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Describes a stylistic analysis component added to a training course for the use of literature in an English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) context. The aim of this component was to help the student teachers explore the effectiveness of applying stylistic analysis of poetry to the design of language activities for use in EFL classes. (12 references) (Author/CK)

Problems of adult education in Turkey, such as funding, research, teacher training, and coordination, are related to politics and to the high degree of centralized decision making. Decentralization with community participation could improve training for adult educators and delivery of adult education provision. (SK)

Currently, the Turkish extension service plays a minimal role in reducing adverse environmental effects of farming methods. Public investment in research and extension on sustainable agriculture is needed to ensure long-term production practices that maintain the food supply without damaging the environment. (SK)

The notion of washback, that testing influences teaching, is explored and a series of possible hypotheses are advanced. The empirical research in general education and in language education is reviewed to determine whether washback actually exists, how it can be measured, and what accounts for its form. Proposals for future research are suggested. (34 references) (Author/LB)

Describes a procedure used in in-service training in Turkey which encourages feedback discussion that does not make individual teachers feel threatened. Contentrating on areas of teaching rather than individual performance, individual "micro-tasks" were initially discussed in small groups, followed by the teachers' comments on the discussions, which were finally summed up in a plenary discussion with the lecturer. (SL)