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• WSe 2 /SnSe 2 TFET with TiO 2 dielectric exhibits on-state current of 1560 μA/μm. • High- k gate dielectric materials lead to a decline in tunneling length. • The underlap structure leads to a reduction in on-state current. • Combination of heterostructures with high- k gate dielectric materials is an effective way of improving TFET performance. Combining two-dimensional materials and high- k gate dielectrics offers a promising way to enhance the device performance of tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET). In this work, the device performance of WSe 2 /SnSe 2 TFET with various gate dielectric materials is investigated based on quantum transport simulation. Results show that TFETs with high- k gate dielectric materials exhibit improved on-off ratio and enhanced transconductance. The optimized WSe 2 /SnSe 2 TFET with TiO 2 gate dielectrics achieves an on-state current of 1560 μA/μm and a subthreshold swing (SS) of 48 mV/dec. The utilization of high- k gate dielectric materials results in shorter tunneling length, higher transmission efficiency, and increased electron tunneling probability. The performance of the WSe 2 /SnSe 2 TFET would be affected by the presence of the underlap region. Moreover, WSe 2 /SnSe 2 TFETs with La 2 O 3 dielectric can be scaled down to 3 nm while meeting high-performance (HP) device requirements according to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). This research presents a practical solution for designing advanced logic devices in the sub-5 nm technology node. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The relationship between EMW absorption properties and electron transfer was investigated by synthesizing CoSPc-rGO materials with different configurations. • It is confirmed that the essence of regulating the electromagnetic balance of materials is the transfer of electrons through reasonable assumptions, DFT calculations, clever experiments and simulations. • The polarization relaxation process of materials were analyzed in detail using a variety of approaches including theoretical calculation, spectroscopic measurements, and experimental and simulation studies. • The fabricated CoSPc-rGO aerogels exhibit extraordinary microwave absorption performance with a strong RL of -53.23 dB and a broad EAB of 8.04 GHz. The fact that single dielectric loss materials have disadvantages of excessive conductivities and impedance mismatches has given rise to a large effort to develop effective strategies to fabricate electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials comprised of components that bring about a balance between dielectric loss and magnetic loss. Moreover, little is known about the essential features that regulate EMW absorption propensities. This study focused on the development of a new EMW absorbing material and gaining information about factors that govern EMW absorption abilities. The materials at the center of the effort are light weight and porous cobalt sulfonated phthalocyanine-reduced graphene oxide (CoSPc-rGO) aerogels that were synthesized by using a simple hydrothermal method followed by freeze-drying. The properties of these materials that contribute to the electromagnetic balance between dielectric and magnetic loss were elucidated by first formulating a reasonable hypothesis about how the relative orientation of the components in CoSPc-rGO govern p-conjugation and electron transfer from rGO to CoSPc, which is proposed to be a key factor contributing to the regulation of the electromagnetic balance. Polarization relaxation process of materials was analyzed in detail using a variety of approaches including theoretical calculation, spectroscopic measurements, and experimental and simulation studies. The fabricated CoSPc-rGO aerogels that contain an ultra-low content of 4 % were found to exhibit an extraordinary microwave absorption performance associated with a strong reflection loss of -53.23 dB and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 8.04 GHz. The results of this study should provide an effective guide for new designs of composite materials for EMW absorption. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The low-density MXene and hollow structure make the absorber lightweight and strong. • The heterogeneous interface of C-MXene and C-Co endows the absorber with rich polarization phenomena. • 3. The synergistic effect of dielectric materials and magnetic substances enables effective microwave absorption. • 4. The RL min of MCC-100–800 can reach −53.99 dB with the EAB max of 7.20 GHz. Effective electromagnetic wave absorption is now possible thanks to the design of the dielectric-magnetic double loss mechanism and the rich heterogeneous structure. In this study, hollow carbon spheres with rich heterostructures were synthesized using an easy and effective in situ growing approach. In addition to improving impedance matching, the hollow structure also reduces material density and weight. By modifying the load, this system can alter the dielectric characteristics of MXene, which in turn affects the sample's ability to absorb electromagnetic waves. MXene and the carbon material create a thick conductive network during the whole electromagnetic wave absorption process, creating the ideal environment for conduction loss. The sample's ability to attenuate electromagnetic waves is further improved by the interfacial polarization that the rich heterogeneous structure can produce. Co-magnetic nanoparticle nanoparticles are the main source of magnetic loss. The MXene@Co/C-100–800 (MCC-100–800) exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance under the synergy of multiple loss mechanisms, with the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB max) reaching 7.20 GHz and the minimum reflection loss (RL min) being –53.99 dB at 2.10 mm. Finally, this