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It was tried to find out how many radiographs are necessary to show instabilities of the ankle-joint with ruptures of the ligamentum talofibulare anterius alone (which is the most common ligamentous lesion) and in combination with other fibular ligaments. Therefore stress views of anatomical speciems of ankle-joints with previous artifically coused lesions were done. It was found that one lateral view with the talus stressed in subluxation and one a.p. view with stressed pes equinus and supination with slight internal rotation of the foot are enough in comparison with the other side.

This paper presents a follow-up of patients with Kienböck's disease up to 30 years after their first symptoms. Only the shortening of the radius and the grafting of the lunate with cancellous bone offers some kind of basic therapy. The intercarpal arthrodesis, the arthrodesis of the wrist and the operation named after Steinhäuser should only be considered in cases with severe deformation and disabling pain.

Among old injuries involving the cruciate ligaments elongation of the anterior cruciate ligament is found in 20%. Follow-up examinations revealed that the purse-string suture technique does not guarantee permanent tightness of the anterior cruciate ligament. In consideration of the unsatisfactory results obtained by the purse-string suture technique it is suggested to effect tightness of the anterior cruciate ligament by the transfer of its distal insertion. The technique is described.

Due to mass participation in certain sports combination injuries of the knee joint have greatly increased in number. To a certain extend injuries of the cruciate ligaments are typical. According to our own follow-up studies the immidiate suture of the ligaments leads to better results than late reconstructions which emphasises the early diagnosis of an injury to the cruciate ligaments. Old and new injuries to these ligaments present diagnostic problems. Therefore the mechanism of injury, the symptomatology, and both clinical and radiological possibilities for the diagnosis of damage to the cruciate ligaments are demonstrated.

Analysis of 100 knee joints showed, that the length of a semidetached part of the patellar ligament is only in 13% of sufficient length. A free transplant of the central third is suitable in 95% of the cases.

This is a report of 32 patients treated by plastic reconstruction of old anterior cruciate ligament ruptures by the Brückner procedure. Of 29 follow-ups, 14 were considered satisfactory, 3 only moderately and 12 not satisfactory. An analysis of causes for failures has been undertaken. Of importance seems to be the seriousness of the injury, the time interval until definitive operative reconstruction and the subsequent gonarthrosis due to pathological rolling and gliding motion of the knee joint. Another problem is the optimal length of the graft which is only in 13% of the cases sufficient to guarantee uninhibited motion by anchoring it at the anatomical origin and insertion of the anterior cruciate ligament. By removing the medial third of the patellar ligament a derangement of the pulling forces acting on the patella possibly occurs. The changes in pressure cause a higher pressure per area in the lateral femuropatellar joint compartment resulting in a radiologically visible local arthritis or subluxation of the patella. We conclude therefore that the Brückner procedure should be modified by using the middle third of the patellar ligament as a free graft.

A rolling and gliding motion takes place in the knee joint. With increasing flexion the initial rolling motion changes into a rotary-gliding motion at 20 to 30° within the joint. Is the anterior cruciate ligament missing, the insufficient stabilisation of the knee joint becomes apparent through a pathological rolling-gliding motion with weighted extension in the initial important flexion in the stance phase. Any operation for replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament has to take into account the exact origin and insertion of the anterior cruciate ligament, if abnormal gliding motion because of ligamentous laxity in middle flexion under weight bearing is to be avoided.

This paper describes a method of operative correction of the chronic instability of the ankle joint. The distal part of the tendon of the m. fibularis brevis is used for a tenodesis between os calcis and the distal end of the fibula. The active stabilization of the ankle joint through the m. fibularis brevis remains intact.

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the population worldwide. Patients with chronic kidney disease treated with kidney replacement therapy were no exception because they were considered highly vulnerable due to multiple comorbidities. The consequences of the physical, biological, and ecological system on the environment as a result of human activity represent a huge global health care danger. The purpose of this article is to identify strategies that improve environmental sustainability, improve prevention of COVID-19 infection in dialysis centers, and improve the environmental impact of hemodialysis centers. Key Words: Coronavirus, climate change, viral infection, environment, health care, hemodialysis., 1.3 contact hours Over the years, new viruses produce pandemics that cause disease and death around the world. The pandemic that we are currently experiencing is caused by COVID-19 from [...]

2016 SEP 22 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women's Health Weekly -- Researchers detail new data in Oncology - Breast Cancer. According to news reporting from [...]