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This article offers world news briefs for the week of May 2, 1964. The contamination of the Mississippi River, caused by the pesticide Endrin, is discussed. The U.S. Commerce Department's decided to cut back on Black Walnut log exports from the Appalachian region. The voting pattern of farmers in Iowa is discussed.

Deals with the genetic improvement of Southern pines. Definition of the first, second and third forest; Objective of intensive tree farming; Explanation on wood quality.

Focuses on the conversion of energy. Radiation of less than 20 percent of a burned wood or coal in an open fireplace into a room; Computation of the maximum theoretical efficiency of a steam turbine or other heat engine by mathematician Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot; Consumption of some 24 percent of all electrical energy by lighting in the U.S. based on estimates of General Electric Co. as of September 1971.

The article examines the teredo, a typical shipworm. Teredo is a specialized group of mollusks which spends its entire adult life within the confines of a single piece of wood. It has the ability to digest and metabolize cellulose. Teredo grows inside the wood by enlarging the space they occupy. They converting the tough fibers of the wood to the soft substance of their bodies and finally they empty the space when they die.

This article presents the author's touring experience on Italy. The road of the pass was hard and smooth and not yet dusty in the early morning. Outside the villages there were fields with vines. The fields were brown and the vines coarse and thick. The houses were white and in the streets the men, in their Sunday clothes, were playing bowls. Against the walls of some of the houses there were pear trees, their branches candelabra d against the white walls. The pear trees had been sprayed, and the walls of the houses were stained a metallic blue-green by the spray vapor. The woods were gone; the road had left the river to climb; the radiator was boiling; the young man looked annoyedly and suspiciously at the steam and rusty water; the engine was grinding, with both Guy's feet on the first speed pedal, up and up, back and forth and up, and finally out level.

The article presents information on the books and other reading materials. "The Home Mechanic," by John Wright, is a volume of something over 400 pages dealing with wood and metal-working in a thorough if somewhat discursive manner. "Chats on Writers and Books," by John N. Crawford is the title of a limited edition of 275 copies brought out in two volumes by the Charles H. Sergei Co, Chicago. Herbert S. Stone & Co, Chicago, have nearly ready "The World 's Painters," by James William Pattison.

The people of the United States use about 300 board feet of lumber per capita per year. This is two or three times as much as that used by the people of Europe, and it is much more than we ourselves will have to get along with when the shortage of wood becomes acute. For let it be understood once for all, the United States is going to have a timber shortage in about twenty-five years. This is inevitable because for the past fifty years the nation have been destroying its forests and none have been planted to replace them.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "Dividends, Less Makes More" in the December 5, 1953 issue, "Wood: Improving on Nature" in the October 31, 1953 issue, and "Where the Office Buildings Are Sprouting Up" in the November 28, 1953 issue.

The article offers information on a new method employed by a subsidary of Rock Island Millwork Co. for making wood out of sawdust.

The author says that people in the United States could, of course, simply use less wood. They could take advantage of substitute materials for home building-materials not being used because of a reactionary building industry and a jungle of obsolete building codes that only the most preposterous overuse of wood can satisfy. It is insane to suppose that if the public sits on its hands long enough, industry will lead the way to conservation of wood. The industry unanimously demanded that the National Forest increase the allowable cut on public lands by 10 per cent.

The article discusses wood as a major contributor to the U.S. war effort and as a source of material for civilian needs as of December 1942. It notes that tree farming and forest conservation methods are aimed at maximizing the usefulness of trees. It talks about the military's need for vast amount of wood products, the role of the Department of Agriculture's Forest Products Laboratory of the Forest Service in wood research, and making giant planes out of wood.

This article discusses the use of cultured wood by Kroehler Manufacturing Co. to build furniture in the U.S. Kroehler applies Emerite formula in manufacturing cultured wood and uses the wood for core stock in case goods. The furniture maker recognizes the ability of the product to resist denting, moisture and changes of climate.

