxian, China, who received a combination of selenium, [beta]-carotene, and vitamin E supplements, had statistically significantly lower cancer mortality rates than those who did not receive the supplements. In the current study, we used a case--cohort design to examine the association between pre-trial serum vitamin E levels and the risks of developing esophageal and gastric cancers during the trial. We measured serum [alpha]- and [gamma]-tocopherol and cholesterol levels in 1072 case patients with incident esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cardia cancer (GCC), or gastric noncardia cancer (GNCC) and in 1053 control subjects. The relative risks for comparisons of the highest to the lowest quartiles of serum [alpha]-tocopherol were 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44 to 0.91) for ESCC, 0.84 (95% CI = 0.55 to 1.26) for GCC, and 2.05 (95% CI = 0.89 to 4.75) for GNCC. Serum [gamma]-tocopherol level was not associated with the incidence of any of these cancers. Our findings provide support for the role of [alpha]-tocopherol in the etiology of upper gastrointestinal cancers.
- Published
- 2003
45. Recent advances in micro-alloyed wrought magnesium alloys: Theory and design
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JIANG, Bin, DONG, Zhi-hua, ZHANG, Ang, SONG, Jiang-feng, and PAN, Fu-sheng
- Abstract
Micro-alloying design of wrought magnesium (Mg) alloys is an important strategy to achieve high mechanical properties at a low cost. In the last two decades, significant progress has been made from both theory and experiment. In the present review, we try to summarize recent advances in micro-alloying design of wrought Mg alloys from both theoretical and pragmatic perspectives, and provide fundamental data required for establishing the relationship between chemical composition and mechanical properties of Mg alloys. We start with theoretical attempts for understanding the mechanical properties of Mg alloys at different scales, by involving first principle calculations, molecular dynamics, cellular automata, and crystal plasticity. Then, the role of alloying elements is discussed for a series of promising Mg alloys such as Mg-Al, Mg-Zn, Mg-RE (rare-earth element), Mg-Sn, and Mg-Ca families. Potential challenges in the micro-alloying design of Mg alloys are highlighted at the end. The review is expected to provide helpful guidance for the intelligent design of novel wrought Mg alloys and inspire more innovative ideas in this field.
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- 2022
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46. CFTR Suppresses Neointimal Formation Through Attenuating Proliferation and Migration of Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells
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Lu, Liu-Yi, Pan, Ni, Huang, Ze-Han, Wang, Jing-Song, Tang, Yong-Bo, Sun, Hong-Shuo, Han, Hui, Yang, Han-Yan, Zhu, Jun-Zhen, Guan, Yong-Yuan, Zhang, Bin, Li, Dong-Zhi, and Wang, Guan-Lei
- Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text.Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) plays important roles in arterial functions and the fate of cells. To further understand its function in vascular remodeling, we examined whether CFTR directly regulates platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and migration, as well as the balloon injury–induced neointimal formation. The CFTR adenoviral gene delivery was used to evaluate the effects of CFTR on neointimal formation in a rat model of carotid artery balloon injury. The roles of CFTR in PDGF-BB–stimulated VSMC proliferation and migration were detected by mitochondrial tetrazolium assay, wound healing assay, transwell chamber method, western blot, and qPCR. We found that CFTR expression was declined in injured rat carotid arteries, while adenoviral overexpression of CFTR in vivo attenuated neointimal formation in carotid arteries. CFTR overexpression inhibited PDGF-BB–induced VSMC proliferation and migration, whereas CFTR silencing caused the opposite results. Mechanistically, CFTR suppressed the phosphorylation of PDGF receptor β, serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1, JNK, p38 and ERK induced by PDGF-BB, and the increased mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and MMP2 induced by PDGF-BB. In conclusion, our results indicated that CFTR may attenuate neointimal formation by suppressing PDGF-BB–induced activation of serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 and the JNK/p38/ERK signaling pathway.
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- 2022
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47. One-Pot Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Indoles from 2-Ethynylanilines and Benzaldehydes
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Ma, Jie, Wang, Xi, Hao, Er-Jun, Shi, Zhen, and Dong, Zhi-Bing
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An efficient synthesis of a variety of 1,2-disubstituted indoles from 2-ethynylanilines was developed. Using 2-ethynylanilines and benzaldehydes as starting materials, the target products (1,2-disubstituted indoles) were obtained smoothly through condensation, reduction, and subsequent cyclization. Various functional groups attached to the aryl ring of 1,2-disubstituted indoles were well tolerated. The protocol features easy performance, easily available starting materials, good yield, and a broad substrate scope, showing potential synthetic value for the preparation of a variety of biologically or pharmaceutically active compounds.
