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In this article, I analyze instances of Ukrainian poetry written between Taras Ševčenko’s death and the establishment of modernism that deal with the theme of the precarity of Ukrainian literature as a consequence of the lack of a Ukrainian nation in those times. On the basis of examples drawn from the works of Pantelejmon Kuliš, Lesja Ukrajinka, Mychajlo Staryc’kyj, Borys Hrinčenko, Volodymyr Samijlenko, Volodymyr Šaškevyč, and Ivan Franko, I aim to show how Ukrainian poets of the second half of the 19thcentury tended to imagine the Ukrainian community as belonging to the past and/or the future, while its presence and its agency in the present are made impossible by imperial subjugation, hence making communication, including literary, impossible or powerless. In the final part of my article, I also reflect on the complex nexus between aesthetic judgment and the re-evaluation of Ukrainian literary history.

Purpose: This paper follows the call for more future-oriented practices within organisations, particularly in relation to how they respond to growing concerns about Earth’s sustainability and life on the Planet. This study aims to explore how the data produced by major scientific projects in the Space sector can support future-oriented accountability practices by enabling both a projection and an imagination of a more or less distant future, thereby feeding into accountability practices. Design/methodology/approach: We rely upon a multiple interpretative case study analysis and interview-based data from three main organisations in the Earth observation (EO) value chain: an International Space Company, a Research Centre of Energy Transition and a European Private Equity Firm. Findings: We find that future-oriented accountability practices can be fed by a creative assemblage of scientific data provided by Space sector’s programmes with different sources of knowledge and information. These data are embedded into a broader accountability system, connecting different actors through a “value chain”: from the data providers, gathering data from Space, to the primary users, working on data modelling and analysis, to the end users, such as local authorities, public and private organisations. The predictive data and expertise exchanged throughout the value chain feed into future-oriented accountability efforts across different time-space contexts, as a projected and imagined, more or less distant, future informs the actions and accounts in the present. Originality/value: This research extends the literature on the time dimension of accountability. We show how a creative assemblage of scientific data with different sources of knowledge and information –such as those provided by Space sector’s programmes and EO data – enable organisations to both project the present into (a more or less distant) future and imagine this future differently while taking responsibility, and accounting for, what could be done and desired in response to it. We also contribute to the limited literature on accountability in the Space sector by examining the intricate accountability dynamics underpinning the relationships among the different actors in the EO data value chain.

AbstractObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health across different groups, including healthcare workers (HWs). To date, few studies focused on potential positive aspects that may follow the exposure to the pandemic. We investigated the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Italian HWs and whether posttraumatic growth (PTG) dimensions affected the risk of suicidal ideation (SI) during the first COVID-19 wave.MethodsAn online self-report survey was conducted between April and May 2020. Sociodemographic data, information about COVID-19-related stressful events, Impact of the Event Scale-revised, and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form (PTGI-SF) scores were collected and compared between participants. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores were also collected to assess SI through item 9. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between PTGI and SI.ResultsAmong 948 HWs, 257 (27.0%) reported a provisional PTSD diagnosis. The median PTGI-SF score was 24. Participants reporting PTSD symptoms had higher scores in the Spiritual change, Appreciation of life, and New possibilitiesdomains, and in the total PTG scale. A total of 100 HWs (10.8%) screened positive for SI. Improvements in Relating to othersdomain of PTGI-SF (odds ratioOR: .46; 95% confidence interval: .25–.85) were associated with lower odds of SI.ConclusionsCOVID-19 pandemic has been indicated as a risk factor for SI, also among HWs. PTG may have a protective role on suicide risk. Improvements in Relating to othersdomain reduced odds of SI, consistently with the role of loneliness and lack of connectedness with others in enhancing suicidal risk.

Epigenetics studies changes in gene activity without changes in the DNA sequence. Methylation is an epigenetic mechanism important in many pathways, such as biotic and abiotic stresses, cell division, and reproduction. Eragrostis curvulais a grass species reproducing by apomixis, a clonal reproduction by seeds. This work employed the MCSeEd technique to identify deferentially methylated positions, regions, and genes in the CG, CHG, and CHH contexts in E. curvulagenotypes with similar genomic backgrounds but with different reproductive modes and ploidy levels. In this way, we focused the analysis on the cvs. Tanganyika INTA (4x, apomictic), Victoria (2x, sexual), and Bahiense (4x, apomictic). Victoria was obtained from the diploidization of Tanganyika INTA, while Bahiense was produced from the tetraploidization of Victoria. This study showed that polyploid/apomictic genotypes had more differentially methylated positions and regions than the diploid sexual ones. Interestingly, it was possible to observe fewer differentially methylated positions and regions in CG than in the other contexts, meaning CG methylation is conserved across the genotypes regardless of the ploidy level and reproductive mode. In the comparisons between sexual and apomictic genotypes, we identified differentially methylated genes involved in the reproductive pathways, specifically in meiosis, cell division, and fertilization. Another interesting observation was that several differentially methylated genes between the diploid and the original tetraploid genotype recovered their methylation status after tetraploidization, suggesting that methylation is an important mechanism involved in reproduction and ploidy changes.

