Search

In today’s transportation networks, bridges play an essential role as conduits that allow efficient access to a variety of locations. These structures are still vulnerable to outside pressures, though, and doing so can result in serious harm, especially during seismic occurrences. In this research, we model and analyze reinforced concrete (RC) T-beam bridges with elastomeric bridge bearings in order to thoroughly assess the seismic behavior of bridge components. We build and examine several span bridge models with CSI Bridge Software, altering pier heights and bearing stiffnesses in a methodical manner. In this work, we evaluate an RC bridge’s seismic susceptibility by taking regionally variable ground motions into account. Fragility curves, which are crucial instruments for evaluating risk, are at the center of our research. The probability of failure is represented by these curves over the whole load spectrum. Typically, fragility curves plot estimated probabilities (such as deflection) against ground motion parameters, providing insights into the likelihood of exceeding specific deformation limits during seismic events. Our research aims to create accurate fragility curves, facilitating precise loss calculations for bridge structures. By employing artificial neural networks (ANNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM), this research addresses uncertainties associated with influencing factors. It has been discovered that the inputs and outputs of the ANN and LSTM models are, respectively, the influencing traits and fragility parameters of significant components.

In this work, we consider a full-duplex (FD) relay-assisted cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (FD-CNOMA) network and examine the physical layer secrecy (PLS) performance with multiple non-colluding eavesdroppers, considering residual self-interference (RSI) at the FD relay, residual hardware impairments (RHI) at the transceivers and imperfect successive interference cancellation conditions. Initially, we develop analytical equations for the secrecy outage probabilities (SOPs) of the downlink users and the system SOP (SSOP) of the FD-CNOMA network. It is observed that the users suffer notably higher SOPs and exhibit zero-diversity order, leading to an outage floor in the high transmit power regime. In order to enhance the PLS performance, we suggest a jamming-assisted (JA) framework and evaluate the SOPs and the SSOP through analytical and simulation studies. In comparison to the network without a jammer, the suggested JA framework greatly lowers the SSOP and the SOPs, while the diversity order is enhanced to unity, provided both RHI and RSI are negligible. We also develop a deep neural network (DNN) framework for accurate and fast prediction of SOPs and SSOP, that can overcome the limitations of the intricate mathematical modelling approach. For further improving the PLS performance, we determine optimal transmit powers for the users at the BS and at the relay that separately minimizes the SSOP of the JA-FD-CNOMA network. The findings indicate that, in comparison to equal/random power allocation approaches, the suggested approach leads to a significant reduction in SSOP and SOPs and a notable improvement in system secrecy throughput (SST) and secrecy energy efficiency (SEE).

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has huge amount of sensor nodes that randomly deployed in the interested region to monitor the environment. In WSN, the energy efficiency is considered as a challenging task during data transmission. The mahalanobis distance based cluster head selection is proposed to solve the issues related to the energy constraint. Next, ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol is used to find the optimal path between the source to base station via cluster heads. The performance of this mahalanobis method is analyzed in terms of energy consumption, throughput, packet loss ratio, End to End Delay (EED) and average delay ratio. The mahalanobis method is compared with Weighted Energy-efficient Clustering with Robust Routing (WECRR), improved Artificial Bee Colony (iABC), Adaptive Energy aware Cluster-based Routing (AECR), Evolutionary Multipath Energy-Efficient Routing (EMEER), K-means algorithm and Energy-aware Cluster-based Routing Protocol (ECRP). The energy consumption of the mahalanobis method is 0.641 J for 75 nodes, it is lesser than the existing methods.

We describe various non-matathetic reactions catalyzed by metathesis catalysts. These examples include: isomerization of olefins, dehydrogenative oxidation, dihydroxylation, allylic alcohol to methyl ketone conversion, dimerization, vinylation of acetylenes, hydrosilylation, Kharasch addition, cyclopropanation, cycloisomerization, hydrogenation, deprotection of N- or O-allyl groups, [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization, [3+2] and [4+2] cycloaddition reactions. These advances indicate that metathesis catalysts have potential to generate new strategies other than the metathesis based methodologies.

The potential of flavonoids to act as anti-tumor agents has been recognized but not fully understood because flavonoids are acting at several stages in cancer progression with distinct structure-function relationships. A whole family of structurally different flavonoids is herein described by reviewing some critical aspects of their pro-oxidant behavior in vitro/vivo and in cell systems by which they may work as antioxidants. Different classes of flavonoids (chalcones, flavones, isoflavones, flavanols, flavanones and anthocyanins) are synthetically mimicked using natural product structure-antioxidant activity relationships that are relevant for their enhanced function against cancer as well as severe inflammation conditions under which an increased oxidative stress is often implicated. In the context of the common mechanisms of flavonoid action, clinical data on benefits of flavonoids in fighting against cancer are discussed. A structural basis needed to improve antioxidant activity of these agents is elaborated in more detail.

In this study adsorption technique was used for the removal of antibiotic pollutants from wastewater. Cephalexin (CEX) was selected for the current study purpose as it is commonly used drug. Commercial activated carbon (AC) was used as the nano-adsorbent considering its high degree of porosity, availability, economic considerations, and environmental friendliness. Batch adsorption of cephalexin by commercially prepared activated carbon was used for the study. The parameters considered in the experiment include time, pH, concentration of adsorbent, adsorbate, and temperature of 298.15 K was maintained. It was found experimentally that with pH in acidic range (3-7), contact time of 1 hour, and 5mg per 20 ml dosage of adsorbent, the maximum removal efficiency of 87% was achieved. Isotherm and kinetic studies were carried out in this study. Keeping all these parameters constant, the method was tried out on stimulated hospital effluent and removal efficiency of 85% was obtained against cephalexin.

In this research work concrete cube has been prepared by doing partial replacement for cement using nano materials like Multi-Walled Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNTs), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and copper oxide (CuO) at different percentages like 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5%. Basic test has been done for materials and fresh concrete, followed by compressive strength test for concrete cubes. MWCNT gives more result compare to TiO2and CuO. Just to reduce cement usage, fly ash has been used by keeping the compressive strength and the amount of nano materials as constant up to 35% of MWCNTs, TiO2, and CuO, with fly ash replaced for cement to obtain the normal strength. Cost analysis has been done to find out the economic efficiency of nano material concrete cube due to which TiO2with fly ash cost 14.45Rs to prepare single cube, as MWCNTs and CuO with fly ash cost 726.4 and 17.64Rs to prepare single concrete cube. Almost TiO2cube preparation took 10% reduction for the preparation of concrete cube compare to normal concrete cube has taken 15.96Rs. So we concluded that TiO2with fly ash nano material concrete is the economical efficient concrete compared to MWCNTs and CuO with fly ash.

AbstractWe have studied the effect of living environment, occupation, and income in parents who gave birth to Down syndrome (DS) children. A significantly (p < 0.05) high frequency of parents of DS found to live in urban area. In ease of occupation and income no significant difference was observed. However, when the birth order and the income of the parents analyzed, significantly high number of first born found to be affected in low income group. Our present observations suggest that the living environment and economic status plays a important role in the non-disjunction of chromosome 21, as resulting in the birth of DS offsprings.

Calcium channel antagonists (CCAs) are commonly involved in drug overdoses. Standard approaches to the management of CCA overdoses, including fluid resuscitation, gut decontamination, administration of calcium, glucagon, and atropine, as well as supportive care, are often ineffective. We report on two patients who improved after addition of hyperinsulinemia-euglycemia (HIE) therapy. We conclude with a literature review on hyperinsulinemia-euglycemia therapy with an exploration of the physiology behind its potential use.