work is guided by the coating engineering of MXene and provides new ideas for the rational design of heterostructures of nanomaterials. [Display omitted] Multilayer hollow carbon spheres with rich heterogeneous interfaces prepared by methods such as electrostatic self-assembly and in-situ growth have excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance and anti-corrosion performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This comprehensive review provides a comprehensive overview of MXene-based absorbing materials, enabling readers to quickly grasp the research advancements, fundamental theories, and concepts in this field. • This review critically analyzes and evaluates existing research, facilitating a deep understanding of MXene-based absorbing materials, and assisting readers in gaining insights into the research landscape. • The review highlights the limitations of current research and offers a forward-looking perspective on the main directions for future investigations, providing readers with guidance for their further research endeavors. Due to the rapid development of radar technology, the demand for absorbing stealth materials is increasing, and ultra-broadband absorption (effective absorption bandwidth > 8 GHz) has become an inevitable requirement. As a new type of two-dimensional material, MXene material possesses the characteristics of excellent wave absorbing material due to its easy preparation, easy modulation of defects and surface functional groups, and high conductivity. This work summarizes the absorbing theory and research progress on MXene-based absorbing materials in recent years, including pure MXene absorbing materials and MXene-based magnetic or dielectric composite materials with multiple losses. Some shortcomings and research directions of MXene-based materials were pointed out. Currently, research on MXene-based absorbent materials is thriving and in a state of vigorous development. Excellent absorbent materials have been reported, but their shortcomings are also apparent. The factors that affect the performance of MXene-based absorbent materials are complex, and the absorption mechanism is relatively simple. Further systematic and detailed research is needed to clarify these influencing mechanisms, broaden the absorption bandwidth, and reduce the matching thickness to meet practical usage requirements in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to efficiently separate incident terahertz (THz) waves into distinct transmission and reflection channels by minimizing the absorption ratio. So, the optical systems operating within the THz frequency range can developed. To achieve a multi-band response, four different periodic arrays of graphene patterns are used. These arrays are strategically stacked on both sides of three SU-8 photoresists, serving as dielectric materials. Consequently, each layer exhibits a unique influence on the device's response, and by applying four external bias voltages, the behavior of the device can be precisely controlled and adjusted. Design/methodology/approach: A novel optoelectronic device operating in the THz frequency range is introduced, using periodic arrays of graphene patterns and SU-8 photoresist dielectrics. The design of this device is based on meta-surface principles, using both the equivalent circuit model (ECM) and transmission line concept. The output of the device is a THz coupler implemented by analyzing the reflection and transmission channels. The structure is characterized using the ECM and validated through comprehensive full-wave simulations. By representing the electromagnetic phenomenon with passive circuit elements, enabling the calculation of absorption, reflection and transmission through the application of the theory of maximum power transfer. Findings: Based on simulation results and theoretical analysis, the proposed device exhibits sensitivity to gate biasing, enabling efficient reflection and transmission of THz waves. The device achieves reflection and transmission peaks exceeding across the five distinct THz bands 90%, and its behavior can be tuned by external gate biasing. Moreover, the device's sensitivity to variations in geometrical parameters and chemical potentials demonstrates its reliable performance. With its outstanding performance, this high-performance meta-surface emerges as an ideal candidate for fundamental building blocks in larger optical systems, including sensors and detectors, operating within the THz frequency band. Originality/value: The proposed device covers a significant portion of the THz gap through the provision of five adjustable peaks for reflection and transmission channels. Additionally, the ECM and impedance matching concept offers a simplified and time-efficient approach to designing the meta-surface. Leveraging this approach, the proposed device is effectively represented using passive circuit elements such as inductors, capacitors and resistors, while its performance is validated through the utilization of the finite element method (FEM) as a full-wave simulation tool. This combination of circuit modeling and FEM simulation contributes to the robustness and accuracy of the device's performance evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Graphene reinforced nanoarchitectonic is developed for the one-pot synthesis of 3D interconnected magnetic-dielectric frameworks via confined growth and interfacial self-assembly. • Ultralow graphene consumption triggers the continuous adjustment for the integration of strong absorption, broad bandwidth, and low matching thickness. • Graphene reinforced 3D interconnected frameworks serve as effective barriers to enhance the corrosion resistance of magnetic nanospheres. The combination of high efficiency and environmental stability is vital to promote the commercial applications of microwave absorption (MA) materials, yet remains