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Nile tilapia is known for its relative tolerance to some biotic and abiotic stressors. However, long-period water exchange may impair the health status and, thereby, the growth performance and feed utilization. In this regard, using herbal extracts may help to relieve the adverse impacts of low water quality on the productivity of this fish species. A 100-day feeding trial was designed to examine the effects of dietary supplements of Aloe veraleaves (AVE), and chamomile flowers, Matricaria chamomilla(CFE) extracts on water quality, growth performance, and well-being of Nile tilapia. Fish (3.95±0.05 g, n=1200) were distributed into five groups (15 fiberglass tanks, 2 m3) under a water exchange rate of 20% every two days for standard control (T0) without herbal supplements. Groups (T1, T2, T3, and T4) were exposed to a long water exchange period of 50% every month, wherein T1 (stressed control), T2, T3, and T4 groups were fed a diet supplemented with 0% herbal extract, 1% AVE, 1% CFE and 0.5% AVE +0.5% CFE, respectively. Results showed that feeding on a T2 diet exhibited a clear improvement under a long period of water exchange stress, and it is almost similar to their counterparts under normal conditions (T0) in terms of specific growth rate, survival rate, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio. Moreover, the lowest levels of aspartate aminotransferase were obtained with T2 and T0. In addition, the highest white blood cell count and hemoglobin values were recorded with group T0, followed by T2, and T4, while there was no significant difference between T3 and T1. Fish under stressed conditions without herbal extracts (T1) showed the lowest performance and survival rate compared to T0 and T2 groups. In conclusion, feeding diet supplied with 1% A. veraextract to stressed fish restored their performance and well-being to the level of their counterparts under normal conditions.

Confronter le sommeil avec la santé mentale et l’éco-anxiété.

National conferences on population and development have recommended the integration of population issues into development planning by national governments. This book presents several ideas of practitioners in the field of population and family life education. Five articles in Part I focus on solutions to problems of introducing population education into school programs. Population education as a "foreign" concept in Africa must be overcome for effective education to occur. The problems of personnel training, using innovative educational procedures, and the technologies of population education are discussed. Part II deals with the progress made in various African countries. In Sierra Leone, a curriculum in population education was integrated with social studies in secondary schools and secondary teacher colleges. Since the introduction of family life programs in the Republic of Seychelles, the rate of teenage pregnancies has decreased and venereal diseases are more controlled. The National Programme of Population Education in Somalia is now in its fourth year. The school programme is a resource unit for other agencies concerned with population education. The population program in Nigeria attempts to ensure inclusion of population concepts into secondary education curricula and textbooks. Programs available to individual countries from UNESCO and a summary of each country's programs are provided. Part III presents three sets of recommendations for development of population education programs in sub-Saharan Africa. (SM)

High feed prices and limited access to feed are two critical problems faced by fish producers. One approach that farmers may consider is using less expensive and locally available components. We conducted a 60-day feeding trial to investigate the consequences of the dietary addition of Hemicell® (HC) as exogenous β-mannanase and lavender flower meal (LFM) in low- protein diet (25 % CP) in Oreochromis niloticus. The investigation assessed growth, feed utilization, somatic, body composition and hemato-biochemical indices, and digestive enzyme activity. Fish (N = 180; average weight: 17.17 ± 0.72 g) were haphazardly organized into six groups in triplicates (10 fish/replicate) and stocked in 18 plastic tanks (60 L). For 60-days, fish groups were fed on six prepared experimental diets. The negative control group (NCG) and positive control group (PCG) were fed basal diets containing 30 % CP and 25 % CP, respectively. Groups (G1-G4) were fed on basal diets containing 25 % CP and supplemented with 0.25 g/kg HC, 0.5 g/kg HC, 0.25 g/kg HC+ 10 g/kg LFM, and 0.5 g/kg HC+ 10 g/kg LFM, respectively. The findings showed decreases in the growth, body composition (crude protein and lipids), and white blood cells count (WBCs) in PCG as compared with the control group (NCG); meanwhile, no significant alteration was recorded for other parameters. Dietary addition of HC alone or with LFM enhanced growth, feed utilization, digestive enzymes activity (trypsin, amylase, and lipase), serum total protein, and hematological indices (red blood cells count, WBCs, and Hb) as compared with PCG. The highest results were notable in G2. No marked impacts were observed on water quality parameters, fish survival, somatic index (hepato-somatic and visceral-somatic), and the level of cholesterol, glucose, and creatinine in fish serum by dietary HC or LFM. However, values of triglycerides, urea, hepatic enzymes (alanine and aminotransferases), and body crude lipids increased by supplementation of HC alone or with LFM. Our findings demonstrated that feeding O. niloticusa low-protein diet supplemented with HC (0.5 g/kg) could promote growth, digestive capability, and health status. This provides a platform for potential exogenous enzyme (HC) use in low-protein diets to reduce feed costs and support the aquaculture industry.