The article focuses on a manpower shortage and the need for chemical wood facing the hardwood distillation industry in northern Michigan and Wisconsin in 1944. The solution of the U.S. War Manpower Commission to the first issue is placing German war prisoners at work to produce pulpwood and chemical wood. The industry is using display advertisements in newspapers to purchase more chemical wood. The number of hardwood distillation facilities in the Lake states have declined from 16 in 1924 to four in 1944.

Focuses on the use of driftwood in U.S. folk art. The question of how art evolves; Account of the author's search for folk art in coastal California and Oregon; Advantages of driftwood as an art medium; Driftwood sculpture in Emeryville, California, and Arcata, California; Stone carving and rock arrangements; Relationship of art to the environment.

Discusses the microscopical examination of wood from the ruried forest in Alaska. Characteristics of the wood; Elements within the woods; Measurement of the breadth of the ray.

The article discusses the competition on the wood market. Researchers at the Yale University Forestry School are looking for a substitute wood for building navy ships, which is called Manilkara bidentata. The wood is resistant to abrasions and if used for legs on office furniture, would eliminate the splinters that would scratch and ruin a girl's stockings. It comes from a medium-sized South American called Kaneelhart, which is almost 5 times as strong as white oak.

The article provides information on prairie woods. The characteristics of Iowa prairie woods are cited. The significance of trees on the prairie is emphasized. Trees gained meaning because of the prairie setting. A description of wild flowers that grow in an old-fashioned house in Iowa is also presented.

Focuses on the significance of wood for man. Properties of wood; Usage of wood; Need to prevent wastage of wood by man. INSET: Idaho Loggers Battle a River..

Presents an article on investigating the source of the ladder that was used to kidnap the son of aviator Charles Lindbergh in March 1932. Possibility of tracing the wood used in creating the ladder; General characteristics of the wood; Speculations on the maker of the ladder.

In this article the author discusses his approach of making hand carved toys based on life drawings of animal forms and actions. He uses three-pieces of wood of different thicknesses and widths to offer a better appearance of the toys. He discovers that a standing animal is easier to make than one with violent action. He also offers ideas on the selection of right colors to be used in painting toys.

The article features illustrator Ed Emberley. An overview of some of his works is presented, including "Rosebud," "Colonial Life in America," and "The Wing on a Flea." Emberley's tools, methods, and techniques as an illustrator are explored. It is also said that such artist owns various fonts of Caslon type, bold and decorative wood type, and a collection of display faces.

The author offers views on the art of native wood carving. He mentions that wood as an art material has been used by both artisans and artists for its color, figure and working qualities. He describes the qualities of several hard woods such as walnut, mahogany and manzanita that make it appropriate for wood carving. He also stresses the need for fine steel instruments to create excellent quality wood carving.

The article focuses on Leonard Baskin, a contemporary U.S. artist. Baskin uses wood, bronze and other media in his artworks and is also a philosopher. The author describes his works as conscientiously planned, the structure as firmed and the appeal to fellow-men as duly stressed. Wood is favored by Baskin as a medium due to its character and limitations. The author describes the artist's subjects as bandaged, crippled, weeping, blind, frightened, tormented or terrified.

The article discusses the utilization of aluminum in the world of 12-meter yachting in the U.S. in 1970. It states that the utilization of aluminum in vessels is for the replacement of wood used in yachting. It stresses that aluminum is a lightweight metal that would be speedier and cheaper to build yachts. It mentions the development of aluminum yachts by millionaire land developer Alan Bond in Australia and Maverick Designer Britton Chance in producing Mariner, a vessel with radical new lines.

The article presents information on the book "The Forests of North America," by Charles S. Sargent. In view of the national importance of the forest question, this publication is timely and valuable as furnishing the data by which to work out its solution. It belongs in the front rank of the Government publications. A number of important changes have been made in the names of the species, based upon investigations into the works of early botanical writers. This portion of the volume will be of special interest to the botanist, while the terse descriptions of the nature of the wood, taken in connection with the distribution of the species, furnish important data for the builder and mechanic.