challenging in the absence of facile routes. Here, we put forward a graphene-reinforced construct approach for one-pot synthesis of 3D interconnected magnetic-dielectric frameworks via pre-functionalization and subsequent assembly. Multiple interactions among discrete precursors are capable of manipulating the confined growth and interfacial self-assembly. Significant enhancements in MA properties are triggered in a straightforward manner using ultralow feeding fractions of graphene oxide nanosheet. The minimum reflection loss is up to -60.1 dB (99.9999% wave absorption) and the effective absorption bandwidth reaches 5.9 GHz (almost covering the Ku band). Remarkably, based on the optimization by ultralow concentrations of graphene, the as-prepared nanoarchitecture simultaneously integrates strong absorption, broad bandwidth, and low matching thickness. The embedded graphene nanosheets serve as high-speed electron transmission channels and hollow resonance cavities, facilitating multimode attenuations and impedance-matching characteristics. Meanwhile, the graphene-reinforced framework suppresses the corrosion of magnetic components, whose corrosion rate reduces by an order of magnitude. This study provides a simple procedure to boost magnetic-dielectric absorbers for comprehensive MA performances and enhanced corrosion resistance. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Mixing sucrose and zinc nitrate hexahydrate can be used as a solvent-free synthesis procedure. • This method can produce zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) embedded in carbon foam. • The interface of ZnO NPs and porous carbon produces abundant interfacial polarization. • Its unique porous structure facilitates the generation of strong conduction losses and greatly enhances absorption. • The optimal synthesized ZnO/C-2 carbon material demonstrates the strongest absorption of –41.7 dB and covers almost the entire Ku band. Exploring a simple, rapid, solvent-free synthetic method for mass production of cheap, broadband microwave absorbers remains the main challenge. Here, a mild solvent-free procedure is reported to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) embedded in porous carbon derived from mixing sucrose and zinc nitrate hexahydrate. The characteristic morphology and the ZnO NPs distribution in these composites were tuned using the different raw materials proportions. The mesoporous structure of porous carbon benefits the compositional advantages between carbon foam and ZnO NPs. The optimal synthesized ZnO/C-2 carbon material demonstrates the strongest absorption of –41.7 dB with a frequency of 14.5 GHz at a thin thickness of 2 mm, and its widest effective absorption is close to 6 GHz (12.2–17.8 GHz). This work produces a feasible route for the sensible design of other effective microwave absorbers for large-scale production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explains why polyethylene foam or PE(F) is used in low-loss coaxial cables. Topics discussed include origin of the most important losses in a coaxial cable, reason low-loss coaxial cables, such as LMR-400, have less loss than cables like RG-8 or RG-213, and effect of dielectric on impedance.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to numerically examine the heat transfer and transport of space charges in the solid insulating materials [low density polyethylene (LDPE), flame retardant type 4 (FR4), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)] using the transmission line modeling (TLM) method. Besides, a comprehensive study is performed on the mutual influences of heat transfer and space charges transport within the solid dielectric bulk. Design/methodology/approach: The obtained governing equations including continuity and circuit equations are coupled with heat transfer equations, and they are solved via fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. Findings: The electric potential and field, current density and temperature distribution are calculated. It is shown that compared with FR4 and PTFE, the temperature increment rate in LDPE is much lower. Moreover, the heat transfer in the solid insulating materials bulk increases the homo-charges density and temperature in the vicinity of electrodes. Hence, the reduction in electric field is reflected in the potential deformations in the proximity of electrodes. Furthermore, where the electric field is maximized, the temperature is minimized. Research limitations/implications: This study is restricted to two-dimensional problems. Originality/value: Interestingly, because of the lower temperature in LDPE, the current density and their increment rates in LDPE are much lower than that in FR4 and PTFE dielectric materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Co 3 O 4 @rGO/CDC composites with different mass ratios of rGO:CDC were prepared. • S13 (weight ratio for rGO:CDC is 1:3) composite showed best microwave absorption performance. • It showed RL min value of -84.3dB and the widest effective bandwidth of 4.5 GHz. • Better impedance matching can be obtained by tuning the CDC ratio. Both macroscopic composition and microstructure should be considered for reasonable microwave absorbent designing. In this study, Co 3 O 4 @reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Celery stalks derived carbon (CDC) was prepared by loading Co 3 O 4 particles into rGO and biomass-derived carbon mixture through oxidation precipitation. By changing the mass ratio of rGO to CDC, the dielectric and impedance matching properties of the composites can be easily regulated. The RL min value of Co 3 O 4 @rGO/CDC 13 composite (weight ratio for rGO:CDC is 1:3) reaches –84.3 dB with a thickness of 4.6 mm, and the widest effective bandwidth can be obtained at 4.5 GHz with a matching thickness of 2.8 mm. The Co 3 O 4 @rGO/CDC 13 composite with multiple components (Co 3 O 4 , CDC, rGO) and 3D net structure produces magnetic/dielectric loss combinations, interfacial polarization, and multiple reflections and scattering, and the CDC with half tube and half sheet structure is conducive to the optimization of impedance matching. The strategy of co-regulating dielectric properties of materials with double carbon provides a novel pathway for the preparation of lightweight, low-cost, and high-performance absorbers. