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Focuses on the contents of the book "The Sleepwalkers". Concept of universe; Mathematics in science; Astronomer as historian of science.

The article reports on the use of statistical testing. It states that among the consequences of statistical testing using fixed levels of significance is the potential for this practice to lead to publication bias. The author notes that history does not provide the sort of randomized experiments R. A. Fisher would have advocated.

This paper explores the goals of Jewish and Christian sponsored orphanages in late nineteenth and early twentieth century England and identifies ways that religious institutions served the needy, constructed their self-identify, and that of their 'inmates'. Christian charities, especially evangelical institutions such as Barnardo's and the National Children's Homes (NCH), focused not only on the rescue of children, but their salvation. Policy at Norwood, the Jewish orphanage, reflected a combination of Jewish charitable tradition, alongside a self- consciousness about reputation and anxiety over anti-Semitism, and anti-alienism. In response, Norwood developed an extensive programme designed to raise respectable, anglicised Jews who would remain members of Britain's Jewish community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archives of the Polanyis, a distinguished family of intellectuals of Hungarian-Jewish origins, are today divided between two continents and three countries. The article traces the history of the family's archives, highlighting the way in which the multiple -- and in their respective contents distinct -- collections of documents testify to the family's history since the late nineteenth century and the intellectual refugee experience at large. Documents of the family's flight from Hitler's Europe, preserved in the Eva Zeisel Papers, shed light on the details of a little-known episode of the intellectual migration from Nazi-ruled Europe to the United States and help integrate the international network of physics and the Ukrainian Physico-Technological Institute in the Soviet Union in the networks of émigré artists and intellectuals. The article also considers the constructed nature of family archives and the shifting perception of what families consider private or public in their own history and legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the importance of double-blind, randomized controlled study in medicine, physics, and forensic science. Topics discussed are historic examples of blind tests which include judging for the best wine by British purveyor Steven Spurrier and proving the theory of animal magnetism; example in medicine include checking for side effects of statin; need for blind forensic analysis for avoiding unconscious form of bias.

In the mid twentieth century, Los Angeles boasted a large community of German speakers. Drawing from archival research, this paper will examine the ways in which German language weekly newspapers and a German language cinema conceived of and communicated with their audiences. Through examinations of both language usage and visual imagery, this paper argues that, despite a plurality of German speakers in L.A., German language media organizations marketed to a European-based notion of Germanness. Such marketing reveals a practice of exclusion of non-typical German speakers and ultimately provides insight into the early postwar Angeleno German-speaking community. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper questions the significance and meaning behind the Byzantine legends of Jewish image desecration between the sixth and tenth centuries. The narrative of these tales, as historical and literary phenomena, uncover the uneasy equilibrium between the Christian theologians’ fear of idolatry and their need to gratify the Christian veneration of sacred images. It also confirms how doctrinal issues regarding types of images, their representation, real presence, worship and theological truth could be integrated into fictitious tale narratives about Jews to locate and define the Christian response to images at any given time. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]