Focuses on views of a painter regarding his theories of life and art, which he described to the author. Idea that came in the painter's mind when he painted his last picture, which he called "Within the Woods"; Description of the mood that underlie his inspiration to draw the painting; Emphasis of the painter on remembering every moment that the human soul participates in the divine.

The article explores the efforts made to bring the visual grading of lumber used in building up-to-date. The heightened stir over machine stress testing is attributed to several factors that have worked to weaken the grip of visual grading. To have a thinner and stronger board, the lumber is dried to predictable moisture levels. Many lumber experts emphasize that despite these efforts, the industry should turn to other methods that are still more accurate.

The article discusses the establishment of the American Forest Products Industries Inc., an aggrupation of wood-using industries created to resist the use of competitive materials such as steel, copper and aluminum. It cites the organization's advocacy in promoting wood as a building material. It states that the National Lumber Manufacturers' Association (NLMA) is part of the new organization, as well as industry personalities such as John W. Blodgett, Carl L. Hamilton, and W. M. Ritter.

The article discusses the use of plywood for aircraft with 20 plants producing aircraft plywood exclusively. Topics discussed include the doubling of demands for plywood aircraft in 1943 from the 1942 requirements, the problems faced by the industry including the amount of plywood need to satisfy aviation needs and the difficulty of getting workers with sufficient wood background and the wood's advantage of being cheaper than metal aircraft.

The article reports on the gravity clay line project in the Arkansas River to the Mississippi River and in the Red River Valley to the junction of Mississippi. It states that the project is to transport oil in a pressure pipeline with the use of clay, carrying more oil and reduces friction. It also describes the advantages and disadvantages on the usage of clay, glass, wood, and steel pipes for carrying oil.

The article discusses the 'semi-chemical' papermaking process for pulping wood. Dubbed as the sixth process of papermaking, the process steers a middle course between the cooking process and the grinding process while at the same time succeeding in retaining most of the wood constituents but greatly reducing the length of the fibers. The details as well as the advantages of utilizing the process are elaborated. Data on the U.S. paper production by thousands of ton are also presented.

The article discusses the growing uses of wood in the U.S. in light of austerity measures as of April 1942. It states about 32.6 billion board feet of wood were cut in 1941, 72.8% of which went to the military, and that 35 billion will be made available in the current one. In light of a shortage in metals and other materials, the War Production Board (WPB) recommends wood as a replacement, as it can be used in a variety of ways. New uses cited include the creation of a wooden hangar by Northwest Airlines, the development of a wooden plane and others.

The article reports on the renewed effort to prevent use of the word mahogany for Philippine wood. The Mahogany Association, the American Walnut Association, and the Hardwood Manufacturers' Institute petitioned the U.S. Federal Trade Commission that the trade term "Philippine mahogany" is deceptive. They contended that the Gillespie case has overruled every argument that would favor the Philippine mahogany interests.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including "What ails the mutual fund industry" in the March 3, 1973 issue, "People management," by Don Martin in the March 3, 1973 issue and "A high price for exporting logs" in the February 17, 1973 issue.

This section offers U.S. news briefs. Harold Ickes, U.S. Secretary of the Interior, announced that the new pipeline from Texas to Illinois will be in service by Christmas of 1942. Transport via ships of surplus Brazil coffee to the U.S. is a serious problem for both countries. The large-scale substitution of wood for steel in construction has resulted in a shortage of several major grades of lumber.

The article examines the lumber market as of the third quarter of 1948. Wholesale lumber index went up from 313.3 to 316.7 in July 1948, although some market indicators reveal that the boom has seen its peak. Retail yard inventories climbed from 1.7 billion board feet to 4.7 billion as buyers become more choosy and cheaper grade wood prices weaken. On the bright side, demand from the housing sector is expected to keep things from slipping too far at least until 1950.