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A patent has been issued for a surface plasmon resonance sensor developed by DrinkSavvy Inc., which aims to detect incapacitating agents in beverages before consumption. The sensor utilizes metal-coated nanostructures and a molecularly imprinted polymer layer to detect analytes of interest in fluid samples, causing a color change upon contact with the analyte. This innovative technology provides a proactive approach to detecting harmful substances in beverages discreetly and efficiently. [Extracted from the article]

The patent issued by the United Microelectronics Corp. describes an improved integrated circuit device and a method of manufacturing it, focusing on seal ring formation in semiconductor processes to protect internal circuits from damage and moisture-induced degradation. The invention includes a seal ring, a trench, and a moisture blocking layer to prevent noise transfer and moisture penetration. The integrated circuit device is designed for applications such as radio-frequency circuits and utilizes a silicon-on-insulator substrate. The patent aims to address shortcomings of conventional seal ring designs by introducing crack prevention discontinuities and a composite moisture blocking layer. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Beijing University of Chemical Technology have developed a biodegradable composite of hydroxyapatite and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) to address the issue of excessive electronic waste from non-biodegradable dielectric materials in electronics. The composite exhibited high dielectric properties, energy storage density improvement, enhanced mechanical properties, and thermal stability. This study offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for next-generation high-performance disposable electronics, contributing to Sustainability Research. [Extracted from the article]

Novocure GmbH has been issued a patent for varying the metallization area on individual electrode elements in a tumor treating fields (TTFields) system to maximize current without overheating. The patent, filed by inventor Yoram Wasserman, aims to improve the efficacy of TTFields treatment by adjusting the size and configuration of conductive regions and dielectric materials. This innovation addresses the challenge of maintaining safe temperatures while optimizing current delivery for effective tumor treatment. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers have submitted a patent application for a method to prevent fog on medical device viewports during procedures. The invention aims to immunize the device against fog accumulation by applying a plasma-generating electromagnetic field to increase hydrophilicity on the viewport surface. This method eliminates or reduces blur caused by condensation, improving optical quality without interrupting procedures. The patent application was filed by inventors from Israel and is available online for further exploration. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a system designed for biodetection applications, focusing on biosensors and their various types such as optical, electrical, and mechanical biosensors. The patent highlights the use of nanoparticles, particularly gold nanoparticles, in biodetection methods, showcasing their effectiveness in detecting analytes at low concentrations. The system aims to combine sensitivity, specificity, and a short analysis time, with a focus on integrating the technique into point-of-care devices for practical applications. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers Bao and Wang have submitted a patent application for a technology involving dielectric-based materials integrated with sensory feedback and transistors. The application focuses on creating artificial skin that mimics natural skin's sensory feedback and mechanical properties, aiming to improve prosthetics and robotics. The technology includes stretchable high-k multi-layer dielectrics that operate at low voltages and are stable in physiological environments, addressing challenges in soft and stretchable electronics. This innovation has potential applications in next-generation medical and robotic devices. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses Lahjavida LLC's patent for near-infrared dyes and conjugates targeting tumors, filed on March 11, 2020, and published online on October 8, 2024. The patent aims to provide a targeted cancer therapeutic agent with maximal efficacy in treating tumor cells while minimizing toxicity towards healthy cells. It details the use of tumor-targeting near-infrared dyes in conjunction with various therapeutic agents to potentially treat various cancers effectively. The patent focuses on delivering therapeutic agents to malignant cells while bypassing healthy tissues to reduce harmful side effects of conventional cancer treatments. [Extracted from the article]

