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This section offers world news briefs related to business in May 1956. A resolution was passed by the Economic & Social Council of the United Nations (ECOSOC) that calls for a diplomatic conference to draw up a much-awaited treaty for the international arbitration of commercial disputes. The German bank of American Express has returned with six branches and headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany. General Motors is planning to build an assembly plant at Valencia in Venezuela.

The article discusses the U.S.-Soviet Union trade plan wherein Russians will share their country's mineral resources in exchange for U.S. industrial skill and equipment. It says that the projects tackled by U.S. Commerce Secretary Peter Peterson and Soviet officials include the use of Siberian natural-gas reserve. It tells that the varied business and legal systems of the countries could hinder plans' execution. It adds that talks will be held to create arbitration rules for business diversity.

The article reports that the Chicago Chamber of Commerce in Illinois is backing an effort to introduce commercial arbitration as an alternative to court proceedings in trade disputes.

Presents letters to the editor on various issues. Commercial laws of Venezuela governing commercial disputes; Effect of hot bread eating on the health of a reader of the periodical "The Nation;" View of a reader of the periodical on a letter "Hot Bread," which was previously published in the periodical.

This article focuses on returned merchandise and the problems it poses for both manufacturers and retailers. Major causes for the return of merchandise are presented, including manufacturers' substitution of unordered merchandise for that which has been ordered, late delivery, errors in shipping, and defective products. Several remedies for eliminating returns of merchandise are proposed, such as close adherence to sales contracts and the improved training of retail sales personnel. Details related to action taken by manufacturing trade associations to prevent the unwarranted return of merchandise are discussed.

The article discusses the 1926 U.S. Arbitration Law. The purpose of the legislation is to make valid and enforceable written agreements for arbitration pertaining to labor disputes arising out of contracts, maritime transactions, and interstate commerce. It does not intend to increase the powers of the U.S. Federal Courts but makes arbitration agreements enforceable within their present jurisdictions. Analysts believe that arbitration is a more flexible way of settling disputes than litigation. They say the Arbitration Law will likely lead the way for additional state-wide business legislation.

The article comments on socio-economic developments in the U.S. as of November 22, 1922. Topics highlighted include incidents of assassination witnessed by Robert T. Lincoln, son of U.S. President Abrahama Lincoln, the advantages of being addressed by other people using one's first name and reasons why people should be inspired by difficulties. Also cited are consumer ownership of securities and lessons that law-makers can learn from business leaders.

Discusses the trade of the U.S. with communist countries as of October 1963. Value of the Canadian wheat transaction; U.S. restrictions which is the reason for the tiny volume of trade between this country and the Soviet bloc; Advantages of bloc trading. INSET: Wheat for the Russians..

Because of the realities of international commerce and the advantages of integrating the Soviet economy into the world economy, we need.... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the issue of the enactment of the East-West Trade Relations Act, first proposed by the U.S. Administration in 1966 in order to improve trade relationship of the U.S. with Russia and other Eastern European Communist countries. It reports that the immediate effect of the Act was to permit the then U.S. President to abolish discriminatory import restrictions on the products of various Communist countries, in the context of bilateral commercial agreements designed to provide a framework helpful to private U.S. firms conducting business relations with Communist state trading agencies.

The article discusses how the adoption of tribunals of justice can end and avoid wasteful litigation in the U.S. Arbitration is said to be the solution to the litigation problem in the country. New York City has established a new Tribunal of Justice under the auspices of the Arbitration Society of America. Arbitrators can settle any disputes, except criminal and divorce-related ones. The Tribunal will also have little cost, as there will be only small charge in the use of court rooms.

Discusses the downfall of President Juan Bosch of the Dominican Republic on September 25, 1963. Role of the U.S. Air Force in a coup d'etat in the Dominican Republic; Attacks made against the president; Reforms in the Dominican society called for by Bosch during his campaign; Background on the first-class citizens.

Focuses on the political developments in Europe. Shooting of Sudeten Germans by the Czech frontier guards; Assessment of the rumor that Dictator Adolf Hitler was massing soldiers along the Czechoslovakia frontier; Resistance of France to Russian aggression; Withdrawal of the German troops from the frontier; Increase of the German manpower; Mobilization of soldiers by the Czech government.

The article explores six reasons why entrepreneurs should keep themselves out of litigation. It mentions that arbitration preserves a business goodwill but a lawsuit damages it. According to the author, they can also save costs from arbitration instead of facing a lawsuit which can cost their operations a lot.

The article reports on the challenges facing real estate financing and mortgaging in the U.S., along with charges and counter-charges about insurance company lending policy, as of March 12, 1930.

The article focuses on the proposal of William J. Donovan to change the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) from an enforcement agency into a judicial agency in 1930. The move allegedly intends to show that the antitrust laws and the law to prevent unfair methods of competition are economic regulations. It has been held by the court that unfair competition was a legal question to be determined by the courts. Under the proposal, the court to which appeal is taken would settle questions as to the law and the facts.

The article focuses on the profitability of Latin America as a wartime market for the U.S. Exports to regions at the southern part of the Rio Grande climbed 24% ahead of September 1938. The largest individual increase was chocked up by Argentina when it increased its demand for manufactured steel products. Plans are being worked by Brazil and Colombia to continue at least partial interest payments on their foreign debt.

The article focuses the fifth visit of Presidential Aide Henry Kissinger in Peking, China. It notes that the visit strengthened the relationship between China and the U.S., wherein the two nations will set up "liaison offices" in each other's capitals. His tour included talks with Premier Chou En-lai and Chairman Mao Tse-tung in Peking, conversations with Communist leaders in Hanoi, and a meeting with Japan's Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka in Tokyo, Japan. It mentions that the Peking talks promised an expansion of trade as well as scientific, cultural and other exchanges.

The article reports on the plan of the U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) for rail merging, along with the permission granted to Baltimore & Ohio to acquire the control of the Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh in 1930.

The article reports on the impact of wars to exports in Latin American stating the victory of the U.S. to win all of the trade battles on all economic front of the region.

A photograph of several U.S. representatives who are gathered for the opening of hte Inter-American Arbitration Center in New York is presented.

The article offers agricultural forecasts which reveal that sales of pesticides will increase during the wet spring season in 1972 in the U.S. It indicates that wet agricultural fields could lead to the proliferation of bugs of which would eventually drive the need of farmers for increased spraying. It further shows that the use of pesticides could push sales up by 8% or 70 million dollars before the year ends.