ABSTRACTThis article analyzes representations of the body in Belarusian poetry linked to the 2020 protests. The author argues that the remarkable poetic productivity regarding corporeality, comparable to literary texts inspired by other upheavals, such as the French, Russian, and the most recent Ukrainian revolutions, is directed towards the depiction of a new Belarusian identity shaped by the 2020 revolt against Aliaksandr Lukashenka’s latest electoral fraud. On the basis of poetic texts by Iulia Tsimafeeva, Tatstsiana Svetashova, Al′herd Bakharevich, Artur Kamaroŭski, Dmitrii Strotsev, Dmitrii Rubin, and Krystsina Banduryna, the author proposes a reading of the different ways in which living Belarusian poets have represented Belarus, its rethinking of its own identity, and its political struggle through images pertaining to corporeality, including decay, the juxtaposition of masculinity and femininity, violence, and pregnancy. He also argues that in contemporary Belarusian poetry the thematization of the body is related to an important, ongoing, metaliterary reflection on the limits and possibilities of poetry writing in times of change, in the context of revitalized poetry dissemination in the digital age.

A 39 yo Caucasian woman, former smoker, with a previous history of gestational hypertension requiring therapy for several months, presented to the ED with persistent oppressive chest pain. No prior ischemic, constitutional or inflammatory symptoms emerged. Physical examination revealed a left carotid bruit and a continuous murmur at the base, Killip I. The ECG showed negative T waves in the inferior leads, the echo “point of care” normal systolic function, akinesia of the inferior wall, moderate aortic insufficiency, normal dimensions of the ascending aorta. HS T troponin rose to 188 ng/L and NT–proBNP 1621 pg/mL, CPR was normal. Coronary angiography revealed a tight subocclusive stenosis of the proximal right coronary artery trated by angioplasty with drug–eluting stent placement. In the ICU diminished pedal pulses were noticed, along with a significant discrepancy in blood pressure values between the four limbs (right upper 150/60 mmHg, left 140/60 mmHg, lower right 70/40 mmHg, left 60/40 mmHg). The echocardiogram showed normalized LV kinesis, moderate aortic insufficiency, normal dimensions of the ascending aorta and arch, flow acceleration at the isthmus (Vmax 4.6 m/s, Gmax 86 mmHg). CT angiography revealed thickening of the walls of the epiaortic vessels (with a non critical stenosis of the left carotid), of the thoracic and the abdominal aorta with complete occlusion of the subrenal segment and the inferior mesenteric artery (reconstituted by the Riolano artery and distal rectal arteries); the distal iliac arteries at the carrefour were separately reconstituted. 18F–FDG PET/CT confirmed diffuse hypercaptation along the ascending aorta, isthmus and proximal descending portion indicative of active vasculitis. Elevation of ESR 110 mm/h and CRP 21 mg/L was observed. The diagnosis of Takayasu‘s arteritis (TA) was estabilished and treatment with prednisone and methotrexate was started, resulting in the normalization of acute phase markers and clinical stability at 3 months. TA is a vasculitis that primarily involves the aorta and its main branches. The diagnosis can be challenging due to the heterogeneous clinical course and lack of specific laboratory markers. Diagnostic delay and persisting inflammation can lead to catastrophic consequences. Despite its rarity, TA can account for a notable proportion of young women with documented myocardial ischemia; hence, cardiologists must be sensitive to this pathology particularly in high–risk populations.

Purpose: The paper explores the process of construction of the “accountable self”, particularly as this process engages with the spirituality of the self. This study examines the “space of accountability” within which the accountable self constructs itself as such and investigates how different accounts of the self are drawn upon in the making of this space, both defining and transcending it. Design/methodology/approach: The paper relies upon archival material concerning accounting and accountability practices about the project for building the altar of St. Ignatius in the Church of Gesù, Rome, Italy (1691–1706). This study examines calculative and narrative accounts about the project from the perspective of the superintendent, who was the sole person accountable for the building works. Findings: Whereas calculative accounts enabled the self to account for actions within the specific space of accountability of the project, narrative accounts opened up this space, providing for a testimony of actions and a gift of accountability towards future indefinite others. This process was prompted by the spirituality of the self and the narcissistic gratification of fulfilling this spirituality. Originality/value: The paper adds to the literature on the accountable self and to theological perspectives into accountability. This study suggests exploring how different accounts of the self engage with each other through testimony, gift, narcissism and spirituality in the construction of the accountable self, providing for a “transcendent” space of accountability. This research also adds to studies on narrative accounts by showing that they are drawn upon alongside calculative accounts in the construction of the transcendent, accountable self.

Background: The correct extent of mesocolic dissection for right-sided colon cancer (RCC) is still under debate. Complete mesocolic excision (CME) has not gained wide diffusion, mainly due to its technical complexity and unclear oncological superiority. This study aims to evaluate oncological outcomes of CME compared with non-complete mesocolic excision (NCME) during resection for I–III stage RCC. Method: Prospectively collected data of patients who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2018 were retrospectively analysed. 1:1 Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics of CME and NCME patients. The primary endpoint of the study was local recurrence-free survival (LRFS). The two groups were also compared in terms of short-term outcomes, distant recurrence-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Results: Of the 444 patients included in the study, 292 were correctly matched after PSM, 146 in each group. The median follow-up was 45 months (IQR 33–63). Conversion rate, complications, and 90-day mortality were comparable in both groups. The median number of lymph nodes harvested was higher in CME patients (23 vs 19, p= 0.034). 3-year LRFS rates for CME patients was 100% and 95.6% for NCME (log-rank p= 0.028). At 3 years, there were no differences between the groups in terms of overall survival, distant recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival. Conclusion: Our PSM cohort study shows that CME is safe, provides a higher number of lymph nodes harvested, and is associated with better local recurrence-free survival.

