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The paper aims to identify customers' preferences toward last-mile delivery in e-commerce in Poland and Brazil and diagnoses the drivers and barriers to implement solutions for sustainable last-mile delivery. In order to achieve this aim, a survey was conducted among e-customers in Poland and Brazil, and data were analysed using conjoint analysis. Additionally, an expert panel was established to identify barriers and drivers for implementing last-mile delivery solutions. For Polish customers, price is the most important, while for Brazilian customers, home delivery. The essential barriers inhibiting the implementation of sustainable last-mile delivery solutions are lack of regulation, insufficient green energy sources, the high price of electric vehicles, and fear of their short lifetime. Support from the local government was identified as a primary driver, followed by the organization of free delivery to parcel lockers/pick-up points and education and training of all stakeholders.

The main purpose of the paper is evaluating the effectiveness of strategies applied by transnational corporations on the markets worldwide on the basis of the set of indicators proposed by the author. The added value of the presented analysis is also the proposed approach to establishing the ranking of the transnational corporations using the relative taxonomy method in the dynamics perspective. The results of the study may be used as an alternative to the rankings developed by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development under the World Investment Report ranking published to date.

The principle of transparency not only is changing but its importance is increasing. International organizations, including the OECD, are seeking to develop harmonized standards of transparency in public administration. This fact is of particular importance in the search for common solutions for the OECD countries in the implementation of transparency standards, but also this organisation has sought adequate methods for measuring implementation of these standards. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the level of spatial homogeneity in the area of application of the standards of “integrity” of the OECD, which are an expression of the principle of transparency in the member states of this organization, on the European continent. In the study vector calculus was used.

Co-creation is a process of involving entities, including customers, contractors, or final recipients, in tasks related to their design and development. It applies in particular to solutions that require, for example, the acceptance of higher delivery costs and returns resulting from the use of environmentally friendly solutions. Assessing the possibility of introducing to the market the solutions, the costs of which will be at least partially borne by customers requires the recognition of their expectations and preferences.

One of the most important areas of sustainable development is the transport sector. There are a lot of different examples of sustainable transport in many papers. The most commonly used definitions of sustainable transport include environmentally sustainable transport, sustainable transport system and process sustainability of the transport system. The differences between the cited concepts are generally minor, substantially greater difficulties arise, however, in measuring the characteristics of the sustainability of transport, not only in the base - by analyzing the indicators, but especially in a multidimensional system aimed at exploring the relationship between the characteristics chosen to describe sustainable transport. The aim of this paper is to identify and select indicators repeated in different strategic documents describing sustainable transport, then study the spatial coherence selected for the study of these indicators and conduct an analysis of relations between the identified areas of sustainable transport. In the available literature, the results of such analyses to date are based mainly on the analysis of sustainability of individual indicators. Much less attention has been devoted to the study of interactions between the indicated areas. In this paper, the vector calculus method is applied.

In literature, discussions on creating and modelling the transport behaviour of urban residents relate to both large and small cities. Despite this, there is a need for a holistic approach and interdisciplinary research in this field, especially dedicated to smaller towns also exposed to the various problems associated with urban transport. The rate and nature of changes in transport behaviour of urban residents in both Western Europe and in Central and Eastern Europe is conditioned by many diverse factors. There is therefore a need to find methods for the analysis of multiple variables describing the communication behaviour of urban residents. The purpose of the study is an attempt to model transportation preferences of urban residents. The paper presents the results of modelling transport behaviour of inhabitants using factor analysis. The authors decided to present the results of the factor analysis because despite the separation of tasks carried out by a transport organizer (the appropriate department of the City Council) and an operator (the entity implementing the transport service in the city), in practice these factors are seen commonly by passengers. It was decided, therefore, to check how the inhabitants using urban public transport assess the quality of the public transport within the city. The study results can be a useful tool for local authorities in order to design solutions that improve the competitiveness of public transport to private transport.

The main aim of the paper is to analyse the impact of urban projects related to passenger and freight transport undertaken by local governments on the reduction of environmental degradation. The authors have presented the survey results conducted among 36 cities with administration county rights in Poland. In addition in the paper the multidimensional comparative analysis, including correspondence analysis, has been applied. This analysis enabled different classes of cities to be obtained related to the passenger and freight transport and targeted at environmental protection projects. The study results quite clearly show that there are no standards in the measurement of urban projects’ efficiency according to their impact on environmental protection and the range of implemented projects in this field depends on the city population size.