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The treatment options for patients with primary cutaneous B- and T-cell lymphomas are as diverse as the diseases themselves, including both skin-directed and systemic therapies. Long-term remission can be attained in many cases; however, no treatment is curative with the possible exception of allogeneic stem cell transplant. Improved insight into the molecular biology and pathophysiology of these diseases has led to the development of novel drugs and targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies and antimetabolites, as well as improved radiotherapeutic techniques. We aim to summarize these new and emerging treatment modalities, and to outline how they may be integrated into the clinical management of patients with primary cutaneous lymphoma (CL).

The present review aims at giving a condensed view on the current status of therapy of atopic eczema - a common chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disease. Atopic eczema is a multifactorial disease with a tendency for chronification. Owing to the associated genetic factors, therapeutic amelioration of skin symptoms is often only transient. Therefore, treatment basically focuses on symptomatic relief. Atopic eczema treatment should more than any other disease be guided by an individualized approach taking not only the phenotype and genotype of the disease but also psychosocial and gender aspects into account. Significant gains have been made in our understanding of atopic eczema, especially recent insights into genetic and immunologic mechanisms, but still, there is no single treatment to date that has proven to be the quantum leap for atopic patients. Novel treatments have been developed and trialled, however, more studies on novel therapies such as biologicals addressing efficacy, optimum dose and duration of treatment and the target phenotype are urgently needed. Hopefully, the tremendous progress in basic research in the last years will provide new targets for prevention and treatment in the future.

Atopic eczema is a common inflammatory skin disease showing chronically relapsing eczema and high association with elevated serum IgE levels. A subgroup of atopic eczema patients requires systemic immunomodulatory treatment for long time periods. However, beyond cyclosporine A and azathioprine, only limited consent exists on systemic treatment options.

Weichenthal: Cephalon GmbH: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; TEVA GmbH: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Goldinger:Cephalon: Travel costs Other; TEVA: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Wehkamp:TEVA GmbH: Travel costs Other. Beyer:TEVA GmbH: Honoraria, Research Funding; Cephalon GmbH: Honoraria, Research Funding. Stein:Cephalon: Travel costs Other; TEVA: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Tsianakas:Cephalon: Travel costs Other; TEVA: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Koch:Cephalon: Travel costs Other. Yazdi:Cephalon: Travel costs Other; TEVA: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Wobser:Cephalon: Travel costs Other; TEVA: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Frambach:Cephalon: Travel costs Other; TEVA: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Dippel:Cephalon GmbH: Honoraria, Travel costs Other; TEVA GmbH: Honoraria, Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Geißler:Cephalon GmbH: Travel costs Other; TEVA GmbH: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Loquai:TEVA GmbH: Travel costs Other. Kurschat:Cephalon: Travel costs Other; TEVA GmbH: Honoraria, Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Pföhler:Cephalon: Travel costs Other. Hartmann:Cephalon GmbH: Travel costs Other; TEVA GmbH: Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Coors:Cephalon GmbH: Travel costs Other; TEVA GmbH: Honoraria, Travel costs, Travel costs Other. Hallermann:TEVA GmbH: Travel costs Other. Mohr:TEVA: Honoraria, Travel costs Other. Hillen:TEVA: Travel costs Other. Belloni:Cephalon GmbH: Travel costs Other. Mitteldorf:Cephalon: Travel costs Other. Assaf:TEVA: Honoraria, Research Funding, Travel costs Other. Klemke:TEVA GmbH: Consultancy, Honoraria; Cephalon GmbH: Honoraria. Becker:Cephalon GmbH: Honoraria, Research Funding; TEVA GmbH: Honoraria. Dummer:Cephalon GmbH: Honoraria, Research Funding; TEVA GmbH: Honoraria. Nicolay:TEVA: Travel costs Other.