As robotic surgery continues to disseminate into the field of colon and rectal surgery, there is a growing interest in the utilization of intracorporeal anastomosis to potentially improve surgical outcomes. The purpoe of this study was to compare feasibility, safety, and short-term outcomes of robotic sigmoid and low anterior resections performed with completely intracorporeal anastomosis (CICA) technique to the traditional extracorporeal assisted anastomosis (ECAA) technique. Consecutive series of patients who underwent elective robotic sigmoid or low anterior resections for benign or malignant disease utilizes either CICA or ECAA between August 2017 and November 2019. Surgical complications were assessed until 30 postoperative days and compared between the two groups. A total of 160 patients were identified; 73 (45.6%) in the CICA group and 87 (54.4%) in the ECAA group. Most of the procedures were performed for malignancy (76%). Estimated blood loss was lower in the CICA group (80.7 mL vs. 110.2 mL; p= 0.048), while operative times were longer (5.9 ± SD hours vs. 4.9 ± SD hours; p=  < 0.001). Overall conversion rate was 1.9%, with no conversions in the CICA group. Overall complications occurred in 54 patients (33.8%) with 13 (8.3%) representing major complications. There were no significant differences in 30 day outcomes between the two groups. This study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of robotic sigmoid and low anterior resections with CICA. Outcomes for robotic sigmoid and low anterior resections are encouraging regardless of anastomotic technique (CICA vs ECAA).

Despite its broad potential applications, substitution of carbon by transition metal atoms in graphene has so far been explored only to a limited extent. We report the realization of substitutional Mn doping of graphene to a record high atomic concentration of 0.5%, which was achieved using ultralow-energy ion implantation. By correlating the experimental data with the results of ab initio Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics calculations, we infer that direct substitution is the dominant mechanism of impurity incorporation. Thermal annealing in ultrahigh vacuum provides efficient removal of surface contaminants and additional implantation-induced disorder, resulting in Mn-doped graphene that, aside from the substitutional Mn impurities, is essentially as clean and defect-free as the as-grown layer. We further show that the Dirac character of graphene is preserved upon substitutional Mn doping, even in this high concentration regime, making this system ideal for studying the interaction between Dirac conduction electrons and localized magnetic moments. More generally, these results show that ultralow energy ion implantation can be used for controlled functionalization of graphene with substitutional transition-metal atoms, of relevance for a wide range of applications, from magnetism and spintronics to single-atom catalysis.

We report the incorporation of substitutional Mn atoms in high-quality, epitaxial graphene on Cu(111), using ultralow-energy ion implantation. We characterize in detail the atomic structure of substitutional Mn in a single carbon vacancy and quantify its concentration. In particular, we are able to determine the position of substitutional Mn atoms with respect to the Moiré superstructure (i.e., local graphene-Cu stacking symmetry) and to the carbon sublattice; in the out-of-plane direction, substitutional Mn atoms are found to be slightly displaced toward the Cu surface, that is, effectively underneath the graphene layer. Regarding electronic properties, we show that graphene doped with substitutional Mn to a concentration of the order of 0.04%, with negligible structural disorder (other than the Mn substitution), retains the Dirac-like band structure of pristine graphene on Cu(111), making it an ideal system in which to study the interplay between local magnetic moments and Dirac electrons. Our work also establishes that ultralow-energy ion implantation is suited for substitutional magnetic doping of graphene. Given the flexibility, reproducibility, and scalability inherent to ion implantation, our work creates numerous opportunities for research on magnetic functionalization of graphene and other two-dimensional materials.

Turano-Mongolian cattle are a group of taurine cattle from Northern and Eastern Asia with distinct morphological traits, which are known for their ability to tolerate harsh environments, such as the Asian steppe and the Tibetan plateau. Through the analysis of 170 mitogenomes from ten modern breeds, two sub-lineages within T3 (T3119and T3055) were identified as specific of Turano-Mongolian cattle. These two T3 sub-lineages, together with the previously identified T4, were also present in six Neolithic samples, dated to ~3900 years BP, which might represent the earliest domestic taurine stocks from Southwest Asia. The rare haplogroup Q, found in three Tibetan cattle, testifies for the legacy of ancient migrations from Southwest Asia and suggests that the isolated Tibetan Plateau preserved unique prehistoric genetic resources. These findings confirm the geographic substructure of Turano-Mongolian cattle breeds, which have been shaped by ancient migrations and geographic barriers.