The patent issued for a monolithic lead assembly and methods of microfabricating it by Verily Life Sciences LLC focuses on neuromodulation therapies using medical device technologies to treat various diseases. The invention involves a thin-film cable assembly with conductive traces and a supporting structure, aiming to mitigate disconnections and fractures in neuromodulation devices. The patent details the materials, dimensions, and manufacturing methods for the monolithic lead assembly, emphasizing design flexibility and mechanical properties to enhance the reliability of neuromodulation systems. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for an electrically insulating continuous film for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor by inventors from South Carolina. The patent aims to address challenges in the design and manufacturing of high voltage capacitors used in implantable medical devices, such as defibrillators. The invention involves a device with a continuous electrically insulating film to improve the efficiency and reliability of the capacitor stack, offering a solution to manual taping processes that can lead to device failure. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application by inventor Rajesh Sur from Winston-Salem, NC, US, was published online on October 3, 2024, for an aerosol delivery device aimed at providing the sensations of smoking without the harmful byproducts of burning tobacco. The device includes a heater device with an electrically-conductive carbon element that volatilizes an aerosol precursor to form an aerosol. The patent application focuses on improving smoking articles, aerosol delivery devices, and electrically powered heat generating sources to enhance user experience and reduce potential health risks associated with traditional smoking products. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a Differential Dielectric Constant Sensing System (DDkSS) developed by inventors from Taibah University in Saudi Arabia. This system utilizes Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) resonance to compare dielectric constants of different samples, allowing for the detection of infection biomarkers in various types of samples. The DDkSS is accurate, low power, and provides real-time detection without the need for calibration, making it a promising tool for characterizing materials and detecting diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A researcher at Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS Pilani) in India has published a study on 3D printed hernia mesh implants. The study explores the sensing capabilities of a specific type of composite-based hernia mesh implant and analyzes its bio-stability in the patient's body. The study uses simulation-based comparisons to determine that a specific conducting element, 17-4PH SS, shows promising results for implantable sensor applications and may be suitable for use as a 3D printed hernia mesh implant. The research also highlights the low corrosion rate of 17-4PH SS, making it a potential material for hernia mesh fabrication. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application for planar electro-magnetic devices has been filed by inventors from Bloomington, Indiana. The devices aim to design and construct power electronic devices with high efficiency and smaller size. Planar magnetics are used in these devices to achieve higher efficiency, lower profile, and higher power density. The patent application also includes a method for forming a calcium copper titanate (CCTO) nanoparticle film, which is used in the devices. The devices have both inductive and capacitive characteristics and are designed to embrace inherent parasitic elements. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for a virus inactivation setup for flowing fluids. The inventor proposes an apparatus that uses microwaves to disinfect fluids such as air or water, without the need for chemical agents that can contaminate the fluid. The apparatus has a simple structure, is cost-effective, and does not consume high amounts of energy. It includes perforated plates, microwave emitting connectors, and fluid permeable pads made from various materials. This invention could be used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems to prevent the spread of viruses. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a method of fabricating an improved integrated circuit device. The method involves forming a seal ring around the periphery of the integrated circuit area to protect it from damage and moisture-induced degradation. A moisture blocking layer is also formed to seal the boundary between adjacent dielectric films in the integrated circuit. The method is particularly useful for fabricating radio-frequency circuits and can be applied to silicon-on-insulator substrates. The patent was filed by inventors from Taiwan and Singapore and is assigned to United Microelectronics Corp. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Tissue Extraction Devices and Methods" has been published online by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The patent application is by inventors Aaron Germain, Kyle Klein, Benedek Orczy-Timko, and Michael D. Walker, and the assignee is Minerva Surgical Inc. The invention relates to electrosurgical cutting devices for the treatment of uterine fibroids. The devices described in the patent application aim to provide a system that can effectively cut and remove fibroid tissue through a small diameter hysteroscope. [Extracted from the article]

