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To describe trends in the surgical and medical retina fellowship match and applicant characteristics associated with matching in retina fellowship.

The association of periodontal disease with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases is well known, but not specifically with incident peripheral artery disease (PAD). Therefore, we studied the associations of periodontal disease with incident PAD in a population‐based setting. Among 9,793 participants (aged 53–75 years) without prevalent PAD, self‐reported history of periodontal disease was ascertained. Of these, 5,872 participants underwent full‐mouth examinations from which periodontal status was defined using the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention‐American Academy of Periodontology (CDC‐AAP) definition. We quantified the association of periodontal disease with incident PAD (defined by hospital admission diagnosis or procedures) using multivariable Cox regression models. During a median follow‐up of 20.1 years, 360 participants (3.6%) developed PAD. In models accounting for potential confounders including diabetes and smoking pack‐years, there was higher hazard of PAD in participants with self‐reported tooth loss because of periodontal disease (hazard ratio:1.54 [95% CI:1.20–1.98]), history of periodontal disease treatment (1.37 [1.05–1.80]), and periodontal disease diagnosis (1.38 [1.09–1.74]), compared to their respective counterparts. The clinical measure of periodontal disease (n = 5,872) was not significantly associated with incident PAD in the fully adjusted model (e.g., 1.53 [0.94–2.50] in CDC‐AAP‐defined severe periodontal disease versus no disease). We observed a modest association of self‐reported periodontal disease, especially when resulting in tooth loss, with incident PAD in the general population. Nonetheless, a larger study with the clinical measure of periodontal disease is warranted.

Objective: To investigate practice patterns and clinical outcomes in the repair of uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) in a real-world setting over a 10-year period. Methods: We compared preferences for scleral buckling (SB), pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), PPV/SB, or pneumatic retinopexy (PR) over time, and examined the 1-year single surgery anatomic success (SSAS) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at a tertiary academic institution from 2008–2018. Results: Eight hundred eight eyes had RRD repair between 2008–2011 (n= 240), 2012–2014 (n= 271), and 2015–2017 (n= 297). Compared to 2008–2011, PPV was preferred over SB in 2012–2014 (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.86–4.63) and 2015–2017 (OR: 5.94; 95% CI: 3.76–9.38), and over PPV/SB in 2012–2014 (OR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.65–4.56) and 2015–2017 (OR: 3.16; 95% CI: 31.96–5.12). PR was uncommonly utilized (<10%). Younger surgeons (graduating 2010–2017) favored PPV over SB when compared to older surgeons [graduating 1984–2000 (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.18–2.65) and 2001–2009 (OR 1.73; 95% CI: 1.14–2.65)], but similarly selected PPV vs. PPV/SB as their older counterparts (p> 0.05). Compared to PPV, SSAS was higher with SB (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.03–2.26) and PPV/SB (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.56–4.17). One-year BCVA was markedly improved compared to baseline only for eyes that achieved SSAS (p< 0.001). Conclusions: Over the past 10 years, PPV has become the favored approach to repair uncomplicated RRD and this appears to be driven by younger surgeons’ preferences. Given the superior long-term SSAS in SB and PPV/SB as compared to PPV, SB and PPV/SB should be more frequently considered when determining the appropriate repair strategy for uncomplicated RRD.

To determine the practice pattern for treating giant retinal tear (GRT) related detachments, and their anatomic and visual outcomes with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without scleral buckling (SB).