The recruitment of endogenous antibodies against cancer cells has become a reliable antitumoral immunotherapeutic alternative over the last decade. The covalent attachment of antibody and tumor binding modules (ABM and TBM) within a single, well-defined synthetic molecule was indeed demonstrated to promote the formation of an interacting ternary complex between both the antibodies and the targeted cell, which usually results in the simultaneous immune-mediated cellular destruction. In a preliminary study, we have described the first Antibody Recruiting Glycodendrimers (ARGs), combining cRGD as ligands for the αVβ3-expressing melanoma cell line M21 and Rha as ligand for natural IgM, and demonstrated that multivalency is an essential requirement to form this complex. In the present study, we synthesized a new series of ARGs composed of ABMs, i.e.self-condensed rhamnosylated cyclopeptide and polylysine dendrimer, which have been conjugated to the TBM with or without spacer. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy experiments with human serum and different cell lines revealed that the ABM geometry significantly influences the ternary complex formation in M21, whereas no significant binding occurs in BT 549 having low integrin expression. In addition, we demonstrate with a cellular viability assay that ARGs induce high level of cytotoxicity against M21 which is also in close correlation with the ABM structure. In particular, we have shown that ARG combining cyclopeptide core and branches, with or without spacer, induce 40–57% of selective cytotoxicity against M21 cells in the presence of human serum as the unique source of immunity effectors. Finally, we also highlight that the spacer between ABM and TBM enables an increase of the immune-mediate cytotoxicity even with ABM of lower valency.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a framework to systematize the emerging literature on integrated thinking and offers empirical insights on how integrated thinking has been practiced within an organization. The paper also introduces the contributions that compose the special issue “exploring integrated thinking in action: theoretical interpretations and evidence from the field” and outlines avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach: The paper critically reviews the literature on integrated thinking and proposes a framework that classifies prior studies into three areas, namely, integrated thinking and sustainable strategies; integrating thinking in practice; the concept and measures of integrated thinking. The study also provides an illustration of the ways in which integrated thinking has been adopted by a European energy company to shape and execute its purpose-driven strategy, as well as the benefits that have emerged. The paper uses the framework developed from the literature to introduce the contributions of the special issue and to suggest future research opportunities. Findings: The study shows that while the literature on integrated thinking is still in its infancy, the evidence emerging from contemporary organizations supports empirical-driven research and stimulates a variety of theoretical and empirical contributions that will enable the academic debate to move forward. Originality/value: The theoretical and practical insights offered by this study, together with those provided by the papers of this Meditari Accountancy Research special issue, will foster future research on integrated thinking. In particular, the framework developed in this paper may be drawn upon by researchers to plan new research projects on integrated thinking and its adoption within organizations.

Purpose: This paper draws on the case of a multinational energy company to explore the role played by management control systems (MCSs) in enacting governance policies at the local (subsidiary) level. Design/methodology/approach: This research mobilizes the literature on governmentality to interpret MCSs as technologies of government that can be drawn upon to translate governance policies into practice. In particular, the authors discuss this process by interpreting “governance” as an epistemic object, that is an object that generates knowledge because of its inherent incompleteness and abstract nature. Findings: The paper shows how MCSs act as technical objects insofar they attract, bind and engage local subsidiary managers in the generation of knowledge about governance policies (i.e. the epistemic object) set at the global level, thereby enacting these policies locally. Practical implications: The findings have practical implications by showing how subsidiary managers engage with MCSs to translate and implement broader governance policies in their daily activities. Originality/value: This research contributes to the accounting literature on governmentality by showing the role of MCSs as technologies that enact governance at the local level through the process of knowledge generation that these technologies enable. Such knowledge is triggered by the engagement between different participating subjects, attracted by MCSs in the attempt to define governance in practice.

ABSTRACTThis article analyzes polyphonic memory in recent works by Serhii Zhadan and Marianna Kiianovs'ka, two leading contemporary Ukrainian writers. Before focusing on Zhadan and Kiianovs'ka, the author analyzes some excerpts from poems by other contemporary writers in which memory is thematized at the crossroads of individual and collective remembering. In his latest collections, Zhadan has shown a tendency to shape his poetic world around a lyrical subject keen to collect human voices and memories with the aim of preserving them from oblivion. Kiianovs'ka’s 2017 collection Babyn Iar: Holosamyconsists of memory fragments expressed by the various voices that constitute its collective subject, the victims of the 1941 Babyn Iar tragedy. In spite of the difference between these two models of poetic polyphony, the former conveyed through the mediation of a lyrical subject and the latter directly expressed by individual voices, the author here argues that Zhadan’s and Kiianovs'ka’s recent poetry successfully links the singularity of individual memory to the collective experience. He also argues that polyphonic poetic memory can be read as a strategy to overcome the opposition between the “populist” and “modernist” approaches to literature that has marked the self-perception of Ukrainian literature since the early twentieth century.

Membrane distillation (MD) is a desalination technology where the main driving force for production of water/distillate is the vapor pressure gradient across the membrane. This principle makes the water flux in MD theoretically a weak function of salinity. However, several pilot-scale experiments treating high salinity water (up to 220 g L−1NaCl) have reported a marked decline in water flux with increase in salinity, although this was not always reported in bench-scale experiments. In this paper, a literature review on bench- and pilot-scale MD studies conducted at high salinities is presented to highlight the reasons why salinity matters in MD. Increase in salinity results in a reduction in water vapor pressure and hence driving force across the membrane, which may even reverse the direction of water flux. The challenges in using bench-scale results and their implications in a scaled-up MD set-up are also reviewed. As pilot-scale systems are designed to be energy efficient, the transmembrane temperature differences are markedly smaller than bench-scale conditions and the operating temperature conditions to achieve forward water flux are heavily dependent on the salinity of the water being treated. This has implications on the energy requirements of an MD system as a minimum transmembrane temperature difference needs to be maintained at a given feed salinity for water production. This feature highlights the relationship between salinity and energy consumption in MD. The minimum transmembrane temperature difference to achieve non-zero water flux dictates the minimum energy requirements of an MD pilot-scale set-up treating high salinity water.

