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AbstractConstruction of industrial enterprises has become more necessary in recent years. It is critical for project managers to estimate the entire cost of a building project at this early stage. Existing approaches that use operator experience as a mathematical formula. Initial estimates are inaccurate due to the lack of available data points, which leads to overruns in project costs. This research utilizes different machine learning techniques to predict preliminary factory construction cost. Five popular numeric predictive techniques: support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), generalized linear regression (GENLIN), classification and regression-based techniques (CART), exhaustive chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) are used for baseline and ensemble models. A deep learning neural network (DLNN) is also utilized in this study. The machine learning model is trained and tested on actual data gathered in the southern part of Vietnam. Deep learning outperforms all other machine learning algorithms in this comparison, while the ensemble model of artificial neural networks and generalised linear regression also fared well. Cost estimators can quickly pick the best model for projecting the cost of constructing a preliminary factory by having access to a variety of estimate methodologies.

The study attempted to analyse costs and margins of smallholder farmers involved in the coffee value chain in Dak Lak province - the coffee capital of Vietnam. Data was collected through a survey and was assessed by applying M4P approach. ARIMA model was used for forecasting the costs and margins over time. The results revealed that coffee growing households receive the highest profits and create the highest value added in the chain. In the short-term, coffee farmers bear less price volatility risk than coffee manufacturing and exporting enterprises, but in the long-term, this risk will gradually shift from manufacturing and exporting companies to them.

In this work, we introduce a new algorithm for finding the minimum-norm solution of the multiple-sets split variational inequality problem in real Hilbert spaces. The strong convergence of the iterative sequence generated by the algorithm method is established under the condition that the mappings are monotone and Lipschitz continuous. We apply our main result to study the minimum-norm solution of the multiple-sets split feasibility problem and the split variational inequality problem. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed algorithm.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a promising alternative for the anode of Li-ion batteries because of its high theoretical capacity and layered structure for rapid ion transport. However, the issues of low electrical conductivity, high volume change, and complicated synthesis are limiting the practical application of MoS2as the anode in Li-ion batteries. To overcome these issues, we propose the synthesis of MoS2flakes/amorphous carbon hybrids (MoS2/C) for the application of the anode. The MoS2flakes are obtained by liquid-phase exfoliation of bulk MoS2in 2-propanol. Then, MoS2/C hybrids are produced by thermal decomposition of poly(acrylic acid) coated on MoS2. The hybrids are tested as anode-active materials in a half-cell configuration. The electrochemical tests show that the electrode, with the optimized carbon content, exhibits a reversible specific capacity of ∼521 mAh g–1at 100 mA g–1after 100 cycles, with a coulombic efficiency approaching 100%. The remarkable performance of the MoS2/C hybrids is attributed to the carbon network acting as a buffer layer to alleviate the volume change of MoS2. This study demonstrates an approach to enhance the electrochemical performance of MoS2/C hybrids for Li+storage applications.

ABSTRACTBackground & aim: This study aims to prospectively assess the validity, reliability and feasibility of two nutrition screening tools NRS-2002 and MST combined with BMI (MST+BMI) after administration by medical doctors in hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) Viet Nam.Methods: Participants were 150 adult patients (validity study), 30 adult patients (reliability study) and 40 medical doctors (feasibility study) in three wards from three general public hospitals in HCMC. Area Under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and percent of correctly classified were calculated to determine validity against SGA or BMI. Cohen’s kappa (κ) statistics were calculated to determine the reliability of NRS-2002 and MST+BMI. Viewpoints regarding the benefit and role of nutrition screening and the ease of use, acceptability and feasibility of NRS-2002 and MST+BMI were assessed among medical doctors using self-administered questionnaires with Likert scales to determine feasibility.Results: After completing by medical doctors the NRS-2002 and MST+BMI showed good validity (the sensitivity and specificity were 80.3% and 79.8% for NRS-2002 and were 81.8% and 84.5% for MST+BMI, respectively) and consistent reliability (κ: 0.72 & 0.75) against SGA or BMI. Medical doctors mostly agreed (93%) on the need for and benefits of nutrition screening. It took between two and 4 min to complete screening using NRS-2002 or MST+BMI. Over 82% of medical doctors indicated that the NRS-2002 and MST+BMI were easy to conduct. There was, however, lower agreement (73%), regarding the feasibility of implementing screening in their wards and hospitals.Conclusions: Both NRS-2002 and MST+BMI were valid, reliable and feasible for use by medical doctors for nutrition screening in hospitals in the resource sparse Vietnamese context. Additional activities are required to make nutrition screening more feasible.