The article looks at the Puget Sound Pulp & Timber Company's production of industrial alcohol from sulphite liquor, a waste material in the reduction of timber to wood pulp. It reports that the company produces about 7,000 gallons of 190-proof alcohol daily. Sulphite liquor alcohol production is traced to Sweden, which has 34 plants whose turnout in 1945 was 15,000,000 gallons. The Puget Sound plant's future is seen to rest on its production costs, said to be a carefully guarded secret, and on the company's ability to find new outlets for its products.

The article evaluates the Staypak wood from the U.S.. Forest Products Laboratory

The article focuses on the preparation of the resumption of civilian production with the multitudes of new manufacturing materials and processes in the U.S. which had been inspired or improved by the war in 1945. It mentions that manufacturers and wholesalers are facing difficult decisions with the issue particularly with processes involving metals, plastics and wood. It notes the importance of high-frequency (HF) electricity not only in television and radio but also for metals and plastics.

The article reports on the methylolurea process of Du Pont that chemically treats any lumber, veneer or plywood to become what it termed as transmuted wood. The process consists of wood impregnation with a water solution of methylolurea, which is a mixture of urea and dimethylolurea. Methylolurea polymerizes with components in the wood's cell walls to create hard, water-insoluble, unmeltable resins.

The article discusses the impending paper shortage in 1944. While the combined requirements of the U.S., Canada and England are expected to exceed by seven percent the 1943 figures, a shortage in production by 27 percent, is anticipated. A Combined Pulp & Paper Committee of the three countries was formed to investigate and report on paper. The paper crisis is attributed to the shortage of woods labor for felling trees, cutting to length, stacking of corkwood, and hauling to market.

The article discusses the book "Early Indian Sculpture," by Ludwig Bachhofer. The main purpose of the work is to describe the development of style during the five centuries covered. Bachhofer states that aims of Indian art have always been the same, only means have varied from period to period. Thus, in the early period there was a stage of very primitive stone sculpture, possibly based on wooden prototypes, which is frontal and angular, then came a stage when the art found itself. In this period art is in ordered and regular style, classic, with depth and softened line and finally came a stage of free development culminating in the riotous, illusionistic art of Amaravati, India.

The scene of a dream was Westchester County, but it was not the Westchester of today. There were no houses; there were no roads. It was densely wooded and wild except that it was nicely trimmed underfoot. A Drifter remembers thinking at the time that it was rather strange to find this park like floor in what was evidently a primeval forest. Threading the woods were many neat paths, some of them very narrow, others wide enough to accommodate four men abreast. It was on one of these wide paths that the Drifter discovered himself at dusk, walking briskly in a distinctly military way, bound on some very important mission military in character and requiring great speed.

After her older brothers left home most of the out-of-door chores fell to the author. She brought in the wood and coal and carried water from the well, cut the kindling, made the fires and ran errands. She also learned to cook simple food. She went barefoot through the hot months. Her mother had rather large feet and wore shoes to fit them. She talked about the foolishness of women who bound their feet and waists. She wore corsets occasionally, but she often tried to avoid them by sewing stays into her basques.

The article presents the author's view on the use of wood as a medium for wood carving. It cites his disappointment that wood was not always given its proper treatment and provides the procedures by which he execute his. It refers to wood's capability of stimulating an emotional response that can hold an interest even in its crudest form and notes that the essential requisite for creating a piece of sculpture is the understanding of a sculptural form as it relates to a specific material and the proper technique for conveying it.

The article discusses the essential components that carving tools and woods must have before starting wood carving. Tools should be smooth, shiny and kept so sharp because if they are dull, they would indicate bad craftsmanship and sculptors may find them fatiguing and annoying to use. Also, it is a good practice to examine carving woods for hardness to resist the chisel. Soft woods like white pine, cedar and willow do not have durability due to their soft texture.