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ABSTRACTAs a strategy for survival from the COVID-19 pandemic, festivals and events have been conducted virtually to provide this form of leisure from home. Replicating transformative outcomes such as social interaction, community building, and fostering of culture in a virtual setting is essential, particularly for traditionally underrepresented communities. Often considered transgressive to broader normative society, LGBT2Q+ festivals offer leisure experiences that provide a platform for history makers, storytellers, and community gathering. Given the unprecedented shift to virtual festivals, it is important to understand whether a virtual platform can achieve these same outcomes for LGBT2Q+ people. The current research examined the attendees and outcomes at the in-personVancouver Queer Film Festival (VQFF) in August 2019 (n = 362) and the virtualVQFF in August 2020 (n = 211). An analysis of socio-cultural impacts of VQFF on the local community and resident attendees’ expectations showed similarities and differences between the in-person and virtual versions of VQFF.

The number of craft breweries in British Columbia has grown significantly in recent years, numbering over 140 in 2017. Very little is known about the effects of the craft brewery industry in British Columbia, specifically as it relates to impacts not related to brewery revenue and job creation. Beyond British Columbia, the craft beer industry has not empirically examined nonrevenue impacts in a manner that reflects the global growth of the sector. Tourism experiences, such as those offered by craft breweries, are becoming increasingly important for resilience and sustainable growth and success of destinations. The goal of this research was to determine who visitors to craft breweries are, how tourist and resident patrons differ, and what effects craft breweries have on tourists who visit breweries. A 55-item survey was distributed at 11 craft breweries in three regions in British Columbia during the summer of 2017. Results found differences between tourist and resident patrons in selfimage congruency, age, and travel party size, but no difference in gender, education, or household income. From a tourism standpoint, it was found that memories have a significant, positive impact on loyalty regarding the brewery and the destination. For tourists, strong connections were found between social involvement and both authenticity and place attachment for those who were more socially involved in craft beer. Comparisons to previous research in the wine industry provide additional commentary. Implications for craft breweries, destinations, and future research in this area are discussed.

The relationship between economics and sustainability within the event industry is becoming increasingly important. Events with a reputation of not being sustainable (i.e., motorsport events) are chronically underserved in the literature. This research incorporated the revised New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) as a theoretical foundation to assess sustainability attitudes of motor racing event attendees at a series of major racing events in Monterey County, California (USA). The NEP assessment created the basis for examining relationships between sustainability attitudes and motorsport event patrons' characteristics including demographic information, tourist patrons' total trip spending, and per-day spending. Interestingly, patrons attending these traditionally nonenvironmentally sustainable events were found to have similar NEP scores to other event and nonevent research. Sustainability attitudes were not significantly different based on demographic variables, including age and income. However, an inverse relationship was found between environmental attitudes and spending. Tourist patrons with a less sustainable environmental worldview spent more per day and more per trip than those with a more sustainable environmental worldview. These surprising results provide a basis for industry and academic discourse within event management, sustainability, and marketing.

Profitability and competitiveness of the saltwater charter fishing industry is becoming more challenging in coastal communities. Adding value with non-consumptive experiences and targeting a broader range of marine tourists may enhance industry sustainability as well as broaden opportunities for public access to marine waters. This study explored industry beliefs about capabilities for implementing new or enhanced services as a means to understand capacity for adding non-consumptive value. Semi-structured interviews and a written self-assessment survey were administered to 43 charter operators licensed in coastal South Carolina, USA during the summer of 2012. Operators gave high ratings to their knowledge relevant to providing outreach on expanded topics, but were less confident about their marketing, networking (within the industry and with the tourism industry), and customer service skills. Consumer demand information was also desired.