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The beneficial effect of Chinese rice wine on atherosclerosis has been proved, but the exact components that have the cardiovascular protective effect are still unknown. This study aimed to explore the exact ingredients in Chinese rice wine that could inhibit homocysteine (Hcy)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration. VSMCs were divided into 7 groups: control, Hcy (1 mmol/L), Hcy + oligosaccharide, Hcy + polypeptides, Hcy + polyphenols, Hcy + alcohol, and Hcy + Chinese rice wine. methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, Transwell chambers, and wound-healing assay were used to test the proliferation and migratory ability of the VSMCs. Western blot and gelatin zymography were used to investigate the expressions and activities of metal matrix proteinase 2/9 (MMP-2/9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) in VSMCs. Polypeptides and polyphenols in the Chinese rice wine reduced the proliferation and migration ability of the VSMCs. Furthermore, they also decreased the expression and activity of MMP-2/9 but had no obvious impact on the expression of TIMP-2 in each group. This study further confirms that polypeptides and polyphenols in the Chinese rice wine could inhibit Hcy-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs and maintain the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and TIMPs.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine similarities in the effect of yellow wine as compared to statin and the possibility that yellow wine inhibits tumour necrosis factor- α(TNF-α)-induced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in cultured rat vascular endothelial cells (VECs).MethodsWe isolated VECs, and cultivated and purified Sprague Dawley (SD) rat thoracic aortas in vitro.We selected the optimal wine concentration using clonogenic and MTT assays to measure cell survival. Next, we divided the cells into 9 groups: (1) control, (2) TNF-α, (3) TNF- α+ rosuvastatin (10 μmol/L), (4) TNF- α+ ethanol 0.5%, (5) TNF- α+ yellow wine 0.5%, (6) TNF- α+ ethanol 1.0%, (7) TNF- α+ yellow wine 1.0%, (8) TNF- α+ ethanol 1.5%, and (9) TNF- α+ yellow wine 1.5% and they were given the corresponding treatment for 24 h. We determined NO production with nitrate reductase. We then measured eNOS activity, and detected eNOS, iNOS, and ICAM-1 protein levels by Western blotting.ResultsCompared with the TNF-á group, NO production, eNOS activity, and eNOS protein expression in the rosuvastatin, and yellow wine 1.0%, and 1.5% groups were significantly increased. Protein expression of iNOS and ICAM-1 in the rosuvastatin, yellow wine 1.0%, and 1.5% groups were significantly decreased. Compared with the rosuvastatin group, eNOS, iNOS, and ICAM-1 protein expression in the yellow wine (0.5% -1.5%) groups were significantly different.ConclusionTreatment with yellow wine increased NO production, eNOS activity, and eNOS protein expression, which decreases iNOS and ICAM-1 protein expression. We conclude that yellow wine may have similar beneficial effects as rosuvastatin on the cardiovascular system. These effects may be attributed to their anti-atherosclerotic actions.

Our previous study found that Chinese yellow wine could inhibit the production of homocysteine (HCY) induced extracellular matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) in the cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Little is known about the relationship between Chinese yellow wine and atherosclerosis or MMP‐2 in vivo. Thirty‐two LDL Receptor knockout mice on a high‐fat and l‐methionine diet developed plasma hyperhomocysteinemia and atherosclerosis. They were randomly divided into yellow wine group (n = 8), red wine group (n = 8), ethanol group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8), they were sacrificed after 14 weeks. There were no significant differences with plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the four groups. Plasma HCY was significantly decreased in the yellow wine group compared to the other three groups (P< 0.01). Yellow wine and red wine groups significantly reduced the atherosclerosis lesion area compared to ethanol and control groups (P< 0.001). However, there was no significant discrepancy between the yellow wine group and red wine group. Compared to the control group and ethanol group, the production of MMP‐2 reduced 26.8% and 23.6% in the aortic sinus and the activation of MMP‐2 reduced 32.6% and 27.3% in the aortic arch in the yellow wine group; the production of MMP‐2 reduced 25.7% and 22.4% in the aortic sinus and the activation of MMP‐2 reduced 30.2% and 26.6% in the aortic arch in the red wine group. These results suggest that Chinese yellow wine and red wine can inhibit MMP‐2 and improve atherosclerosis, and maybe both Chinese yellow wine and red wine have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease by inhibiting MMP‐2.

Our previous study found that Chinese yellow wine could inhibit the production of homocysteine (HCY) induced extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Little is known about the relationship between Chinese yellow wine and atherosclerosis or MMP-2 in vivo. Thirty-two LDL Receptor knockout mice on a high-fat and l-methionine diet developed plasma hyperhomocysteinemia and atherosclerosis. They were randomly divided into yellow wine group (n 8), red wine group (n 8), ethanol group (n 8), and control group (n 8), they were sacrificed after 14 weeks. There were no significant differences with plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the four groups. Plasma HCY was significantly decreased in the yellow wine group compared to the other three groups (P< 0.01). Yellow wine and red wine groups significantly reduced the atherosclerosis lesion area compared to ethanol and control groups (P< 0.001). However, there was no significant discrepancy between the yellow wine group and red wine group. Compared to the control group and ethanol group, the production of MMP-2 reduced 26.8 and 23.6 in the aortic sinus and the activation of MMP-2 reduced 32.6 and 27.3 in the aortic arch in the yellow wine group; the production of MMP-2 reduced 25.7 and 22.4 in the aortic sinus and the activation of MMP-2 reduced 30.2 and 26.6 in the aortic arch in the red wine group. These results suggest that Chinese yellow wine and red wine can inhibit MMP-2 and improve atherosclerosis, and maybe both Chinese yellow wine and red wine have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease by inhibiting MMP-2.

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We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman with chest pain for 1 hour who was admitted to our emergency room with acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography and spiral computer tomography showed myocardial bridging and an intracoronary thrombus in the mid-segment of the left anterior descending artery. She felt better after taking aspirin, diltiazem and a beta blocker and was discharged 15 days later.