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The possibility of forming the misfit-strain-induced out-of-interface prismatic dislocation loops (PDLs) in axially inhomogeneous hybrid two-phase nanowires with a transverse interface is theoretically studied. It is shown that, due to the misfit stresses caused by the contact of two crystalline materials with different lattice parameters, the PDLs of certain radii can generate at certain distances from the interface when the nanowire radius is larger than a critical value, which depends on the lattice misfit. The critical parameters of the relaxation process are calculated and discussed in detail.

Abstract: Meadow-chernozemic and dark chernozem-like meadow soils predominate on the Zeya-Bureya interfluve. The soil cover pattern of this interfluve is described in terms of elementary soil areas (ESAs) and soil combinations (SCs). The typification of elementary agricultural areas on the basis of major characteristics of the ESAs and SCs and the ways of their rational management are suggested. It is shown that most of the regional soils require phosphorus fertilizers and liming; agromeliorative and hydromeliorative drainage measures should be implemented on vast areas to improve soil productivity.

As the internationalization of universities has grown in importance, there is an increasing number of cooperative programs between U.S. universities and those in other countries. To have the most effective programs, it is important to have an understanding of the differences between the respective higher education systems. With the disintegration of the former Soviet Union there has been an increasing interest in collaborating with higher education institutions in Russia and other countries of the newly independent states. A comparison of U.S. agricultural higher education and that of Russia shows substantial differences in operation and educational philosophy. Since the higher education systems of the newly independent states were modeled after the Russian system, these comparisons provide a basic understanding of the agricultural higher education system in all of the newly independent states. The objectives of this paper are to (i) compare the structure of agricultural higher education in the USA and Russia, (ii) highlight the differences in the two systems, and (iii) identify aspects of each system that could strengthen each other. Although changes have occurred in the Russian system, additional changes might include: permit individual universities to set their own student/faculty ratios, determine student enrollment, charge tuition to all students, and grant them freedom to develop their own curricula.

Abstract:  Inheritance of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (LMW GS) and gliadins was studied in the segregating progeny from several crosses between common wheat genotypes. The occurrence of a few recombinants in the F2 grains of the cross Skorospelka Uluchshennaya�Kharkovskaya 6 could be accounted for by assuming that the short arm of chromosome 1D contains two tightly linked loci each coding for at least one gliadin plus one C-type LMW GS. These loci were found to recombine at a frequency of about 2%, and to be linked to the Glu-D3 locus coding for B-type LMW GS. Some proteins showing biochemical characteristics of D-type or C-type LMW GS were found to be encoded by the Gli-B1 and Gli-B2 loci, respectively. Strongly stained B-type LMW GS in cvs Skorospelka Uluchshennaya and Richelle were assigned to the Glu-B3 locus, but recombination between this locus and Gli-B1 was not found. Analogously, in the cross Bezostaya 1�Anda, no recombination was found between Gli-A1 and Glu-A3, suggesting the maximum genetic distance between these loci to be 0.97% (P=0.05). A B-type LMW GS in cv Kharkovskaya 6 was assigned to the Glu-B2 locus, with about 25% recombination from the Gli-B1 locus. The present results suggested that alleles at Gli loci may relate to dough quality and serve as genetic markers of certain LMW GS affecting breadmaking quality.

1.The authors have proposed macrokinetic equations for determining the yields of the main target products of cracking, and their formation selectivities, as functions of the degree of conversion of the feedstock.2.The yields of the individual catalytic cracking products must be determined in conjunction with solutions of macrokinetic equations of type (1), describing the progress of conversion under different cracking conditions.

In this paper, we consider the mechanism of misfit stress relaxation in lattice-mismatched core-shell nanowires (NWs) through the formation of a periodic array of misfit prismatic dislocation loops (PDLs). In doing so, we calculate and analyze the stress fields and strain energy of a PDL and the energy of pair elastic interaction between PDLs in an elastically isotropic cylinder with free surface. Based on these results, the critical parameters (misfit strain, ratio of core to shell radii) for the formation of a single misfit PDL and the equilibrium spacing of misfit PDLs in the periodic array of such PDLs in a core-shell NW are found. It is shown that this equilibrium spacing well corresponds to the experimental data available in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]