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We study the relaxation and damping dynamics of an ultracold, but not quantum degenerate, gas consisting of dipolar particles. These simulations are performed using a direct simulation Monte Carlo method and employing the highly anisotropic differential cross section of dipoles in the Wigner threshold regime. We find that both cross-dimensional relaxation and damping of breathing modes occur at rates that are strongly dependent on the orientation of the dipole moments relative to the trap axis. The relaxation simulations are in excellent agreement with recent experimental results in erbium. The results direct our interest toward a less explored regime in dipolar gases where interactions are dominated by collision processes rather than mean-field interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zusammenfassung: Ein jetzt 72-jähriger ehemaliger Bergmann entwickelte mit 65 Jahren einen erheblichen Leistungseinbruch mit Tagesmüdigkeit und Schlafstörungen. In pneumologischen und internistischen Schlafzentren wurden neben einer chronisch obstruktiven Lungenerkrankung ein grenzwertiges obstruktives Schlafapnoesyndrom und später ein “Upper Airway Resistance Syndrom” diagnostiziert. Außerdem bestand eine zunehmend reduzierte Schlafeffizienz. Sowohl die initiale Theorphyllintherapie als auch die spätere nächtliche Überdruckbeatmung konnten die Beschwerden nicht lindern. Vielmehr entwickelte der Patient unter Therapie lautes Schnarchen und eine Unfähigkeit im Liegen zu schlafen. Bei dem damals 71-jährigen zeigte die HNO-ärztliche Untersuchung eine altersbedingt veränderte Epiglottis, welche bei Inspiration den Larynx komplett verlegte. Die Polysomnographie, welche nur in halbsitzender Position möglich war, ergab eine Reduktion des Tiefschlafanteils und eine maximale Sauerstoffentsättigung auf 77% bei einem AHI von 4,8. Mittels laserchirurgischer Teilresektion der Epiglottis kam es zu einer Beseitigung von Tagesmüdigkeit und Leistungsabfall. Ein Schlafen in liegender Position wurde wieder möglich. In der Polysomnographie zeigte sich eine Normalisierung der Schlafarchitektur bei unverändert niedriger Schlafeffizienz. Der Fall belegt die Wichtigkeit der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit auf dem Gebiet der Schlafmedizin.

Material components and parts suppliers to the automobile industry find that quality and delivery override price in obtaining contracts. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are attempting to develop a trust relationship with suppliers over quality. Suppliers are becoming involved with OEMs in their product/process plans. OEM's costs are higher than the Japanese because they do not employ shared tooling. The goal is to close in on the foreign competition from the Japanese.

American robot manufacturing companies want the American automobile industry as their market. Foreign competition from Japan will be fierce. Profit margins in all markets for robots will be tight due to the intense international competition. United States robot manufacturers see their competitive advantage in technology. Japanese robots have excellent mechanisms but simple technological controls.

With the economic recession, the tractor market has been waging marketing battles for the past year or so. Ford Motor Co. is keeping its marketing communications budget steady for its tractor division. It is expected that with the reduction of inventory and recovery of sales, marketers will be able to devote more time and money to straight advertising and merchandising as opposed to expensive rebating. Aided by increased housing starts, industrial sales are expected to climb. Farm sales are also expected to rise because of expected government support programs. Forecasters are looking for a modest ten per cent increase for the overall industry.

Japanese direct investment in United States automobile production has caused some concern among suppliers. The leading ventures in the United States are the General Motors joint assembly plant venture in California and the expansion of the Honda Motors' Maryville, Ohio car plant. However, a spokesman for General Motors-Toyota expects the parts output to be high. According to a spokesman for Honda, the company takes its time in selecting vendors. It wants to establish good, long term relationships.

Dow Chemical plans to increase its advertising on its specialty chemical products. The company has recently undergone a reorganization that had realigned the commercial operations of its industrial business' marketing objectives. The reorganization establishes three product departments: basic chemicals, metals and plastics, and industrial specialties and services. The industrial specialties group has four product departments: urethanes, costings and resins specialty chemicals, and fabricated products. Heavy advertising expenditures will be used to push four new specialty product launches. The company's sales force has been expanding. The company's primary advertising objective is to increase its brand awareness.