A 21–years old male patient presented to the emergency department complaining chest pain in the night. There was no family history of cardiovascular events; he did not have any known risk factors and denied drug abuse. Pathological history was positive for allergic asthma. On admission, he was paucisyntomatic. The physical examination was normal. Blood pressure was slightly elevated. The EKG showed sinus rhythm, ST segment elevation in high lateral leads and reciprocal ST depression in inferior leads. The echocardiogram showed anterolateral and mid–apical septal akinesia of the left ventricle with ejection fraction of 45%. The urgent coronary angiography showed suspected coronary artery dissection of the first diagonal branch with TIMI flow grade 2 and myocardial brigde of the middle segment of the left anterior descending artery (fig.1). An initial conservative management with beta–blockers, dual antiplatelet therapy, statin and ACE–inhibitors was adopted: the patient was asymptomatic and the EKG became normal during the coronary angiography. In addition the young age, the suspicion of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) and TIMI flow grade 2 in the culpit vessel provided support of conservative treatment. The hospital stay was unremarkable. Troponin T peak value was 1542 pg/ml (n.v. < 13 pg/ml). Thrombophilia screening showed mild hyperhomocysteinemia and homozygous MTHFR mutation. Autoimmunity screening was negative. The subsequent echocardiogram showed mid–distal hypokinesia of the anterolateral, inferolateral and anterior wall of the left ventricle with normal ejection fraction. The CT angiography of the cerebral and abdominal vessels was normal. The cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed a recent acute myocardial infarction of the mid–apical portions of the anterior and anterolateral wall and normal global contractile function of the left ventricle (fig. 2, 3). At 30 days follow up, the echocardiogram remained unchanged; the coronary AngioCT scan confirmed the dissection of the ostium and proximal section of the first diagonal branch; the cardiac MRI showed transmural fibrosis of the anterolateral wall with normal left ventricular ejection fraction. SCAD is an under–reported pathology. It can lead to acute coronary syndromes and life–threatening consequences. Diagnosis and treatment are still under debate. The presented clinical case, effectively treated with conservative therapy, represented a "challenge" in the acute phase.

Cochlear implant (CI) surgery is generally safe and associated with a limited number of complications, among which the extrusion of the receiver/stimulator (R/S) or the electrode misplacement and migration might require a CI re-implantation. The aim of this pilot study is to describe a new technique to firmly fix the R/S using the Mitek suture anchors system (Depuy Mitek Surgical Products, Inc. Raynham, Massachusetts). We tested two different models and in our experience, the web of suture created with this device can improve the stability of the bond of the R/S to the underlying curved bone surface. So, this system resulted in a less laborious manner keeping low the complication rate.

This work aims at showing the fundamental role that the integration of geomatic techniques and a specific multidisciplinary approach could have in the study, conservation and valorization of ancient buildings, by presenting some results of a research conducted in Pompeii, one of the most important city of the ancient world. The research, which is part of a wider project headed by the University of Padova (MACH -Multidisciplinary methodological Approaches to the knowledge, conservation and valorization of Cultural Heritage), aims at studying the Sarno Baths, an architectural complex located in the south-western part of Pompeii (RegioVIII, Insula2, house numbers from 17 to 21). The complex is composed by a set of buildings, the main of which is made of five floors. It leans against the southern rocky front of the city and has a façade which is about 15 m high and 40 m wide. Different research units of the University of Padua were involved in the project and different aspects were dealt with: survey and structural analysis, archaeological excavations, architectural analysis, study of frescoes and building materials. The Archaeological Superintendence of Pompeii has supervised all the phases of the project and has provided part of the data.

This article aims to problematize the well-rehearsed argument that the rise of the neoliberal tide has submerged alternative values and moral codes. In al-Wihdat, a Palestinian refugee camp in Jordan, neoliberal understandings of prosperity do not fully encompass vernacular notions of prosperity. Palestinian refugees value well-being not only on the basis of income but also in terms of the ethical and political qualities often entailed in “being poor.” However, if neoliberal desires tarnish the moral environment by bringing excessive individualism and anomy, poverty, too, can be detrimental to refugees’ well-being. Rather than simply being an unconditioned source of dignity and a superior moral stance, refugees recognize poverty as being a condition fraught with deeply ambivalent images and feelings. Refugees navigate this inconsistency through the conscious cultivation of what I describe as “connectivity” for the realization of full dignity and, ultimately, the pursuit of happiness.

Here, we describe a strategy for the rapid preparation of pure positional isomers of complex N-glycans to complement an existing array comprising a larger number of N-glycans and smaller glycan structures. The expanded array was then employed to study context-dependent binding of structural glycan fragments by monoclonal antibodies and C-type lectins. A partial enzymatic elongation of semiprotected core structures was combined with the protecting-group-aided separation of positional isomers by preparative HPLC. This methodology, which avoids the laborious chemical differentiation of antennae, was employed for the preparation of eight biantennary N-glycans with Galβ1,4GlcNAc (LN), GalNAcβ1,4GlcNAc (LDN), and GalNAcβ1,4[Fucα1,3]GlcNAc (LDNF) motifs presented on either one or both antennae. Screening of the binding specificities of three anti-LeXmonoclonal IgM antibodies raised against S. mansoniglycans and three C-type lectin receptors of the innate immune system, namely DC-SIGN, DC-SIGNR, and LSECtin, revealed a surprising context-dependent fine specificity for the recognition of the glycan motifs. Moreover, we observed a striking selection of one individual positional isomer over the other by the C-type lectins tested, underscoring the biological relevance of the structural context of glycan elements in molecular recognition.