• The TiN/BN composite has been constructed via the in-situ synthesis method. • The stable dielectric loss ensures that TiN/BN composite exhibits robust high-temperature absorption properties at X-band. • The stable cyclic microwave absorption properties of TiN/BN composites provide a reliable guarantee for practical applications. High-efficiency and temperature-insensitive microwave absorbing materials (MAMs) are ideal for high-temperature electromagnetic attenuation. Herein, the titanium nitride/boron nitride (TiN/BN) composite with TiN as the loss unit and BN as the impedance matching unit has been constructed by the in-situ synthesis method. The insulating BN not only effectively regulates and optimizes the conductivity and impedance matching of the material but also imparts steady cyclic microwave absorption properties. The steady dielectric loss ensures that TiN/BN composite has robust high-temperature absorption properties at X-band, with a minimum reflection loss (RL min) of −16.74 dB at 873 K and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.26 GHz in the temperature range of 293–873 K. Compared with the TiN/SiO 2 absorbers with a single system, the TiN/BN/SiO 2 composite keeps reliable high temperature absorbing properties at 873 K. This work confirms that wave-transparent materials for dielectric property modulation can resolve poor temperature stability of effective absorption and non-reusability for high-temperature absorbing materials, providing inspirations for designing efficiency high-temperature microwave absorbers. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With Copper (Cu) Interconnects causing performance bottleneck at single nanometer nodes due to increase in resistivity size effects viz., grain boundary scattering and surface scattering, there has always been scavenging for alternate interconnect materials. Although the Cu resistivity value decreases at cryogenic temperature, the problems continue to persist. In this work, we study three alternate interconnect materials specifically for 77K High Performance Compute applications. We select the materials based on their resistivity value at 77K for 7nm node computed using Fuchs-Sondheimer-Mayadas-Shatzkes (FS-MS) models. We analyze the delay of the interconnects, understand repeater insertion as a function of wire length, evaluate repeater count and energy at system level and perform IR drop analysis by showing through detailed analytical models that Ru, Rh and Al can provide appreciable improvements over Cu at 77K. The delay of interconnects reduces by 1-3.75% for Ru, 1.5-7.25% for Rh and 4.4-17.8% for Al across the BEOL stack while repeater counts decrease by 10%, 15% and 37% for Ru, Rh and Al respectively at 77K. We investigate thermal and reliability aspects of interconnect design including electromigration, Joule Heating and maximum allowed current densities again proving that Ru (9%), Rh (18%) and Al (63%) outperform Cu at 77K. Finally, we study the effects of various Low-k dielectric materials on the interconnect capacitance and thermal behavior for Cu as well as three alternate materials noting that, even though thermal conductivity of dielectrics decrease at 77K, the Joule Heating will not be as worse as one might expect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses sacrificial anodes work by generating a small galvanic current that makes the boat's underwater fixtures cathodic with respect to the anode. The same effect can be produced by feeding controlled amounts of DC current through the water to fittings (and the hull, if metallic). This is the basis for impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems. A reference electrode senses the.

Inmode Ltd., based in Yokneam, Israel, has been issued a patent for a method of treating erectile dysfunction. The patent describes a method that uses radiofrequency (RF) energy to heat penile tissue and improve blood circulation. The method involves applying large area electrodes to the penis, with one electrode at the distal part of the penis and another electrode under another portion of the penis. The RF current flows between the electrodes, heating the entire length of the penile tissue. The method aims to provide an alternative solution to PDE5 inhibitors, which may not be effective for everyone and lack spontaneity. [Extracted from the article]

BTL Medical Solutions A.S. has been issued a patent for a device and method that combines radiofrequency and magnetic energy for aesthetic treatment of biological structures. The patent addresses the limitations of current non-invasive treatments and proposes a device that offers improved results, shorter treatment periods, and increased patient comfort. The device includes segmented RF electrodes to minimize the effects of the magnetic field and enhance treatment efficiency and safety. It can be used on various body areas, such as the face, neck, or chin, with the aim of minimizing muscle and ligament injury while providing effective treatment. The patent provides detailed descriptions of the device's components and configurations. [Extracted from the article]

Micron Technology Inc. has been issued a patent for altering breakdown voltages in gate devices. The patent describes a method for adjusting the breakdown voltage (BV) in integrated-circuit devices, such as NAND N-doped metal-oxide semiconductor (NMOS) structures and NAND P-doped MOS (PMOS) structures. The method involves implanting breakdown-enhancement implant (BEI) intrusion regions within lightly doped drain (LDD) structures, which helps to adjust the BV of the gate in response to miniaturization. This technology can be used to reduce punch-through current and improve the performance of high-voltage NMOS and PMOS devices. [Extracted from the article]

Medtronic Inc. has been issued a patent for a shaped rechargeable battery electronic interconnect. The patent describes methods of joining thin metal foil layers together to form electrically conductive stacks for electrochemical cells. The invention aims to address issues such as insufficient electrical connectivity and mechanical detachment between metal foils in stacked plate electrochemical cells. The patent provides details on various weld joint designs and describes a method of welding metal foil layers together using top and bottom end plates. The patent also includes claims for an electrochemical cell, an anode or cathode structure, and a method of forming a welded metal foil stack. