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The article presents information about political developments from various countries. The latest news from Paris has reached the outer world in a most extraordinary way. A member of the Government of National Defence M. Gambetta, was the bearer of it. A severe fight, south of Metz, took place on the 3rd, several brigades being engaged on both sides but the sortie accomplished nothing definite. The wounded French were left, intentionally, on the field. On the following days some fighting and cannonading was carried on around the northern fortifications. Stories of Prussian cruelty and depredations were for a while confined to the Paris papers, whose very extravagance and absurdity, however, rendered their charges harmless. Stories of Russia's preparing for an immediate attack on Turkey, which were put in circulation last week, have disappeared.

The article focuses on changes in the Ottoman Empire. Founders of the Turkish Empire were a mere fraction of a Turkish tribe that had left Central Asia on account of Mongolian invasions, and sought a new home in Asia Minor. These people, aggregating only a few hundreds, brought discipline and a sense of justice and safety into the small territory they acquired, while everything, both under Byzantine rule and under the rule of Mohammedan Seljuks in Asia Minor, at that time, was easy-going, corrupt, and unsafe. Furthermore, the Turkish rule afforded opportunities for the recognition and advancement of talent and merit in a very large measure. Talented people, men with ideas, were glad to gather under the Turkish flag to begin a new life.

The article reports on the state visit to Turkey by King Paul and Queen Frederika of Greece, the first visit to Turkey by Greek monarchs. It states that Turkey and Greece have a long history of animosity. The Greek monarchs placed a wreath on the tomb of Turkish Kemal Ataturk, which is said to be the highlight of the visit.

(Bloomberg) -- Israeli troops have encircled Gaza City and effectively cut off the northern part of the Gaza Strip from the south, Israel's military said. Internet and Communication Disrupted in Gaza (6:40 p.m.) Internet and telecom services have been disrupted in Gaza for the third time since the Israel-Hamas war began, Paltel, the main telecom provider in the Palestinian territory, said. Jordan has been highly critical of Israel's military operations in Gaza and last week recalled its ambassador to Israel in protest. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on Adnan Menderes, Premier of Turkey and a participant to the Baghdad Pact or the Central Treaty Organization in 1958. It highlights the life and political career of Menderes particularly his ascension to the Premiership and his rule that started in 1950. It also says that the Turkish leader seeks to develop an industrialized Turkey while avoiding the pitfalls of low economy.

This article presents information related to political issues around the world. Striking evidence of the "state of nerves" into which the United States has got is furnished by the number of ordinarily calm and cool-headed men who are now going about filled with unconcealed apprehension. Talk of war between Russia and Turkey over the Persian boundary dispute is taken in some quarters seriously. The quarrel is of nearly a year's standing. Difference of opinion between Turkey and Persia as to the frontier line in the north was followed by what Persia has designated as invasion of her territory by Turkish troops.

Focuses on Italy's preparation for a descent upon the one remaining fragment of Turkish dominion in north Africa. Failure of an energetic press campaign to give an appearance of reality to Italy's alleged grievances against Turkey; Socialist party's support for anti-militarism and anti-imperialism; Popularity of the Tripolitan War; Vitality of Italy that can be used to defend her position; Italy's foothold in Africa and in the Aegean Islands; Reasons why Italy postponed her entry into the war until Russia had been driven back from the Carpathians.

This article presents information about several war related news. The defeat of the Turkish armies in Trailscaucasia, appears to have been even more complete than was gathered from early reports of it. Turkish forces had penetrated to Sarykamyscia, in an attempt to threaten the military base at Kars, and to Ardahan, some eighty or ninety miles apart, and at these two places separate battles seem to have taken place simultaneously, in each of which the Ottoman troops suffered severe defeats. On the East Prussian front, in Poland, and in West Galicia, there has been a lull in the fighting during the past few days, and the situation remains virtually what it was when it was written last week. One may notice, however, that the official account from Berlin, Germany of the capture of Borjimow, at the juncture of the Rawka and Bzura Rivers, to which one referred with some doubt last week, proves to have been greatly exaggerated.

The article offers information on Syrian-Turkish relations where Turkey has threatened to go for war with Syria. It informs that North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has revised its contingency plans for entering border war with Syria and will be using continuing artillery fire. It also discusses the prospects of Russia getting involved in the clash since Turkish Air Force forced a Syrian commercial jet inside Turkey to make an emergency landing.

Of the many regional arms races in which Washington is involved, probably the most mercurial is the one under way in the Aegean. But the opponents in the Aegean are both members of NATO, which makes it the more grotesque that U.S. is providing the combustible and lethal element by which war may come. Between 1990 and 1994, Turkey imported $7.8 billion worth of weaponry and Greece $6.4 billion. This put them respectively in third and fourth place on the international rearmament table. The strain on two heavily indebted and partly underdeveloped economies can only be guessed at. One of the strains is of course political, because expenditures like this can only aggrandize the military.

The article presents information on several issues related to war and business in February 1940. U.S. Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles will be leaving for conferences with top officials in Germany, England and France. A commercial pact between England and Turkey which was signed in October 1938 will go into effect February 19, 1939. A plane is being produced everyday by an American-owned airplane factory in China near the Burma border.

The article offers information related to war. Enver Pasha mentions that the enemies of Turkey will be destroyed with the aid of Allah and the assistance of the Prophet. It says that many Englishmen are crying out for an alteration of their address, since the Ottomans have discovered that their culture and that of the Germans are one. It adds that that the victories must be celebrated in Berlin, Germany to provide the underemployed players of orchestral instruments with more employment.