Background: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation is increasingly recognised as a rescue therapy for refractory cardiac arrest, nevertheless data are scanty about its effects on neurologic and cardiac outcome. The aim of this study is to compare clinical outcome in patients with cardiac arrest of ischaemic origin (i.e. critical coronary plaque during angiography) and return of spontaneous circulation during conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation vs refractory cardiac arrest patients needing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Moreover, we tried to identify predictors of survival after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Methods: We enrolled 148 patients with ischaemic cardiac arrest admitted to our hospital from 2011–2015. We compared clinical characteristics, cardiac arrest features, neurological and echocardiographic data obtained after return of spontaneous circulation (within 24 h, 15 days and six months).Results: Patients in the extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation group (n=63, 43%) were younger (59±9 vs 63±8 year-old, p=0.02) with lower incidence of atherosclerosis risk factors than those with conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In the extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation group, left ventricular ejection fraction was lower than conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation at early echocardiography (19±16% vs 37±11 p<0.01). Survivors in both groups showed similar left ventricular ejection fraction 15 days and 4–6 months after cardiac arrest (46±8% vs 49±10, 47±11% vs 45±13%, pnot significant for both), despite a major extent and duration of cardiac ischaemia in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation patients. At multivariate analysis, the total cardiac arrest time was the only independent predictor of survival.Conclusions: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation patients are younger and have less comorbidities than conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but they have worse survival and lower early left ventricular ejection fraction. Survivors after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation have a neurological outcome and recovery of heart function comparable to subjects with return of spontaneous circulation. Total cardiac arrest time is the only predictor of survival after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in both groups.

While double ion populations, with a cold population originating from the solar wind and a hotter one from the magnetosphere, are frequently observed in the low‐latitude boundary layers at the Earth's magnetopause, similar double electron populations are observed less often. A preliminary study of magnetopause crossings characteristics was used to determine the typical locations and energy spectra of ion and electron populations near the magnetopause. Then, we set up an automated detection algorithm for identifying regions with concomitant double populations in both ion and electron energy spectra. The statistical study was carried out on 7 years of Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms particle data, to determine the interplanetary magnetic field conditions in the upstream solar wind for these double populations. The results suggest that such concomitant ion and electron double population boundary layers form preferentially in the subsolar region and under northward interplanetary magnetic field but with a significant BYcomponent. We interpret this finding as the result of reconnection of the same magnetosheath field line in both hemispheres with at least one end reconnecting in its hemisphere at lower latitude with a closed magnetospheric field line that already contains a hot electron source. Frequent observation of concomitant double electron and ion population in Earth's boundary layersStatistical analyses show that double populations in both ions and electrons occur mainly at dayside during northward IMF with a large ByResult of reconnection between a magnetosheath field line and a magnetospheric field lines already containing hot electrons

Genetic and archaeological data indicate that the initial Paleoindian settlers of South America followed two entry routes separated by the Andes and the Amazon rainforest. The interactions between these paths and their impact on the peopling of South America remain unclear. Analysis of genetic variation in the Peruvian Andes and regions located south of the Amazon River might provide clues on this issue. We analyzed mitochondrial DNA variation at different Andean locations and >360,000 autosomal SNPs from 28 Native American ethnic groups to evaluate different trans-Andean demographic scenarios. Our data reveal that the Peruvian Altiplano was an important enclave for early Paleoindian expansions and point to a genetic continuity in the Andes until recent times, which was only marginally affected by gene flow from the Amazonian lowlands. Genomic variation shows a good fit with the archaeological evidence, indicating that the genetic interactions between the descendants of the settlers that followed the Pacific and Atlantic routes were extremely limited.

Albumin polymeric Nanoparticles (NPs) have opened a great expectancy as for controlled drug delivery due to their therapeutic potency. Concomitantly biodegradable NPs technologies with target linked structures to pave the way of personalised medicine are becoming increasingly important in sight of a therapeutically effective research technology. This is particularly attractive for nanoparticle-based cancer delivery systems, based on the known limitations and efforts to overcome. This new group of gamma irradiated-NPs inherited both the protein delivery properties and robustness of polymer forming structures, and gamma irradiation techniques that leave clean, innocuous and biodegradable NPs. These protein NPs made of serum albumin are referred to SA NPs that possesses several characteristics making them especially attractive to be considered as a drug delivery system. This review focused on methodologies actually being used in the synthesis and characterisation of albumin NPs and different author's opinions on strategic ways to treat cancerous cell-lines with NPs. Utterly, challenges being overthrown by researchers are brought up to anneal an effective, all in one targeted albumin NPs to passed through in vitro and preclinical trials.