In this article, we investigate the density of the solution to a class of stochastic functional differential equations by means of Malliavin calculus. Our aim is to provide upper and lower Gaussian estimates for the density.

•Analytic expression for the melting temperature of interstitial alloy is derived.•The melting temperature at zero pressure and under pressure is determined.•The theoretical results are numerically applied for alloys FeH and FeC.

The statistical moment method is used to study the melting of defective interstitial AB alloys, where A is the main element and B is an interstitial atom, with a body-centered-cubic (BCC) structure. The melting temperature of the AB alloy with defects is obtained from the temperature of absolute stability for the crystalline state and the equilibrium vacancy concentration. Numerical calculations are performed for the interstitial alloys TaSi and WSi. Our calculated results are in good agreement with other calculations.

Background and Purpose The acute vertebrobasilar occlusion associated with the poor prognosis, particularly tandem occlusion. However, few data on the efficacy of the endovascular therapy was indicated in this occlusion. We investigated whether the additional rescue extracranial vertebral stenting improved clinical outcome by modified Rankin scale (mRS) score within 3 months after the procedure.Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients with acute posterior tandem occlusion who were treated with rescue extracranial vertebral stenting between December 2020 and January 2024 at our hospital. Clinical, neuroimaging, procedural, and complication data were collected. Primary outcomes included the rate of good outcomes (mRS ≤ 2) at 3-month follow-up.Results Nine patients who underwent rescue extracranial vertebral stenting in posterior circulation tandem occlusions were enrolled in the study. All patients were achieved the successful recanalization (mTICI ≥ 2b). Of Dotter technique in the “distal-to-proximal” approach, Diagnostic-Dotter made up 66.7%. Five patients (55.6%) with good outcome (mRS ≤ 2) at 3 months, and 1 patient (11.1%) underwent suboccipital decompressive craniectomy due to the malignant cerebellar infarction.Conclusion Our study suggests that despite the small series with posterior tandem occlusions, the rescue extracranial vertebral stenting could be an important alternative treatment followed by mechanical thrombectomy.

Bone mass is maintained by the balance between osteoclast-induced bone resorption and osteoblast-triggered bone formation. In inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however, increased osteoclast differentiation and activity skew this balance resulting in progressive bone loss. O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification with attachment of a single O-linked β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) residue to serine or threonine residues of target proteins. Although O-GlcNAcylation is one of the most common protein modifications, its role in bone homeostasis has not been systematically investigated. We demonstrate that dynamic changes in O-GlcNAcylation are required for osteoclastogenesis. Increased O-GlcNAcylation promotes osteoclast differentiation during the early stages, whereas its downregulation is required for osteoclast maturation. At the molecular level, O-GlcNAcylation affects several pathways including oxidative phosphorylation and cell-cell fusion. TNFα fosters the dynamic regulation of O-GlcNAcylation to promote osteoclastogenesis in inflammatory arthritis. Targeted pharmaceutical or genetic inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) or O-GlcNAcase (OGA) arrests osteoclast differentiation during early stages of differentiation and during later maturation, respectively, and ameliorates bone loss in experimental arthritis. Knockdown of NUP153, an O-GlcNAcylation target, has similar effects as OGT inhibition and inhibits osteoclastogenesis. These findings highlight an important role of O-GlcNAcylation in osteoclastogenesis and may offer the potential to therapeutically interfere with pathologic bone resorption.

ZnO nanorods (NRs) were grown on graphene oxide (GO) with hydrothermal method and their structural, optical, and electrical properties were compared with those of ZnO NRs grown on quartz without GO. The enhancement of the crystallinity and the reduction of the oxygen vacancies of ZnO NRs on GO (ZnO/GO) were observed. TEM/EDS observation demonstrated the increase of oxygen concentration in ZnO NR by growing on GO due to the diffusion from the GO during solution synthesis process. From the conductivity measurement of a ZnO NR, however, the conductivity of ZnO NR on GO turned out to be much lower than that of ZnO NR on quartz. This confirms that diffused oxygen from GO fills the oxygen vacancies inside ZnO NRs, and that it leads to a decrease of the conductivity that is caused by the reduction of the charge-carrier concentration in ZnO NRs. These findings offer insightful information to apply high-performance ZnO/GO hybrid devices via process optimization.