IBM has entered an agreement with Comshare, a computer software firm that specializes in decision support system (DSS) software. The complementary agreement allows IBM to market DSS and other professional services. Each company will market its own products but their sales people will make joint sales calls. The agreement also calls for the companies to work on software improvements that will support new hardware and operating software. This is the first time IBM has recognized 'off-the- shelf' software for its mainframe computers.

Even though TRW is continuing its corporate advertising plans into 1984, some of its divisions are carefully watching business trends. The electronics and defense sector fears that government budget cuts may be on the horizon. Automotive advertising has been suspended for six months. The electronics and defense sector is currently holding an agency review for its planned recruitment campaign.

The reorganization of General Motors (GM) five car divisions probably will not change the day to day dealings of the company's suppliers. The reorganization should make dealings with suppliers more efficient. Some suppliers may be terminated because GM will continue its demand for 'just-in-time' delivery and larger and longer term contracts. Comments from some of GM's suppliers on how the reorganization will most likely affect them are given.

Rockwell Industries will begin a new trade campaign in Western Europe. The campaign will begin in the first quarter of 1984 and will be aimed at heavy-duty axle customers. The campaign will support a joint venture with IVECO trucks. Other international advertising plans for the company including its corporate advertising are discussed.

Federal Mogul Corp. plans to emphasize its new computerized inventory control/order system in its 1984 advertising and marketing efforts. The company also plans to introduce new products in its after market distribution system. The new inventory system is likely to change the company's relationship with its distributors. The company has been evolving into a marketer of automotive supplies rather than just a manufacturer.

The effects of alpha-D-mannopyranosylmethyl-p-nitrophenyltriazene (MMNT) on mannosidases involved in asparagine-linked oligosaccharide processing were investigated. MMNT was found to inhibit the activity of rat liver Golgi alpha-mannosidase I in a concentration-dependent manner (50% inhibition with 0.18 mM-MMNT), whereas rat liver endoplasmic-reticulum alpha-mannosidase appeared to be resistant (less than 5% inhibition at 1 mM-MMNT). Jack-bean alpha-mannosidase was also sensitive to inhibition by MMNT (50% inhibition with 0.32 mM-MMNT). Treatment of influenza-virus-infected chick-embryo cells with 1 mM-MMNT led to a decrease in the formation of complex-type asparagine-linked oligosaccharides and an accumulation of high-mannose-type oligosaccharides with the composition Man8(GlcNAc)2 and Man7(GlcNAc)2 on the viral glycoproteins. The biological activities of influenza-virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase synthesized in the presence of 1 mM-MMNT remained unchanged, but the virus was less infectious than the control.

We have previously shown that subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics may influence the adhesion of Escherichia coli SS142 to human epithelioid tissue culture cells. This report shows that these effects are not limited to E. coli SS142 or to our tissue culture system. Most of the 10 E. coli strains studied showed decreased adhesion to Intestine 407 tissue culture cells after growth in 25% of the minimum inhibitory concentration of streptomycin, tetracycline, trimethoprimsulfametrole, chloramphenicol, and clindamycin. Nalidixic acid at 25% of the minimum inhibitory concentration caused an increase of adhesion. The hemagglutinating activity of the five hemagglutinating strains and the adhesiveness of E. coli SS142 to human buccal cells were similarly affected by low concentrations of the above-mentioned antibiotics. We conclude that E. coli adhesion to human epithelioid tissue culture cells is a valid model of bacterial adhesion because of its high accuracy and reproducibility.

Amorphous metallic films are produced by quench condensation onto a 4K cold Si substrate under ultra high vacuum conditions. During evaporation the film growth is recorded in situ ellipsometrically. At the same time the mass of the film is measured with quartz microbalances. It is shown that the dielectric constants are dependent on film thickness. Different film models for evaluating the ellipsometric measurements are used and tested. The influence of porosity and interface roughness is taken into account. The dependence of mass density on thickness is mainly understood in terms of island growth. The dependence of the dielectric constant on concentration is discussed with respect to the Faber-Ziman theory.