Although it is widely recognized that the ancestors of Native Americans (NAs) primarily came from Siberia, the link between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineage D4h3a (typical of NAs) and D4h3b (found so far only in East China and Thailand) raises the possibility that the ancestral sources for early NAs were more variegated than hypothesized. Here, we analyze 216 contemporary (including 106 newly sequenced) D4h mitogenomes and 39 previously reported ancient D4h data. The results reveal two radiation events of D4h in northern coastal China, one during the Last Glacial Maximum and the other within the last deglaciation, which facilitated the dispersals of D4h sub-branches to different areas including the Americas and the Japanese archipelago. The coastal distributions of the NA (D4h3a) and Japanese lineages (D4h1a and D4h2), in combination with the Paleolithic archaeological similarities among Northern China, the Americas, and Japan, lend support to the coastal dispersal scenario of early NAs.

A 55–years–old patient presents to emergency room with extensive anterior STEMI, complicated by acute pulmonary edema. The ECG showed sinusal tachycardia, Q waves in V1–V3, ST elevation >2mm V2–V6. The echocardiogram showed akinesia of the apex and anterolateral wall with severe reduction of contractile function (LVEF 30%). The patient was treated with CPAP, dual antiplatelet therapy and diuretics; the urgent coronary angiography showed three–vessel disease with occlusion of the proximal LAD, treated with PCI and two drug–eluting stents implantation. 48 after admission to ICU, the patient developed "combined" shock (IC↓ RVS↓ WP↑), sustained by both severe cardiac dysfunction and a septic complication, requiring inotropes and targeted antibiotic therapy (noradrenaline 0.02 gamma/Kg/min and piperacillin/tazobactam i.v). At 96 hours there was a recovery of contractile function and haemodynamics (CI from 1.8 to 2.7). Weaned from inotropes, he began therapy with low doses of ACE inhibitor, beta blocker, antialdosteronic. On the 7th day of hospitalization, without ischemic and/or electrolyte "triggers", the patient developed "arrhythmic storm" with incessant sustained ventricular tachycardias. Arrhythmias persisted despite antiarrhythmics (magnesium sulfate, amiodarone, lidocaine), IOT, sedation, mechanical ventilation. The temporary pacemaker for overdrive pacing was placed in. After placement of IABP, the patient underwent revascularization of residual coronary artery stenosis. Despite 1 hour of assistance (ABLS), incessant ventricular tachycardia persisted; a third–level center for VA–ECMO inside support was called. After positioning VA–ECMO there was progressive clinical stabilization and –concomitantly– a progressive reduction of ventricular tachycardias. ECMO support was needed for over 7 days due to persistence of arrhythmic storm; it was slowly weaned with stabilization of the patient; an AICD was implanted. Residual function of the left ventricle was mild reduced (LVEF40%) despite protracted CPR. There wasn’t residual cognitive impairment. Implementation of multidisciplinary teams in the spoke centers would improve protocols and early treatments in patients with cardiogenic shock; spoke centers would provide early access to life–saving therapies and safe transfer to hub centers.

In this paper a soft gripper is proposed and designed to achieve some of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) described by United Nations (UN) and in particular SDG3, SDG8, SDG 9 and SDG 12. In fact, the presented gripper is conceived for application in the waste industry for helping or partially replacing human operations which could lead to risks or hazards for human health. The device can artificially reproduce the action of human hands allowing a more sustainable work, focusing the attention on worker’s health. Also the design characteristics are oriented to sustainability by using eco-friendly materials. Furthermore, the device is an underactuated soft gripper with modular elements and without sensors. There are no electronic components, and the damageable and non-recyclable parts are minimized. After the description of gripper and mechanical analysis, three different configurations (wearable, with extension and mounted on a cobot) are presented where it is possible to notice that the ends of the gripper (the fingers) are far from the most delicate and less recyclable components such as the motor. Thus, thanks to the modularity of the fingers, it is easy to replace damaged fingers: they have a lower environmental impact than electronic components. In this way, the presented project falls in “the circular design for sustainability” in robotics.

Energy-dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy was applied, aimed at solving the problem of the structure and stability of a copper(II) lactate complex in alkaline solution, used as a precursor for the electrodeposition of Cu2O. The application of multiple scattering calculations to the simulation of the X-ray absorption near-edge structure part of the spectra allowed an accurate resolution of the structure: the copper(II) cation is surrounded by four lactate ions in a distorted tetrahedral environment, with the lactate anions acting as monodentate ligands. This results in an atomic arrangement where copper is surrounded by four oxygen atoms located at quite a short distance (ca. 1.87 Å) and four oxygen atoms located quite far apart (ca. 3.1–3.2 Å). The complex was finally found to be stable in a wide range of applied potentials.

Despite the astonishing values of the power conversion efficiency reached, in just less than a decade, by the carbon nanotube/silicon (CNT/Si) solar cells, many doubts remain on the underlying transport mechanisms across the CNT/Si heterojunction. Here, by combining transient optical spectroscopy in the femtosecond timescale, X-ray photoemission, and a systematic tracking of I–Vcurves across all phases of the interlayer SiOxgrowth at the interface, we grasp the mechanism that adequately preserves charge separation at the junction, hindering the photoexcited carrier recombination. Moreover, supported by ab initio calculations aimed to model the complex CNT–Si heterointerface, we show that oxygen-related states at the interface act as entrapping centers for the photoexcited electrons, thus preventing recombination with holes that can flow from Si to CNT across the SiOxlayer.

