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Addressing delegates at what's been dubbed finance day at the summit, Sunak earlier promised to step up international climate aid, mobilize private sector finance and overhaul the global financial system to align it with a net zero future. (Bloomberg) -- U.K. Chancellor of the Exchequer Rishi Sunak said the world must translate hundreds of billions of dollars of pledges from companies and governments into concrete action on climate change, as he hailed a new "wall of capital" directed toward eliminating fossil fuel emissions. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Chongqing University in China have explored the potential benefits and challenges of the proposed WHO pandemic treaty for Least Developed Nations (LDNs) in the global health landscape. The treaty has the potential to improve LDNs' access to resources, strengthen health systems, and amplify their voice in global health governance. However, challenges in ensuring equitable access, protecting sovereignty, and ensuring compliance are highlighted. The researchers advocate for treaty revisions that prioritize resource access, safeguard LDNs' autonomy, and promote capacity-building. The paper emphasizes the importance of empowering LDNs and creating a more equitable, resilient, and inclusive global health future. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the decline in the number of international students studying in China, particularly from developed countries. The author highlights proposals made by Professor Jia Qingguo of Peking University to address this issue. Possible reasons for the decline include perception issues, limited employment opportunities, and concerns about academic research. Jia suggests measures such as clarifying the application of relevant laws and improving communication about China's policy intentions. The article concludes by questioning whether these proposals will effectively attract students from developed countries and how the relevant departments will respond to the issues raised. [Extracted from the article]

The U.K. is more vulnerable to financial shocks than most other nations, a Bank of England study concluded, indicating that openness to trade and banking poses some risks. "Openness could be a double-edged sword", the researchers wrote in a paper published in the BOE's quarterly bulletin on Friday. [Extracted from the article]

In the present paper, we review two of the most neglected intestinal food-borne trematodiases: echinostomiasis, caused by members of the family Echinostomatidae, and gastrodiscoidiasis produced by the amphistome Gastrodiscoides hominis. Both parasitic infections are important intestinal food-borne diseases. Humans become infected after ingestion of raw or insufficiently cooked molluscs, fish, crustaceans, amphibians or aquatic vegetables. Thus, eating habits are essential to determine the distribution of these parasitic diseases and, traditionally, they have been considered as minor diseases confined to low-income areas, mainly in Asia. However, this scenario is changing and the population at risk are currently expanding in relation to factors such as new eating habits in developed countries, growing international markets, improved transportation systems and demographic changes. These aspects determine the necessity of a better understanding of these parasitic diseases. Herein, we review the main features of human echinostomiasis and gastrodiscoidiasis in relation to their biology, epidemiology, immunology, clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnant people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have a higher risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes compared with pregnant people without COVID-19. In 2021, large increases in maternal mortality were reported in Jamaica, almost half of which were attributable to COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccination has been shown to reduce these risks, but low- and middle-income countries lack free, publicly available data, known as open data, on COVID-19 vaccine uptake for their pregnant populations. The objectives of this paper were to: review how high-income countries use open data to detect trends in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant people and develop vaccination distribution strategies; outline barriers to making open data available for maternal COVID-19 vaccination in the Caribbean; and propose a multipronged strategy that would increase the availability of open data on maternal COVID-19 vaccination in the Caribbean. A multipronged strategy to fill the data void would involve: (i) utilizing existing Caribbean maternal immunization data collection entities; (ii) adapting digital software tools to establish maternal electronic immunization registries; and (iii) collaborating with local partners skilled in data analytics. Making open data available for COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant people in the Caribbean could offer substantial benefits, including the development of measurable maternal COVID-19 vaccination goals and the facilitation of vaccine decision-making discussions between providers and pregnant people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The U.S. and Europe run the risk of replicating the experience of Japan and need to undertake forceful fiscal, monetary and structural policies, former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers said in a new research report. "The developed world is at risk of mirroring the experience of Japan, whereby the very low equilibrium rate of interest appears to be a semi-permanent feature", Summers and Rachel wrote in a paper to be presented on Thursday at the Brookings Institution in Washington. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Autonomous University Madrid compares the economic resilience of industries and regions during the last four decades, including the 1990s, the Great Recession in 2007, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The study examines the role of productive structure and sectoral specialization in explaining regional behaviors during crises. The research finds that economic specialization has influenced the recovery of certain regions, although the results are limited to six sectors and may not apply to all regions. The study provides a long-term comparison of the causes and effects of major crises in Spanish regions and introduces specialization as a factor in regional resilience. [Extracted from the article]

In 2021, according to the Russian Internal Affairs Ministry, 9.7 million Central Asian citizens officially migrated to the Russian Federation. Last year, Russia and Uzbekistan began piloting a program that would enable prospective migrants to undergo the multi-step process to obtain a work permit in Russia while still in Uzbekistan, considerably easing the burden and risks of migrating. [Extracted from the article]

The authors discuss their experience of metal detecting in several locations in central Mexico and southwestern Virginia and mentions that by the early 19th century, U.S. was undergoing a transformation from an agrarian to an industrial society.