Confronter le sommeil des enfants avec celui de leurs parents.

An interview is presented with Toby Price, an Australian off-road motorcycle racer. Topics of the interview include his winning of the 2016 Dakar Rally held in South America, his views on the Dakar as the world's toughest sports and training required to be into the Dakar. It also offer his views on Matthias Walkner, Sam Sunderland and Antoine Meo as his main rivals in the championship.

Étudier l’impact du 2° confinement sur le sommeil des Français.

This study was carried out on sea bream (Sparus aurata) with initial fish weight of 1.9±0.1g to evaluate the effect of addition of basil (Ocimum basilicum), in different forms on; growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, biometric indices and some serum constituents. Four experimental diets were formulated; Diet 1: control diet (without basil, CTR); Diet 2: 2% dried basil leaves, (BL), Diet 3: 2% dried basil seeds, (BS) and Diet 4: 2% soaked and dried basil seeds, (BSS). Fish were fed experimental diets twice a day until visual apparent satiation, 7days a week for 84days. The results showed an improvement in fish growth and feed utilization indices when fed diets were supplemented either with BS or BSS respectively. Feeding of either BL or BS resulted in an enhancement in protein retention coinciding with depression in lipid content. Digestive enzyme (amylase and lipase) activities and serum total protein were elevated by the administration of basil in all forms to sea bream diet as compared to the control.

A significant advancement in the management of acute ischemic stroke has been the use of the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA). French guidelines recommend that stroke patients should be treated in stroke units (SU); however, community hospitals experience practical difficulties in treating their patients because SUs are not sufficient in number. Only one SU is available in the Aquitaine area (southwest of France) and it is located in Bordeaux. To improve quality of care and to provide modern stroke therapy, we decided to assess whether thrombolysis was feasible in our community hospital located in Pau, 200 km from Bordeaux.

Résumé Les auteurs présentent un cas de kyste épidermoïde, de situation inhabituelle (intra-sellaire) et de symptomatologie peu courante (troubles endocriniens sans manifestation ophtalmologique).

Étudier les habitudes de sommeil et les mettre en perspective avec les données des 20 dernières années.

The article describes the careers and friendship of author Lucy O'Brien and musician Rhoda Dakar in Great Britain. Both bonded over music, politics and bisexuality. It reiterates how they meet and became friends and convey how difficult it is to become a mother. They narrate their characteristics and outlook in their sexuality. One of them also admits that she suffered guilt for being a bisexual.

Notre travail vise à comprendre les mécanismes adaptatifs d’un rongeur Gerbillus tarabulià l’aridité de son biotope.

IT WASN'T UNTIL THIS MOMENT, THE SEC-ond I conceived this first sentence, that I began to feel the reality, the enormity of what I had done. Just a few months ago I quit my job in advertising. ''Job'' is a poor choice of word. I was president and creative director of the ad agency I had formed along with four other men and had spent 19 and 2/3 years building into a large, respected international company. I could have held onto my job by decree. For some time, though, something had been scratching at my insides. Some part of me giving the rest of me notice that all was not well. Some need was not being met. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Ion-pair chromatography on an octadecylsilane column (ODS-2, 10 µm) with an eluant containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide, and methanol is used for the isocratic separation of a wide variety of organic acids, including ascorbic, citric, and phenolcarbonic acid metabolic pathways. Photodiode-array detection and chromatographic software allow for rapid and precise identification and peak purity tests for the whole separation profile. Optimization of the eluant pH and composition is also included. The method provides excellent resolution and allows for quantitation of some acids at very low concentrations. Selected fresh fruits and vegetables are analyzed using this method.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues related to Middle East affairs, including a comment on a report about the criminal activities of Israel Defense Force soldiers in Hebron, an insight on the hatred for Jerusalem and a view on the control of Israel over the Palestinians.