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Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) arises when hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) acquire mutations, most frequently in the DNMT3Aand TET2genes, conferring a competitive advantage through mechanisms that remain unclear. To gain insight into how CH mutations enable gradual clonal expansion, we used single-cell multi-omics with high-fidelity genotyping on human CH bone marrow (BM) samples. Most of the selective advantage of mutant cells occurs within HSCs. DNMT3A- and TET2-mutant clones expand further in early progenitors, while TET2mutations accelerate myeloid maturation in a dose-dependent manner. Unexpectedly, both mutant and non-mutant HSCs from CH samples are enriched for inflammatory and aging transcriptomic signatures, compared with HSCs from non-CH samples, revealing a non-cell-autonomous effect. However, DNMT3A- and TET2-mutant HSCs have an attenuated inflammatory response relative to wild-type HSCs within the same sample. Our data support a model whereby CH clones are gradually selected because they are resistant to the deleterious impact of inflammation and aging.

Table of Contents Abstract Conclusion References Abstract Modern medical private practice is facing unprecedented trials due to major macro-environmental challenges occurring during recent years. Survival and viability of these practices [...]

Companies are increasingly embracing the use of social media in global online communities as an important part of their business strategies. Use of social media enables organizations to extend their reach and engage with customers in a shared community. These provide forums for interacting with customers and collecting information so that companies can better make informed decisions that directly relate to customer needs. However, effective use of social media requires matching both organizational and user requirements with the features of the social media. To support the development of successful social communities, this research uses Hofstede’s dimensions to examine the impact of user’s national culture on social media feature preference in a global international scuba diving online community. Specifically, this paper focuses on the Hofstede’s Individualism and Collectivism (IC) dimension which the study found is a significant determinant of feature preferences.

This empirical study was designed to examine the relationship of the personal spirituality beliefs of servant leaders to their actual behavior as servant leaders. For purposes of the study the Spiritual Assessment Scale was used to measure spirituality beliefs while the leadership portion of the Servant Organizational Leadership Assessment inventory was used to measure servant leadership behavior. The research subjects for the study were 62 managers and 97 subordinates who were employed by TD Industries in Dallas, Texas; an organization that purports to use servant leadership philosophy. The research results revealed that the more managers were perceived as servant leaders the more likely they were to have both stronger spirituality beliefs particularly in those related to moral philosophies that emphasize the virtues of honesty, humility, and service to others. Additionally, an ANOVA and post hoc pairwise multiple comparison indicated a difference in perception of servant leadership behavior due to years spent studying servant leadership principles and years employed at TD Industries.