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Archives function both as repositories of documents and materials and as sites of memory collection and classification. This article explores the provenance and process of collecting and archiving through the lens of the collection of personal papers of Samuel Switzer, a Northern educated Southerner, World War I soldier, and a Jew. It examines how the interplay of Switzer's various identities affected the donor's and archivists' perspectives on the collection's importance and relevance and demonstrates the impact of these viewpoints on the collection's presentation and use by scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Place a square sheet of paper with side length 1 into the first quadrant of a coordinate system in such a way that the lower-left corner coincides with the origin. Look at the set of points that are obtained by folding the lower-right corner of the sheet along a line passing through the origin. The points obtained in this fashion will lie on the unit circle whose center is the origin. By making use of two similar triangles, the illustration gives rise to a rational parametrization of the unit circle. The parameter t is the distance from the lower-right corner of the sheet to the point of intersection of the fold line with the right edge of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can scientific journals satisfy an admirable desire for open-mindedness and aversion to censorship while minimizing the publication of junk science? We consider this question in the context of the Bem (2011) paper reporting extra-sensory perception among Cornell students, which received a lot of attention in part because the editors made the decision to publish the article despite extreme skepticism of its claims. We consider the reasons, good and bad, for journals to publish such papers, and then we propose an alternative way in which the journal could publish without seeming to endorse outlandish claims. Our proposal is to flip the standard scheme of scientific publication by privileging data rather than strong conclusions presented with an air of certainty. This proposal could work for the publication of "big if true" claims more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For "statistical purposes", where would you fit in the 2020 U.S. census (Figure 1) and the 2021 England census (Figure 2)? B June 27, 1884 b President Chester Arthur signed a bill into law (23 Stat. The middle category included Native Americans (the 2020 census term is "American Indian") who were subject to U.S. tax. His 1958 joint paper with Paul Meier on the product-limit statistic for estimating survival functions from lifetime data is now one of the most cited statistics papers of modern times. [Extracted from the article]

The article reflects on the ability of the U.S. Congress to create money for a fast economic recovery and to fund public projects through the Federal Reserve without implementing higher taxes, national debt and inflation. It notes the Legal Tender Act of 1862 which authorizes the creation of notes known as greenbacks but is absent in the U.S. Constitution. It mentions the disapproval of most delegates at the National Convention for the creation of paper money as it can lead to hyperinflation.

This paper is about Jewish experiences of marriage/partnership, family, and love, as much as it is about doing being Jewish, feeling Jewish, and expressing (Jewish) agency in post-1945 Germany. While 'families' are often approached in terms of social structures in social theory, this paper seeks to relate the experiences of Jews and their partnership/marriage and family forms to the broad concepts of love, agency, personality, and negotiations of Jewishness in the everyday. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the implementation of the Youth Training Scheme in 1983 the MSC established, and funded, an Accredited Training Centre in each of its areas. The functions of these centres is to support Managing Agents and Providers of the scheme by offering a staff training and consultancy service. This paper discusses some of the problems of designing a training programme that will meet the basic criteria laid down by the MSC for YTS staff training and at the same time meet the logistic problems of implementing the training. It has two main objectives, (1) to design a pattern of training provision that will meet the training needs, and (2) to enable the preparation of training units to be completed in a relatively short period of time by a range of specialist tutors. The paper is not intended as a critical piece of work but rather a proposed model for designing and implementing the training provision of the centre. It is a discussion paper and any opinions expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those of the MSC or of the Local Authority (ILEA). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In late 2011 the South African government published a White Paper outlining climate change response policies for the coming decades. Among the main topics of the text were the socio-economic and climatic vulnerabilities of the country, including the situation of the poor. With the aim of analysing the argumentation regarding climate change and social justice we develop a combined linguistic and discursive approach, starting with occurrences of keywords pertaining to rights, equity and poverty. The White Paper’s conceptualisation of climate change is explored as a narrative, at the level of the text as a whole. This combined analysis shows that the legal rights of the poor are hardly given any place in the argumentation, whereas less constricting political intentions are far more present. Furthermore, the text attributes a passive role to the poor, dependent on the benevolence of a government that attributes the role of hero to itself. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article reports on the crease length problem in many modern calculus textbooks. Crease length problem asks for paper foldings that do not produce protruding flaps. It shows the golden ratio through the condition of the paper dimension. Its minimum crease length could be obtained through folding the paper in half while its maximum crease length is obtained by making similar folds on the paper.

The authors focus on the process of inscribing triangles between parallel lines in the Euclidean plane through the use of an iterative process. They found out that the limiting triangle is equilateral when the geometry is hyperbolic and the lines are asymptotically parallel. They note that the process is extended to the sphere once limiting triangle is isosceles.

After an analysis of published experimental results and theoretical models on irradiation creep, the authors of a recent paper [1] conclude that “the strain accumulated in the material of the first wall of fusion reactors due to creep under pulsed irradiation… can reach a inadmissible high level”. This conclusion was reached since recent experimental results [2, 3] have been omitted from the analysis and incorrect input parameters for the theoretical models have been assumed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article reviews the exhibition "Richard Diebenkorn: The Berkeley Years, 1953-1966" held at the de Young Museum in San Francisco, California on June 22-September 29, 2013 and Palm Springs Art Museum in Palm Springs, California on October 26, 2013-February 16, 2014.