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for an endometrial ablation method developed by Hermes Innovations LLC. The method involves applying radiofrequency current to endometrial tissue using an expandable, thin-wall dielectric member enclosing an ionized gas. The invention aims to address the deficiencies of previous electrode designs, such as slow treatment times, incomplete treatments, non-uniform ablation depths, and the risk of injury to adjacent organs. The method involves deploying a triangular dielectric wall in the uterus, converting a neutral gas into an electrically conductive plasma, and capacitively coupling the radiofrequency current through the plasma and across the dielectric wall into the endometrial tissue. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for a filter assembly, detector, and method of manufacture of a filter assembly. The patent describes the use of dielectric filters, such as interference filters, which are commonly used in various applications. The invention focuses on reducing spectral smearing and improving spectral resolution under diffuse light conditions. The filter assembly includes an incident medium, a spacer, at least one dielectric filter, and an exit medium. By designing the spacer, the effective refractive index of the filter assembly can be reduced, resulting in enhanced transmitted light resolution. The patent also includes various claims related to the filter assembly and its manufacturing method. [Extracted from the article]

Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc. has been issued a patent for a sensor assembly and method of using it. The sensor assembly allows for multiple tests to be run concurrently using a small sample volume. The assembly includes two substrates arranged in a layered structure, with sensor portions on each substrate that work together to identify different analytes of interest. The sensor assembly can be read by a reader, which measures the presence and/or concentration of analytes based on data obtained from the sensors. This technology has potential applications in healthcare and medical technology. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for an electrosurgical apparatus that delivers radiofrequency (RF) and/or microwave energy into biological tissue. The apparatus includes an active tip with a planar body made of a dielectric material, a protective hull made of electrically conductive material, and a coaxial feed cable for conveying the RF and/or microwave energy. The protective hull serves as a conductive path between the coaxial cable and the active tip, eliminating the need for additional connecting components. This invention aims to minimize bleeding during surgical procedures and improve visibility for endoscopic procedures. The patent was filed by Creo Medical Limited and published online on August 20, 2024. [Extracted from the article]

Verily Life Sciences LLC has been issued a patent for connectors for high density neural interfaces. The patent describes the need for reliable and non-permanent connectors for lead assemblies with high density neural interfaces. The invention includes a lead assembly with a cable, a connector, and an electrode assembly, as well as a header and lead assembly with a connector, a header, and a clip. The connectors have a predetermined shape or profile that facilitates alignment and insertion into the header. The patent provides various embodiments and claims for the invention. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited for an interfacial dual passivation layer for a ferroelectric device. The patent describes a semiconductor structure that includes a ferroelectric field effect transistor with a gate dielectric comprising a stack of a ferroelectric dielectric layer, a metal-rich hafnium oxide layer, and a stoichiometric HfN layer. The interfacial dual passivation layer improves the ferroelectric characteristics of the ferroelectric dielectric layer. The patent provides detailed information about the structure and composition of the semiconductor device. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Electronic Package, Electronic Structure And Manufacturing Method Thereof" has been published online by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The patent application, filed by inventors CHEN, Yi-Ling and CHUANG, Kuan-Wei, and assigned to Siliconware Precision Industries Co. Ltd., relates to a semiconductor device and specifically focuses on an electronic package, electronic structure, and manufacturing method. The invention aims to address the challenges of heat transfer and non-wetting of solder material in conventional semiconductor packaging processes by using an epoxy molding compound as a protective layer. The patent application provides detailed descriptions and claims for the electronic structure, method of manufacturing, and electronic package. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd. for a semiconductor package device with an integrated inductor and its manufacturing method. The patent addresses the challenge of integrating inductors into smaller semiconductor chips. The proposed solution involves a miniaturized on-chip inductor made of permalloy with a high permeability coefficient. The manufacturing process involves a chip on wafer on substrate (CoWoS) process and a pick-and-place (PnP) process, which do not significantly increase complexity or reduce manufacturing efficiency. The resulting inductor-embedded package device offers improved inductor performance with a reduced device size. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Lateral Capacitors of Semiconductor Devices" has been published online by the inventors David Pritchard, Hong Yu, and Zhixing Zhao. The application describes semiconductor devices and methods of forming them to achieve further miniaturization and improve overall device performance. The devices include a substrate, gate electrodes, isolation structures, and electrode plates. The inventors provide detailed descriptions and drawings of the devices and methods. No assignee for the patent application has been identified. