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The paper analyzes the change in accessibility of transportation services according to the methodology developed by the author. Two blocks are included in the review. The first block characterizes the change in the physical accessibility of transport. The indices obtained for individual modes of transport are normalized and aggregated taking into account the weights of various types of transport in the process of passenger transportation, which allowed us to analyze the dynamics of the overall index of changes in the physical accessibility of transport services. The second block characterizes the change in the economic accessibility of transport. The change in the purchasing power of per capita incomes of the population in relation to the tariffs for various types of passenger traffic is estimated. The methodology was tested on the basis of statistical data in the context of subjects of the Russian Federation in the Far East for the period 1990-2015 (according to the available indicators). The results of the calculations make it possible to trace the change in the state policy over the Eastern regions of Russia (regarding the development of the transport infrastructure) in different years, as well as the changing priorities of the transport policy in the context of administrative subjects of the Russian Federation.

The influence of level of the transport infrastructure development on the economic growth of the territory is proved both in the theoretical and practical applied works. The New Economic Geography postulates which fixed the nonlinear connection between the change in transport parameters (transportation costs) and the change in the scale of the economy (dynamics of economy structure, location of production facilities) were one of the latest. The impact of transport on economic development in terms of assessing the permeability of borders is studied in this article. A hypothesis that the presence of a branched transport network that ensures high permeability of borders and openness of the economy for interactions positively influences the economic development of the region is being tested. Internal and external indexes for the Far East of Russia are estimated. Internal index is estimate the permeability of borders between the administrative subjects of the Russian Far East. External index is estimate the permeability of Russian-China border. The permeability of the boundaries is estimated according to: 1) the generally accepted method and 2) the adjusted index proposed by the author. The proposed indicator takes into account a wider range of transport interactions and is calculated using modified weighting factors for individual modes of transport. The classical and adjusted permeability indexes for the Far East are calculated. As a result, one can draw a conclusion about the weak permeability of borders for most administrative subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District. The relatively low transport penetration of the region's external borders is revealed when interacting with China. The results show a high potential for growth in foreign economic interactions for the Russian Far East (for example, cooperation in the frame of the "One Belt and One Road" Initiative) and the importance of upgrading the system of checkpoints across the state border with China.