Land subsidence due to underground resources exploitation is a well-known problem that affects many cities in the world, especially the ones located along the coastal areas where the combined effect of subsidence and sea level rise increases the flooding risk. In this study, 25 years of land subsidence affecting the Municipality of Ravenna (Italy) are monitored using Advanced Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (A-DInSAR) techniques. In particular, the exploitation of the new Sentinel-1A SAR data allowed us to extend the monitoring period till 2016, giving a better understanding of the temporal evolution of the phenomenon in the area. Two statistical approaches are applied to fully exploit the informative potential of the A-DInSAR results in a fast and systematic way. Thanks to the applied analyses, we described the behavior of the subsidence during the monitored period along with the relationship between the occurrence of the displacement and its main driving factors.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has proved to be of great value in diagnosing and managing Sars-Cov-2infection. ALFABETO (ALL-FAster-BEtter-TOgether) is a tool created to support healthcare professionals in the triage, mainly in optimizing hospital admissions.

Anthocyanins are the main active compounds in blueberry. However, they have poor oxidation stability. If anthocyanins are encapsulated in protein nanoparticles, their oxidation resistance could be increased as a result of the slowing down of the oxidation process. This work describes the advantages of using a γ-irradiated bovine serum albumin nanoparticle bound to anthocyanins. The interaction was characterized biophysically, mainly by rheology. By computational calculation and simulation based on model nanoparticles, we estimated the number of molecules forming the albumin nanoparticles, which allowed us to infer the ratio of anthocyanin/nanoparticles. Measurements by UV–vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ potential, electron transmission microscopy, and rheology at room (25 °C) and physiological (37 °C) temperatures were performed. The spectroscopy measurements allowed identifying additional hydrophobic sites created during the irradiation process of the nanoparticle. On the basis of the rheological studies, it was observed that the BSA-NP trend is a Newtonian flow behavior type for all the temperatures selected, and there is a direct correlation between dynamic viscosity and temperature values. Furthermore, when anthocyanins are added, the system increases its resistance to the flow as reflected in the morphological changes observed by TEM, thus confirming the relationship between viscosity values and aggregate formation.

Light-driven water splitting is one of the most promising approaches for using solar energy in light of more sustainable development. In this paper, a highly efficient p-type copper(II) oxide photocathode is studied. The material, prepared by thermal treatment of CuI nanoparticles, is initially partially reduced upon working conditions and soon reaches a stable form. Upon visible-light illumination, the material yields a photocurrent of 1.3 mA cm–2at a potential of 0.2 V vs a reversible hydrogen electrode at mild pH under illumination by AM 1.5 G and retains 30% of its photoactivity after 6 h. This represents an unprecedented result for a nonprotected Cu oxide photocathode at neutral pH. The photocurrent efficiency as a function of the applied potential was determined using scanning electrochemical microscopy. The material was characterized in terms of photoelectrochemical features; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure, fixed-energy X-ray absorption voltammetry, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses were carried out on pristine and used samples, which were used to explain the photoelectrochemical behavior. The optical features of the oxide are evidenced by direct reflectance spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy, and Mott–Schottky analysis at different pH values explains the exceptional activity at neutral pH.

In the unlikely event of a nuclear power plant long duration station black-out, as in the Fukushima Daiichi (1F) severe accident (SA), it was recognized that the suppression chamber (S/C) functions of heat sink and fission product (FP) scrubbing will degrade, resulting in the S/C pressure increase, reduction of the scrubbing efficiency and subsequent necessity of venting operations. Consequently, a relatively large amount of FPs, in particular highly volatile elements (e.g. CH3I), is likely to be dispersed into the environment. As a method to evaluate the degradation of the pool characteristics under discharge of steam and non-condensable gases through vent pipes and steam through different quencher geometries of make-up systems, an experimental campaign was recently started at the SIET research laboratory in Italy. Two different quencher geometries, representing vent pipes and the reactor core isolation cooling (RCIC) exhaust pipes in 1F2 and 1F3, were adopted. Several combinations of steam and air mass flow rates were tested to scale down the main conditions occurred during the 1F SA. Measurements of pool water temperature in different locations and visualization with high-speed camera represent the main outcome of the experimental activity. The preliminary results have demonstrated that a relatively small concentration of air in the steam flow is able to suppress the occurrence of chugging of the steam, with reduced mixing in the pool. Both RCIC quenchers adopted induced large chugging at the bottom of the pool which are effective to avoid temperature stratification, thanks to the large water recirculation and vertical mixing within the pool. At decreased subcooling, mixing in the pool ceases and the quenchers with holes disposed in the vertical direction, as in the RCIC exhaust pipe of the 1F unit 3, introduce intense stratification that drastically reduces the condensation efficiency of the S/C pool. Quencher of 1F2 RCIC does not present stratification possibly dependent on the distance of the pipe outlet to the pool floor. Given the reduced size of the pool compared to the plant scale, the observed phenomena should not be extrapolated for the whole S/C. The objective of the ongoing experimental activity is to construct a database based on the high-speed filming, measurements of major quantities such as water temperature, steam pressure and FPs concentration to foster the development of physical models for both lumped parameter SA codes and detailed computational fluid dynamics software, in an effort to enhance the understanding of the complex phenomena following the 1F accident.