We report our experience in treatment of traumatic direct carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) via endovascular intervention. We hereof recommend an additional classification system for type A CCF and suggest respective treatment strategies.Only type A CCF patients (Barrow's classification) would be recruited for the study. Based on the angiographic characteristics of the CCF, we classified type A CCF into three subtypes including small size, medium size and large size fistula depending on whether there was presence of the anterior carotid artery (ACA) and/or middle carotid artery (MCA). Angiograms with opacification of both ACA and MCA were categorized as small size fistula. Angiograms with opacification of either ACA or MCA were categorized as medium size fistula and those without opacification of neither ACA nor MCA were classified as large size fiatula. After the confirm angiogram, endovascular embolization would be performed impromptu using detachable balloon, coils or both. All cases were followed up for complication and effect after the embolization.A total of 172 direct traumatic CCF patients were enrolled. The small size fistula was accountant for 12.8% (22 cases), medium size 35.5% (61 cases) and large size fistula accountant for 51.7% (89 cases). The successful rate of fistula occlusion under endovascular embolization was 94% with preservation of the carotid artery in 70%. For the treatment of each subtype, a total of 21/22 cases of the small size fistulas were successfully treated using coils alone. The other single case of small fistula was defaulted. Most of the medium and large size fistulas were cured using detachable balloons. When the fistula sealing could not be obtained using detachable balloon, coils were added to affirm the embolization of the cavernous sinus via venous access. There were about 2.9% of patient experienced direct carotid artery puncture and 0.6% puncture after carotid artery cut-down exposure. About 30% of cases experienced sacrifice of the parent vessels and it was associated with sizes of the fistula. Total severe complication was about 2.4% which included 1 death (0.6%) due to vagal shock; 1 transient hemiparesis post-sacrifice occlusion of the carotid artery but the patient had recovered after 3 months; 1 acute thrombus embolism and the patient was completely saved with recombinant tissue plaminogen activator (rTPA); 1 balloon dislodgement then got stuck at the anterior communicating artery but the patient was asymptomatic.Endovascular intervention as the treatment of direct traumatic CCF had high cure rate and low complication with its ability to preserve the carotid artery. It also can supply flexible accesses to the fistulous site with various alternative embolic materials.The new classification of type A CCF based on angiographic features was helpful for planning for the embolization. Coil should be considered as the first embolic material for small size fistula meanwhile detachable balloons was suggested as the first-choice embolic agent for the medium and large size fistula.

We are reporting a 51-year-old female patient having a history of direct carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) which was treated by internal carotid artery (ICA) ligation 17 year ago. She presented to Ho Chi Minh City University Medical Center with symptoms of recurrent CCF. The recurred CCF was supplied by multiple feeders coming from anterior, posterior communicating artery and the recanalized left ICA. Her CCF was not plausible for another surgical ligation and was referred for endovascular treatment. The fistula was eventually occluded by percutaneous embolization via the right ICA approach. Through this case, we would like to discuss about the treatment strategies of those having recurrent CCF with preexisted ICA ligation.In Vietnam, previously carotico-cavernous fistula was mainly treated with muscle occlusion, carotid artery ligation or combinations of these methods. There were reported good outcomes for treatment of CCF surgically. However, surgical repairs had carried, not only complication, but a risk of recurrence due to recanalization of the previously ligated ICA.Since the emergence of endovascular intervention, the treatment of direct CCF has evolved from surgical ligation to angiographic embolization using balloon or coils via artery route or venous access. This endovascular method currently is the treatment of choice for traumatic CCF due to its ability to preserve the carotid artery and flexibility in treatment strategy with various approaches to the fisutla.

The photocatalytic performance of a multidimensional heterojunction composed of decorated Ag nanoparticles on ZnO nanorods vertically grown on a chemically converted graphene (CCG) was investigated. The combined heterojunction helps to improve photocatalytic activity by increasing light absorption, preventing photoinduced electron–hole recombination, and providing a carrier pathway for the giant π-conjugated system of CCG. A significant finding was that the low work function value of Ag (−4.74 eV) at the (111) surface makes possible the transfer of electrons from CCG to Ag. Consequently, the degree of photodegradation by Ag/ZnO/CCG is much higher than the sum of photodegradations by Ag/ZnO and ZnO/CCG samples, which indicates that the combination of metal, CCG, and semiconductor provides enhanced photocatalytic activity through the double transference of electrons.

