Search

Conventional open repair of a traumatic aortic isthmic rupture is associated with a significantly high mortality and morbidity rates. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is currently often performed because it is a less invasive treatment than surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate short and mid-term results of TEVAR in traumatic aortic isthmic rupture.

Graphical Abstract:

The study was conducted to evaluate the potential application of nanocapsules and nanospheres as topical drug delivery systems for indomethacin (as model drug). Both were prepared by nanoprecipitation using poly (ɛ-caprolactone) and hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin polymers and evaluated for morphology, particle size, zeta potential, EE% and in vitrodrug release then incorporated in methylcellulose and Carbopol 940 gel bases and evaluated for in vitrorelease. The selected formulations and market product were evaluated for ex vivohuman skin permeation and anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities by paw edema and hot plate methods respectively. Results showed that nanocapsules had slight higher EE% and larger particle sizes than nanospheres. In vitrorelease and zeta potential were nearly similar. Methylcellulose exhibited higher in vitrorelease than Carbopol 940 after 3h (except NS2). Ex vivoskin permeation studies showed significant higher cumulative amount of IND (and flux) from NC1/MC and NS1/MC (1573.06±14.23µg/cm2and 1452.24±23.18µg/cm2respectively) than market product. They also showed enhancement ratio and permeability coefficient rate of ∼1.5 and ∼2 respectively. NC1/MC proved to be significantly higher pharmacodynamic effects than market product. All results showed that NC1/MC could provide a promising formula as a topical delivery of indomethacin.

In this paper, we study some of new types of continuous functions called soft b*−continuousfunctions and define soft b*−irresoluteand discussed their relations with existing soft continuous and other weaker forms of soft continuous functions and some related properties are discussed. Also, we study soft b*−irresoluteand soft b*−openmapand b*−closedmapand the relationships between them are discuss. We hope that the findings in this work will help researcher enhance and promote the further study on soft topological spaces to carry out a general framework for their applications in separation axioms, connectedness.

The objective was to enhance the dissolution rate and anti-fungal activity of fluconazole. Mixtures of fluconazole with menthol were subjected to ethanol aided kneading. The developed solids were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction in addition to monitoring fluconazole dissolution. These investigations reflected formation of eutectic mixture. Eutexia was associated with enhancement in fluconazole dissolution. Formulation containing fluconazole with menthol at 1:1 M ratio was prepared as oral dispersible tablet which exhibited flash disintegration with subsequent fast dissolution of fluconazole. Mice oral candida model was used to assess the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of the developed menthol-containing tablet. Candida infection was achieved by swabbing the tongue and oral cavity of immunocompromised mouse using small cotton buds impregnated with candida suspension. Prophylactic protocol started 2.5 h post infection and treatment protocol started 3 days post infection. Macroscopic observation of infected untreated mice revealed white patches covering parts of the tongue with CFU values in the range of 110–4.6 × 106 CFU/ml. Disease progression in case of menthol containing tablet was much smaller compared to fluconazole tablet. The study introduced menthol containing tablet for fast liberation and improved anti-candida activity of fluconazole.

In this article, we introduce types of foldings in chaotic special types of space time. The effect of the foldings on the pure chaotic special space time is obtained. The limits of the foldings of special space time are achieved. The folding restricted on the charge and the mass are presented. The variations of the dimension of non-Riemannian chaotic manifold under the limit of folding are deduced. Types of the fractal foldings of the chaotic special space time are presented. Some applications concerning these relations are presented.

Background: Left ventricular (LV) electromechanical delay results in asynchronized contraction. However, it is not known if the presence of cardiac diseases without QRS prolongation may result in interventricular or intraventricular asynchrony. Doppler tissue imaging is now established for detecting regional contractile abnormalities and asynchrony in the LV. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the degree of LV asynchrony after the first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with a narrow QRS complex using Doppler tissue imaging and correlate this with the site and extent of the infarction. Methods: Echocardiography with Doppler tissue imaging was performed within 1 week of AMI in 155 patients and compared with 50 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Regional myocardial velocities were assessed at the 4 mitral annular sites, and the corresponding systolic velocity (Sm), early diastolic velocity (Em), time to peak Sm (Ts), and time to peak Em (Te) were measured. To assess LV synchronicity, SDs of Ts (Ts-SD) and Te (Te-SD) of all the 4 mitral annular sites were computed. Location and size of infarct were confirmed by echocardiographic wall-motion score index. Results: QRS complex duration was normal in all patients. Wall-motion score index was significantly higher in patients with anterior than inferior AMI (2.02 +/- 0.34 vs 1.24 +/- 0.21, P < .001). Ts-SD was significantly higher in patient than control group, and in patients with anterior than inferior AMI (38.21 +/- 2.59 vs 21.06 +/- 0.52 milliseconds and 43.18 +/- 3.77 vs 33.24 +/- 1.4 milliseconds, respectively, P < .001 for each), whereas Te-SD did not differ significantly among these groups (20.35 +/- 1.77 vs 18.17 +/- 1.14 milliseconds and 21.6 +/- 1.35 vs 19.1 +/- 1.11 milliseconds, respectively, P > .05 for each). A strong positive correlation was detected between LV systolic asynchrony (Ts-SD) and wall-motion score index (r = .77), LV mass (r = .67), LV end-systolic dimension (r = .65), and LV end-diastolic dimension (r = .5). The correlation was negative with LV ejection fraction (r = -.70) and Sm (r = -.6); the correlation was weak with Em (r = -.33) (P < .001 for all). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, infarct size was found to be the most independent predictor for systolic asynchrony (odds ratio 3.59, 95% confidence interval [1.43-9.33], P < .001). Conclusion: AMI has a significant impact on regional myocardial contractility and LV systolic (but not diastolic) synchronicity early in the course even in the absence of QRS widening or bundle branch block. The degree of LV systolic asynchrony is greater with anterior than inferior AMI and mainly determined by infarct size.

A phage-typing technique for salmonellae is described. One battery of phages was used to type three serotypes of Salmonella, namely, S. typhimurium, S.typhimuriumvar. copenhagen, and S. heidelberg. In all, 443 S. heidelbergcultures were typed into 22 phage types, 185 S. typhimuriumcultures into 35 phage type, and 92 S. typhimuriumvar. copenhagencultures into 26 phage types. The stability of the phage types was established by retyping 168 cultures belonging to all three serotypes. The epidemiological significance of the phage types demonstrated was evaluated by comparing phage types obtained from the University of Minnesota and those from the National Animal Disease Laboratory. Further investigation of the S. heidelbergphage types has shown that the cultures represented repeated isolates from the same birds or from a group of birds in the same flock.