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A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of California analyzed the quality and readability of online information related to shoulder instability. The study found that many patient educational materials (PEMs) did not meet current recommendations, with an average quality rating of "poor" and a reading level equivalent to the ninth grade. Additionally, the study revealed that only a small percentage of the materials mentioned the risks associated with surgery. Surgeons should be aware of the limited information available on the risks and outcomes of operative treatment for shoulder instability in these online resources. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Engineering and Technology in Lahore, Pakistan have developed a handwriting tutoring system to teach Urdu transcription. The system uses machine learning to evaluate the quality of handwriting based on legibility and writing process, providing feedback to the writer. The system achieved an average accuracy of 97% in identifying and correcting mistakes, making it effective for individuals seeking to improve their handwriting skills. This research contributes to the development of a standard for evaluating the quality of Urdu handwriting and provides an architecture that relies on machine learning-based models to provide detailed and intelligent feedback. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine evaluated the quality and understandability of patient education materials (PEMs) related to scar management. The study found that while online PEMs included a wide range of scar management interventions, they lacked emphasis on non-invasive methods such as scar massage or sun protection. The readability of the materials was moderate, and the actionability was lacking. The researchers suggest that improving language simplicity, including visual aids, and providing specific steps for patients to take action could enhance the effectiveness of PEMs for scar management. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine explored the use of large language models (LLMs) in radiation oncology patient care. The study found that LLMs, specifically ChatGPT version 3.5, were able to generate accurate, comprehensive, and concise responses to patient questions with minimal risk of harm. The LLMs performed as well as or better than expert answers in terms of factual correctness, completeness, and conciseness. However, the LLMs did have a higher reading level compared to expert answers. The findings suggest that with some retraining, LLMs could be a valuable resource for patient queries in radiation oncology and other medical fields. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Health Sciences aimed to assess the readability of online patient education materials related to brainstem implants. The study found that all websites examined had a high level of readability, surpassing the recommended 6th-grade reading level suggested by the American Medical Association. This may hinder patients and their families from fully understanding the materials. The researchers suggest that health professionals and institutions should strive to strike a balance between scientific accuracy and readability to make these materials more accessible to a broader audience. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Health Sciences in Izmir, Turkey, examined the readability, reliability, quality, and content of patient education materials (PEMs) about Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) available on the internet. The study found that the readability of these materials was quite high, surpassing the recommended sixth-grade level. However, the reliability and quality of the PEMs were determined to be moderate to poor. The researchers suggest that PEMs for public health issues should be prepared with attention to readability recommendations. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Stanford University School of Medicine examined the readability and reliability of online patient education materials (OPEMs) about statins, which are commonly used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The study found that the average reading grade level of these materials was 10.9, exceeding the recommended 6th grade level. Additionally, there was an inverse association between readability and reliability, with industry and commercial sources being the most readable but least reliable, while lay press sources were the most reliable. The researchers suggest that the lack of accessible, high-quality online health information may contribute to statin nonadherence. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons examined the accessibility and readability of online patient education on cutaneous lymphomas. The study found that patients often turn to the internet for information on cutaneous lymphoma, but it can be challenging to find patient-accessible education. The researchers analyzed over 1,000 webpages and found that the readability of the information exceeded the recommended grade level. They concluded that there is a need for more patient-accessible education and improved readability of existing online resources. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Utah compared the readability of patient education materials (PEMs) in ophthalmology generated by AI chatbots to those produced by the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. The study found that the PEMs generated by ChatGPT 4.0 had the highest readability scores, indicating that they may be more difficult to read. However, when prompted to produce content at a 6th-grade reading level, both ChatGPT 4.0 and Google Bard were able to significantly improve their readability scores. The study suggests that AI tools, when guided by appropriate prompts, can generate accessible and comprehensible PEMs in the field of ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgeries. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, aimed to assess the readability and quality of online materials related to Zenker's diverticulum. The researchers reviewed the first 50 websites that appeared in a Google search for "Zenker's diverticulum." The study found that the readability scores for both patient-oriented and physician-oriented websites were more advanced than recommended for medical education materials. However, patient-oriented sites had better readability than physician-oriented sites. The understandability and actionability scores did not differ between the two categories of websites. This research provides valuable insights into the quality of online education materials for Zenker's diverticulum. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Florida State University evaluated the readability and quality of online patient education materials for pediatric ACL tears. The study found that the average grade level of these resources exceeded the recommended reading level, indicating that they may be too difficult for the average adult reader. However, the materials were deemed to be of good quality. The researchers emphasized the importance of considering the readability of these resources in order to improve health literacy and outcomes, particularly for patients and families of lower socioeconomic status. Physicians treating young patients with ACL tears should be aware of these online resources as they are increasingly utilized. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Stanford University examined the readability and quality of online health information related to pediatric nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting). The researchers analyzed 36 websites and found that the majority of articles were written at a higher reading level than recommended. Additionally, the quality of the information varied, with some articles considered to be of "good" quality and others of "poor" quality. The study highlights the need for institutions to provide high-quality and easily understandable content for families seeking information on bedwetting. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Minnesota examined the availability and readability of online patient education materials related to cleft lip and palate. The study analyzed both English and Spanish language materials collected from American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) approved teams. The findings revealed that while there were more English materials available, both sets of materials had readability levels above the recommended grade level. The researchers suggest that improving the readability of these materials could lead to lower healthcare costs and increased patient satisfaction. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the role that Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) can play in improving their research review quality and client satisfaction, which can be made possible by focusing on how they and their submission forms communicate with researchers. The key changes that have been made in submission forms are based on four guiding principles - write clearly and plainly, target questions to the expected user, do not duplicate questions, and create forms that can be audited.

The article discusses how improving the readability of informed consent is a process requiring ongoing commitment. Hallie Kassan, director of the IRB office at the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research in Manhasset, New York says that the need to revisit something on which one educates in vital. The education program conducted by the Institute shows differences in basic literacy and health literacy. The use of the PRISM program has been recommended.

The article presents suggestions for the confidentiality and privacy of information to prevent conflicts on informed consent documents which include informing the participants on the timeframe of data usage, where it will be used and what data might be used.