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers CHOU, Pao-Hung and HSU, Che-Wei have developed a new inductor structure that can be embedded in a package substrate. This invention addresses issues faced by traditional inductors, such as electromagnetic interference and magnetic shielding. The structure includes an insulator with a coil-shaped inductance circuit embedded in it, along with a magnetically permeable alloy layer that is not electrically connected to the circuit. The patent application also outlines a method for manufacturing this inductor structure. The goal of this invention is to improve the electrical characteristics of inductors and overcome limitations of previous designs. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Roche Sequencing Solutions Inc. for the fabrication of tunneling junctions with nanopores for molecular recognition. Nanopores have the potential to detect single molecules and are used in chemical and biological detection. However, there are challenges in fabricating nanopores with the necessary dimensions for accurate analysis. The patent describes improvements in the design and manufacturability of nanopore-containing devices to address these challenges, including the use of non-vertical sidewalls, insulating layers, and tapered electrodes. The system described in the patent allows for the analysis of molecules using a device with electrodes and an insulating layer with an aperture. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application for a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) vibration sensor and its fabricating method has been made available online. The inventors have identified the drawbacks of current MEMS vibration sensors, such as their large size and poor sensitivity, and have proposed a solution. The proposed MEMS vibration sensor includes a substrate, a sensing-device, and metal pads for electrical coupling. The inventors have also provided two different fabricating methods for the MEMS vibration sensor. This patent application offers potential advancements in bone-conduction microphones and could contribute to emerging technologies in the field of health and medicine. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Method Of Modifying Particles Using A Cascade Plasma Reactor" has been published online by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The patent application describes a cascade reactor that can modify particles for various applications. The reactor uses a dielectric barrier discharge plasma to treat particles and create modified particles. The method can be used to coat particles, functionalize their surface, etch them, or clean them. The patent application provides detailed information about the reactor design and the process of operating it. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co. Ltd. for a multilayer capacitor and board. The invention aims to improve the reliability of multilayer capacitors and their mounting substrates. The multilayer capacitor includes a dielectric layer, internal electrodes, and external electrodes. The capacitor also features inner and outer layers on the end portions of the internal electrodes, with the inner layer having a lower dielectric constant than the outer layer. The patent provides specific ratios and thicknesses for the different layers and components of the capacitor. [Extracted from the article]

Creo Medical Limited, based in the United Kingdom, has been issued a patent for an electrosurgical instrument. The instrument utilizes electromagnetic energy, specifically microwave and radiofrequency energy, to cut, coagulate, and ablate body tissue. The instrument is designed to be flexible and small in order to navigate through passageways and around obstacles within the body. It can be used for both cutting and ablating tissue, reducing the risk of seeding cancerous cells in healthy areas of the body and minimizing the need to interchange instruments during surgery. The patent provides detailed information about the structure and functionality of the instrument. [Extracted from the article]

[Display omitted] • The (Ta + Al + La) co-doped TiO 2 ceramic with suitable La/Al ratio exhibits colossal permittivity with excellent temperature/frequency stability as well as outstanding dc bias stability. • The current density of (Ta + Al + La) co-doped TiO 2 ceramic with suitable La/Al ratio is reduced almost four order of magnitude at the same electric field compared with (Ta + La) co-doped ceramic. • The results and mechanisms presented in this work open up a feasible route to design high-performance CP materials via defect engineering. Donor-acceptor co-doped rutile TiO 2 ceramics with colossal permittivity (CP) have been extensively investigated in recent years due to their potential applications in modern microelectronics. In addition to CP and low dielectric loss, voltage stability is an essential property for CP materials utilized in high-power and high-energy density storage devices. Unfortunately, the voltage stability of CP materials based on co-doped TiO 2 does not catch enough attention. Here, we propose a strategy to enhance the voltage stability of co-doped TiO 2 , where different ionic defect clusters are formed by two acceptor ions with different radii to localize free carriers and result in high performance CP materials. The (Ta + Al + La) co-doped TiO 2 ceramic with suitable La/Al ratio exhibits colossal permittivity with excellent temperature stability as well as outstanding d c bias stability. The density functional theory analysis suggests that L a 3 + A l 3 + V O • • T i 3 + defect clusters and Ta5+-Al3+ pairs are responsible for the excellent dielectric properties in (Ta + Al + La) co-doped TiO 2. The results and mechanisms presented in this work open up a feasible route to design high performance CP materials via defect engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]