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Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 is a complex enzyme that exists as a membrane-anchored cell surface peptidase that transmits intracellular signals via a short intracellular tail and as a second smaller soluble [...]

In the context of nonstandard claims about the remote past, the fields of religion and language are both highly significant but might superficially appear largely unconnected. However, there are a [...]

Type 1 diabetes is caused by some combination of multiple genetic and environmental factors that precipitate autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells of the pancreas. It is known that a [...], Both genetic and nongenetic factors contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. Many investigations, including prospective studies of high-risk children, have implicated virus infections as predisposing environmental agents. We previously reported that basal activity of the key antiviral enzyme 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2'5' AS) was significantly elevated in type 1 diabetic patients compared with healthy control subjects. Recently, we showed that an A/G splice site single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the OAS1 gene encoding 2'5' AS is strongly associated with basal 2'5' AS activity. Basal enzyme activity was highest in individuals with GG genotype and lowest in those with AA genotype. In the present study, we genotyped 835 type 1 diabetic and 401 healthy siblings at the OAS1 splice site polymorphism and (for comparison) at an AJC SNP of the insulin (IDDM2) locus. Results showed that OAS1 GG and GA were significantly increased in diabetic compared with healthy siblings (P = 0.0023). The strength of association was similar to that at IDDM2, where, as expected, the C/C (variable number tandem repeat class I homozygote) genotype was increased in affected compared with healthy siblings (P = 0.0025). The results suggest that host genetic response to virus infection could influence susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.

John V. Knapp and Kenneth Womack, eds. Reading the Family Dance: Family Systems Therapy and Literary Study. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 2003. 333 pp. $55.00 cloth. As the volume [...]

DURING MY FINAL YEAR in graduate school, I began teaching business communication. Without much forethought, I asked students to write a report with a sources requirement. When students turned their [...]

We report four cases of cerebral histoplasmosis and discuss features of six additional cases reported in the medical literature in the past 10 years, when azoles have been available for [...]

Background. Goodpasture's syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by pulmonary hemorrhage, glomerulonephritis, and antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies. Methods. Case reports of Goodpasture's syndrome between 1993 and 2000 were identified using [...]

Summary points * Resuscitation begins with the establishment of a patent airway and with aid for ineffective breathing * Important in airway management is the ability to provide adequate oxygenation [...]

2016 JUL 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Current study results on Proteins have been published. According to news reporting [...]

Employment interviews vary widely in specific form and content but essentially have three purposes: to select potential employees, to solicit potential employees, and to give potential employees information about the [...]

Introduction Novel immunotherapy combinations raise the prospect of improving both overall survival (OS) and quality-of-life outcomes for cancer patients. Immune checkpoint blockade targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1); its receptor, [...], Immune checkpoint inhibitors produce durable long-term survival in some patients with advanced melanoma and lung cancer. Better immune targets and combination strategies can harness the immune system by supporting the three elements of a successful T-cell antitumor response: (A) generation of sufficient numbers of antitumor T cells within the lymphoid compartment; (B) effective T-cell trafficking and extravasation out of the lymphoid compartment, through the bloodstream, and into the tumor microenvironment; and (C) T-cell effector function within the tumor microenvironment that is characterized by the ability to bypass immune checkpoints, soluble and metabolic inhibitory factors, and inhibitory cells. Strategies that hold promise include dual immune checkpoint blockade, as well as the combination of immune checkpoint blockade with costimulatory receptor agonists, enhancers of innate immunity, inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, adoptive T-cell transfer/T-cell engineering, therapeutic vaccines, small-molecule inhibitors, and radiation therapy. Novel, rational clinical trial designs seek to combine targeted agents and one or more immune checkpoint inhibitors, with the goal of producing deep and durable antitumor responses, which thus far have been observed in only a minority of patients.

Given family medicine's biopsychosocial model of patient care, family physicians frequently engage in counseling relationships with their patients. Such a relationship carries certain legal and ethical responsibilities that may have [...]

One of my hemodialysis patients--I'll call him Jack Pfeiffer--was recently admitted to the hospital for pneumonia. The day I was scheduled to dialyze him, I happened to be in his [...]

By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Stem Cell Week -- Current study results on Stem Cell Research have been published. According to news reporting originating in Vancouver, Canada, by [...]

Byline: Staff Writers London, UK (SPX) May 15, 2013, 2013 The Solanaceae, also called the potato or nightshade family, includes a wide range of flowering plants, some of which are [...]

Byline: Staff Writers Munich, Germany (SPX) May 07, 2012, 2012 In order to prevail against native plants, non-native plant species develop special strategies. These differ in part considerably from the [...]

Up Up, Down Down: Essays Cheston Knapp. Scribner, $25 (320p) ISBN 978-1-5011-6102-5 From the first page, Tin House editor Knapp's roundhouse, fullmouthed style takes a firmly tongue-in-cheek approach to the [...]

It is widely accepted that multiple exposures to an ad improve memory about a brand and that multiple executions avoid boredom and present different aspects of a brand. However, this [...]

Randomised controlled trials are not the only evidence EDITOR--Randomised controlled trials--the focus of evidence based medicine--will be given more momentum by the availability of Clinical Evidence on line.[1] The criteria [...]

A sample of 108 mental health counselors in four states was surveyed about their experiences and perceptions of the impact of managed care on their work with clients and the [...]

Jamie Doward reported in The Observer the possibility that NTL may be looking to float its business division in a bid to revive its flagging fortunes . According to Doward, […]

Evidence of significant advances in expectations, theory, and practice of counselor supervision is multifarious and replete (Bernard & Goodyear, 1998; Borders, Cashwell, & Rotter, 1995; Magnuson & Wilcoxon, 1998a, 1998b). [...]

FROM INGREDIENTS TO FINISHED PRODUCTS TO WAREHOUSE EQUIPMENT, NEW ideas and solutions serve as fuel to keep beverage-makers and distributors going. As industry events such as Pack Expo demonstrate, equipment [...]

Van de Ven and Poole (1995) point out that existing models and theories of organizational change have not significantly advanced our understanding of the processes and sequences of events that [...]