The effects of alpha-D-mannopyranosylmethyl-p-nitrophenyltriazene (alpha-ManMNT) on the degradation and biosynthesis of oligosaccharide chains on alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) were studied. Addition of the triazene to a perfused liver prevented the complete degradation of endocytosed N-acetyl[14C]glucosamine-labeled asialo-AGP and caused the accumulation of Man2GlcNAc1 fragments in the lysosome-enriched fraction of the liver homogenate. This compound also reduced the reincorporation of lysosomally derived [14C]GlcNAc into newly secreted glycoproteins. Cultured hepatocytes treated with the inhibitor synthesized and secreted fully glycosylated AGP. However, the N-linked oligosaccharide chains on AGP secreted by the alpha-ManMNT-treated hepatocytes remained sensitive to digestion with endoglycosidase H, were resistant to neuraminidase, and consisted of Man9-7GlcNAc2 structures as analyzed by high resolution Bio-Gel P-4 chromatography. As measured by their resistance to cleavage by endoglycosidase H, the normal processing of all six carbohydrate chains on AGP to the complex form did not completely resume until nearly 24 h after triazene treatment. Since alpha-ManMNT is likely to irreversibly inactivate alpha-D-mannosidases, the return of normal AGP secretory forms after 24 h probably resulted from synthesis of new processing enzymes.

It was concluded that internal sprouts do not arise from adventitious buds, but from ordinary buds which show at least some development of external sprouts. Internal sprouts exhibited negative geotropism, and whether the parent tuber or an adjacent tuber was penetrated depended mainly on whether the developing sprout happened to be on the upper or lower part of the tuber. Internal sprouts became more prevalent when external sprouts were rosetted, but could be found to some extent when external sprouts showed little branching. CIPC at dosages sufficient to inhibit most, but not all, external sprouting greatly increased internal sprouting, presumably through the production of rosette sprouts. Higher concentrations of CIPC inhibited all bud growth and hence eliminated both external and internal sprouting. MH reduced, and TCNB had no effect on, internal sprouting.

Summary In the muscles of 150 extremities of Wistar rats (weight 200 to 240 g) ischaemia was produced by a rubber tourniquet and post-ischaemic recovery allowed after the circulation was released. The animals were kept in ether-Inaktin anaesthesia at a constant room temperature of 28° C. The blood temperature fell insignificantly while the temperature of the ischaemic limb was distinctly lowered and approached the environmental temperature after 5 h. Blood pressure and pulse were recorded continuously. In controls ATP was found to be 6.3, with low ADP and AMP, PKR 17.3 and glycogen 42.87 µmol/g Fg, in the range of known normal values. In ischaemia, in agreement with findings in other organs, ATP falls to 12% after 3 h PKR after 1 h is 2.4% and after 2 h barely demonstrable. Capacity of recovery is clearly dependant on the ischaemia. There is still a definite capacity of resynthesis after 3 h. For instance, ATP after 2 h ischaemia and 2 h recovery rises again to ca. 86% of the control value. After 3 h the capacity of rapid recovery is definitely impaired. In contrast to the recovery after 2 h ischaemia, no normal PKR values are reached after 3 h ischaemia. Glycogen is completely broken down during anaerobiosis and can be resynthesized after 2 h ischaemia and 2 h recovery. The capacity of recovery after 4 and 5 h ischaemia is at present being investigated in long-period experiments. Results obtained so far suggest that for sufficient postischaemic recovery the limit of complete ischaemia is between 3 and 4 h.

Data from the Mariner IV dust-particle experiment reveal an increase by a factor of 5 in the flux of interplanetary dust particles as the heliocentric distance from the sun increases. There is a variation in the slope of the cumulative flux-mass distribution, with the steepest slope for the distribution occurring between the planets. No enhancement of the flux in the vicinity of Mars was detected.