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- 2022
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48. Prenatal persistent left superior vena cava in low population: Not a benign vascular anomaly
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Cao, Qun, Zhen, Li, Pan, Min, Han, Jin, Yang, Xin, Xu, Li-Li, and Li, Dong-Zhi
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The aim of this study is to identify prenatally diagnosed cases of persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) in our clinic, to evaluate the associated structural and chromosomal results, and to review their outcome.
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- 2022
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49. Computational Investigation and Histopathological Validation of Interaction Between Stent Graft and Aorta in Retrograde Type A Dissection After TEVAR in Canine Models
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Ma, Tao, Zhou, Min, Meng, Zhuang Yuan, Wang, Shengzhang, Dong, Zhi Hui, and Fu, Wei Guo
- Abstract
Purpose: Retrograde type A dissection (RTAD) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has been a major drawback of endovascular treatment. To our knowledge, no studies have simulated and validated aortic injuries caused by stent grafts (SGs) in animal models. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the SG–aorta interaction through computational simulations and to investigate the underlying mechanism through histopathological examinations.Methods: Two custom-made Fabulous®(DiNovA Meditech, Hang Zhou, China) SGs were implanted in 2 canine aortas with a 5-mm difference in the distance in landing locations. The aortic geometries were extracted from RTAD and non-RTAD cases. A computational SG model was assembled based on the implanted SG using the software Pro-ENGINEER Wildfire 5.0 (PTC Corporation, Needham, Mass). TEVAR simulations were performed 7 times for each canine model using Abaqus software (Providence, RI, USA), and the maximum aortic stress (MAS) was calculated and compared among the groups. Three months after SG implantation, the canine aortas were harvested, and were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining and Elastica Van Gieson (EVG) staining to evaluate histopathological changes.Results: In the computational models for both canines, MAS was observed at the proximal bare stent (PBS) at aortic greater curve. The PBS generated higher stress toward the aortic wall than other SG parts did. Moreover, the MAS was significantly higher in canine No.1 than in canine No.2 (0.415±0.210 versus 0.200±0.160 MPa) (p<0.01). Notably, in canine No.1, an RTAD developed at the MAS segment, and histopathological examinations of the segment showed an intimal flap, a false lumen, elastin changes, and medial necrosis. RTAD was not observed in canine No.2. In both SG-covered aortas, medial necrosis, elastic fiber stretching, and inflammatory infiltration were seen.Conclusion: The characteristic MAS distribution remained at the location where the apex of the PBS interacted with the aortic wall at greater curve. RTAD histopathological examinations showed intimal damage and medial necrosis at the proximal landing zone, at the same MAS location in computational simulations. The in vivo results were consistent with the computational simulations, suggesting the MAS at greater curve may cause RTAD, and the potential application of computational simulation in the mechanism study of RTAD.
- Published
- 2022
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50. Identification of differential microRNAs and messenger RNAs resulting from ASXL transcriptional regulator 3 knockdown during during heart development
- Author
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Liu, Ze-Qun, Cheng, Mi, Fu, Fang, Li, Ru, Han, Jin, Yang, Xin, Deng, Qiong, Li, Lu-Shan, Lei, Ting-Ying, Li, Dong-Zhi, and Liao, Can
- Abstract
ABSTRACTCongenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect. Although ASXL transcriptional regulator 3 (ASXL3) has been reported to cause hereditary CHD, ASXL3-mediated mechanisms in heart development remain unclear. In this study, we used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to induce differentiation in P19 cells, observed cell morphology using light microscopy after ASXL3 knockdown, and determined the levels of associated myocardial cell markers using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Subsequently, we used microRNA sequencing, messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing, and bioinformatics to initially identify the possible mechanisms through which ASXL3-related microRNAs and mRNAs affect heart development. The results indicated that DMSO induced P19 cell differentiation, which could be inhibited by ASXL3 knockdown. We screened 1214 and 1652 differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs, respectively, through ASXL3 knockdown and sequencing; these differentially expressed miRNAs were largely enriched in PI3K-Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Rap1 signaling pathways. Additionally, 11 miRNAs associated with heart development were selected through a literature review. Our analysis indicated the involvement of mmu-miR-323-3p in P19 cell differentiation through the PI3K-Akt pathway. In conclusion, ASXL3 may be involved in the regulation of heart development. This comprehensive study of differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs through ASXL3 knockdown in P19 cells provides new insights that may aid the prevention and treatment of CHD.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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