Search

The article presents the results of studying the dynamics of changes in the porosity of two-component briquettes and pellets depending on the size of particles and the proportions of components in the mixture using an optimized packing of spheres. Knowing the patterns of change in the porosity allows to optimize the strength of the briquette and pellets as well as to improve their behavior in the reduction processes in blast furnaces, steel making furnaces and in direct reduction reactors. A computation experiment based on heuristic simulation model was designed to study the change of the estimated porosity under increasing/substituting the number of larger spherical particles in the mixture of spheres. The results obtained made it possible for the first time to reveal the extreme nature of the change in the porosity of the briquette/pellet with the addition of larger particles, depending on the fractional composition of the briquette. The results obtained open up new opportunities for optimizing the placement of fine-grained materials in the charge of metallurgical furnaces.

Hens were immunized with partially purified Sendai virus that had been grown on chicken embryos. The titres of specific antibodies to Sendai virus varied from log213.0 to 15.5 during the 4 months after immunization and the immunoglobulin Y (IgY) concentration varied from 2 to 10 mg per ml of egg yolk. A method has been developed employing dextran blue to isolate IgY from the egg yolk. The dextran blue method was compared with two other methods (poly(ethylene glycol) and chloroform) in terms of yield, total protein content, IgY concentration, specific activity of IgY and SDS-PAGE analysis. The specific activity and the IgY content obtained by these three methods proved to be identical, in the range log212.9–14.1, and 4.6–12.8 mg/egg, respectively. However, the total protein content when purified by chloroform was 2-fold to 4-fold higher than that of the others. The analysis of IgY by SDS-PAGE demonstrated that IgY purified with dextran blue contained three major protein components with molecular weights of 34.7 kDa, 41 kDa and 66 kDa and one minor protein of 45 kDa. IgY that was extracted with chloroform contained two major proteins of 45.7 kDa and 75.2 kDa and that extracted with PEG-6000 contained only one major protein of 66 kDa. The IgY obtained by these latter methods also contained several minor proteins in the range 41–80 kDa.

Glucose hydrogenation has been studied in weakly alkaline water-ethanol media over 5% Ru/Al2O3. The solvent is shown to affect the activity and selectivity.

Phenylacetylene hydrogenation has been studied on a 5% Pt/C catalyst under hydrogen pressure in 0.1 N H2SO4. It is shown that the reaction order is −1 with respect to the hydrogenated compound.

Kinetic and potentiometric curves of phenylacetylene hydrogenation on a 5% Pt/C catalyst in ethanol under hydrogen pressure have been studied. On the basis of chromatographic data a possible scheme of the process is suggested.

Studies of glucose hydrogenation on Raney nickel in aqueous isopropanol solutions indicate a complicated correlation between the solvent composition and the kinetic and potentiometric characteristics of the process.

The liquid phase hydrogenation of maleic acid on a 5% Pt/C-catalyst under hydrogen pressure with catalyst potential measurements in acidic, neutral and alkaline media has been studied. The analysis of kinetic and potentiometric data permits the conclusion that hydrogenation is controlled by hydrogen activation.