A series of simple (6-substitutedbenzothiazol-2-yl)acrylamides was synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity and antimicrobial effects. All six compounds displayed very significant cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines tested including A549 (a human lung cancer cell line), Hela (a human ovarian cancer cell line), MCF7 (a human breast cancer cell line), and even MCF7-ADR (adriamycin-resistant human breast cancer cell line), with IC50 values in microgram/ml range and as low as 0.66 g/ml. The synthesized compounds also exhibited some antifungal effects against Apergillus niger.

Doped titania thin film was made by deposition of nano TiO2doping with transitional metals (Fe, Cr and V) and non-metal (N) on glass reactor. The thin film was consisted of particles ranging from 15 nm to 20 nm uniformly dispersed on the surface and the thickness of thin film determined by Alpha-Step IQ was 286 nm. The thin film also was characterized by FE-SEM and AFM. To evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the thin film, photocatalytic degradation of p-xylene under UV and visible light irradiation was tested. It showed that doped titania thin film exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity as compared to that of non-doped titania thin film.

A high quality transparent p–n heterojunction device comprised of 1D zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) and an ultrathin 2D graphene oxide (GO):carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid film was fabricated through a solution process. The turn on voltage and ideality factor of the device were 1.5 V and 6.1, respectively. Optical measurements revealed that the UV absorption of the ZnO NRs increased after a GO:CNT hybrid film was spray‐coated onto the NRs. As a result, the device exhibited a high response to UV illumination. The fabricated diode displayed high rectifying characteristics and excellent performance as a visible‐blind UV sensor.

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare disease that can be challenging to diagnose. In this report, we present a case of LPD arising 5 years after laparoscopic uterine myomectomy using a power morcellator.

We found that inserting silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) between two layers of reduced grapheme oxide (rGO) has an effect on tailoring the work function of rGO. The utilization of rGO/AgNPs/rGO sandwich structure as the hole extraction layer in polymer solar cells is demonstrated. Solution-processable fabrication of this sandwich structure at the ITO/active layer interface facilitates the extraction of hole from active layer into ITO anode because of lowering the barrier level alignment at the interface. It results in an improvement of the short circuit current density and the overall photovoltaic performance.

High density and narrow zinc oxide nanorod (ZnO NR) arrays (aspect ratio ∼18.9) were hydrothermally grown on gallium-doped ZnO (GZO) seed layer (3 wt% Ga-doping). Light-emitting diode (LED) fabricated with ZnO NR arrays grown on GZO seed showed marked 19% and 70% increases in light output power at 20 mA of driving current compared to that of LED with ZnO NR arrays grown on ZnO seed layer and reference LED. The significant enhancement of light output power is attributed to high density and surface-to-volume ratios of NR arrays as well as to enhanced multiple photons scattering at the NR surface.

Nano TiO2was synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The sample was doped with transition metal ions (V, Cr and Fe) and non-metal (N). Doped TiO2samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Photocatalytic activity in the mineralization of xylene (vapor phase), methylene blue and active dyer PR (liquid phase) was tested. In comparison with non-doped TiO2, V-, Cr-, Fe-doped TiO2and N-doped TiO2samples exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity using visible light instead of UV.

The intuitionistic fuzzy set theory is recognized as an effective approach for attribute reduction in decision information systems containing numerical or continuous data, particularly in cases of noisy data. However, this approach involves complex computations due to the participation of both the membership and non-membership functions, making it less feasible for data tables with a large number of objects. Additionally, in some practical scenarios, dynamic data tables may change in the number of objects, such as the addition or removal of objects. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel and efficient incremental attribute reduction method based on α , β -level intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Specifically, we first utilize the key properties of α , β -level intuitionistic fuzzy sets to construct a distance measure between two α , β -level intuitionistic fuzzy partitions. This extension of the intuitionistic fuzzy set model helps reduce noise in the data and shrink the computational space. Subsequently, we define a new reduct and design an efficient algorithm to identify an attribute subset in fixed decision tables. For dynamic decision tables, we develop two incremental calculation formulas based on the distance measure between two α , β -level intuitionistic fuzzy partitions to improve processing time. Accordingly, some important properties of the distance measures are also clarified. Finally, we design two incremental attribute reduction algorithms that handle the addition and removal of objects. Experimental results have demonstrated that our method is more effective than incremental methods based on fuzzy rough set and intuitionistic fuzzy set approaches in terms of execution time and classification accuracy from the obtained reduct. • A distance measure between two α , β -level intuitionistic fuzzy partitions is proposed. • A novel attribute reduction algorithm is proposed for finding an optimal reduct on the fixed decision table. • Two incremental attribute reduction algorithms are also proposed for dynamic decision tables. • Experiments on the benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]