Long used as a tool for medical compliance and adhering to treatment plans, behavior contracts have made their way into the in-patient healthcare setting as a way to manage the "difficult" patient and family. The use of this tool is even being adopted by health-care ethics consultants (HECs) in US hospitals as part of their work in navigating conflict at the bedside. Anecdotal evidence of their increasing popularity among clinical ethicists, for example. can be found at professional bioethics meetings and conversations and idea-sharing among practitioners on HEC social media. While there are a handful of papers gesturing toward a bioethical critique of behavior contracts of various types. the use of behavior contracts in the context of interpersonal conflict has not been vetted by bio-ethicists to determine their ethical legitimacy or efficacy. In this paper. we highlight a set of ethical concerns that we believe must be addressed before continuing or widespread implementation of behavior contracts to manage the "difficult" patient or family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is about the structure underlying surreal numbers, namely, the birthdays of surreal number forms. The results are intriguing because (i) addition of surreal forms results in simple addition of their birthdays, but (ii) multiplication results in a much more complicated structure of birthdays, given by a kind of two-dimensional Fibonacci sequence. The paper also provides many examples and illustrations designed to help a student become familiar with this interesting set of numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses online papers on streakiness and hot hand fallacy in sports including one by Presh Tawalkar that discusses selection bias; another by Joshua Benjamin Miller and Adam Sanjurjo on the law of small numbers; and an explanation of the fallacy by Yosef Rinott and Maya Bar-Hillel.

Kappa Statistic for Observer Agreement In its simplest form, the kappa statistic for observer agreement involves two judges considering I n i items and allocating each into one of two categories. From a reading of Barton and David's I Biometrika i paper, they believed that the formulas presented by Whitworth were unlikely to have been new to him. For Table 2, Galton calculated the centesimal scale value as: Graph Using Light's conditional kappa formula involves the same calculation and gives the equivalent answer. David Barton and Florence David, in their 1957 I Biometrika i paper about multiple runs, cited Whitworth's text as the oldest known source of the two-category formulas. [Extracted from the article]

The attempt of Seeger and Frank1 to reinterpret the annealing in recovery Stage III in gold in terms of the mobile single interstitial is discussed. Considering the experimental data of Stage III in irradiated samples and for the annealing stage observed in quenching samples around room temperature, it is concluded that the assignment of the recovery in these two stages to two different elementary defects is unjustified. It is further demonstrated that the interpretation of recovery Stage III by interstitial migration is in conflict with the direct observations of vacancies migrating in this stage and that the interpretation of the recovery measurements in radiation doped gold by the two interstitial model leads to inconsistencies. The attempt to interpret recovery Stage III in gold by interstitial migration must therefore be rejected and the activation energy of 0.71 eV measured for this stage must be attributed to the migration energy of single vacancies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper provides a non-exhaustive analysis of the ubuntu-based human rights approach to sustainable development adopted recently by the African Arbitration Academy's Model Bilateral Investment Treaty. The concept of ubuntu is used in this approach to sustainable development as an overriding principle for the interpretation, performance and enforcement of substantive treaty provisions, including investors' human rights obligations. Through this original approach, sustainable development objectives are to be achieved in the host state by focusing on effective protection and implementation of human rights. Specifically, the study employs the methodology of legal analysis of provisions derived primarily from the model, the methodology of comparative analysis and the comprehensive study doctrine. The paper suggests that the ubuntu-based human rights approach has the potential to enhance the acceptance of human rights, effectively implement them and contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals. This paper is an important contribution to the literature on sustainable development, the culturalisation of human rights and corporate human rights responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rojava has recently received significant global attention thanks to the victories achieved there by the revolutionary Kurdish militia controlling the region and its Women's Protection Units against ISIS. An international community that has long been silent about Kurdish oppression was suddenly fascinated by the Rojava revolution and its potential for women's liberation. But this current interest elides vital political and conceptual contributions of activists in Rojava and elsewhere in Kurdistan, and reinscribes the orientalist and imperial scripts invoked in the representation of the emancipatory politics of the region's peoples. Pushing against these frameworks, this paper examines the new method of Kurdish decolonization, "democratic confederalism," as a distinct and perhaps novel contribution to the global repertoire of anticolonial thought and practice, especially with its re-envisioning of the revolutionary role violence and nonviolence can play in liberation. Tracing the intellectual and political process that turned decoloniz-ing Kurds from the pursuit of a territorial nation-state towards the revolutionary and feminist transformation of colonized sites and lives, it distinguishes this decolonial politics and its central means of community self-defense from both its reactionary opposites and revolutionary siblings. Foregrounding its foundationally anti-nationalist character, the paper proposes to approach this revolutionary, egalitarian, and community based self-defense as a rival ethics of nonviolence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]