(Bloomberg Opinion) -- Climate Change's Policy Fix Has a Short-Term Cost: Mark Buchanan In the research paper, published in Nature Climate Change, scientists compared estimates of how either climate change or a strong carbon tax would affect the global population at risk of hunger. Uncertainties aside, the researchers' best guess is that on the matter of food security, climate change would be bad, but a carbon tax big enough to reduce emissions significantly could actually be worse. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Volkswirtschaft is the property of State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To fix that problem - which is partly a result of the expectation that women will take on most of the family child care - Willamette University professor Keith Cunningham-Parmeter argues we need to give American men a bonus. This so-called "fatherhood bonus" is necessary because men won't take time off to be with new children otherwise, Cunningham-Parmeter argues. Most employers are quietly setting an expiration date on the career progress of every single woman in the office, says the paper, in what amounts to "maternal profiling" of double-X-chromosomes young and old. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the School of Nursing discusses the strategies employed by developed countries to facilitate the transition of internationally qualified nurses' specialty skills into clinical practice. The research highlights the challenges faced by internationally qualified nurses in utilizing their specialty skills in their new countries of practice. The study conducted an integrative review to identify common themes, patterns, and best practices in order to inform policy development and improve the successful integration of internationally qualified nurses into the healthcare systems of developed countries. The research concludes that there is a need for further research in this area to better utilize the abilities of internationally qualified nurses, especially in the context of a global pandemic. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Volkswirtschaft is the property of State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Efforts to improve education outcomes often involve lengthening the school day or the school year in hopes that spending more time in school will boost student learning. Yet, as Frederick Hess explains, U.S. students spend as much or more total time in school as their peers in other industrialized nations. What matters more than the amount of time is how that time is used. Although research into time usage at school is limited, existing studies have shown that much time spent in school time does not involve actual learning time, either because of interruptions or other non-learning activities or because students are not engaged. Hess suggests that, before adding time to the school day or year, it's important to understand what schools are doing with their time, rethink their routines, and seek to ensure that they are using time wisely and well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on size and development of the global shadow economy and several methods for estimating the size of the shadow economy of highly developed countries. Topics discussed include methods such as microeconomic approaches, indicator approaches and transactions approaches, size and development of shadow economy of countries such as the U.S., Switzerland and Canada over the period of 2003–2016, and incentive-oriented measures to reduce the size of a shadow economy.

A report from the University of Toronto discusses the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on developed countries, using Canada as an example. The research examines the effects on the labor market, employment, unemployment, and consumer consumption. The study concludes that the pandemic has significantly impacted developed countries, with noticeable effects on national GDP, unemployment rates, and the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The report provides insights into the economic consequences of the pandemic in developed countries. [Extracted from the article]

The relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth has become a prominent topic in recent decades, increasing multidisciplinary approaches across a wide range of studies. Analyzing the economy-environment nexus is significant because most countries attempt to limit environmental deterioration while pursuing economic growth. This paper studies the non-linear cross-correlations between economic growth and environmental degradation on a sample of five developed European countries - France, Germany, Spain, Norway, and the United Kingdom. The study is performed using two approaches: multifractal detrended cross-correlation analysis and wavelet-based analysis. According to the empirical tests, there are non-linear cross-correlations between economic growth and environmental degradation in all five countries. For each country, multifractal metrics such as Hurst exponents, scaling exponents, and multifractal spectra are computed to show the significance of all time-series pairs. The strongest multifractal features have been observed in France, Norway, and Spain. Shuffling the series suggests that multifractality in the cross-correlations arises both from a broad probability density function and from different long-term correlations. Wavelets are applied to detrend all data sets before computing the cross-correlation. Moreover, the wavelet coherence is computed as a measure for analyzing interdependencies across time and frequencies. Except for France and Spain, Wavelet-detrended cross-correlation values are considerably lower than cross-correlation values of the raw data sets, which indicates that the interdependence between growth and environmental degradation is rather long-term. In terms of wavelet coherence, results vary among the countries, with France and Spain showing the highest and most persistent coherence values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Bloomberg View) -- Learning to Live in a Low Rate World: Barry Ritholtz Chart Are all the EU member states piggybacking on Germany's credit? If the Federal Reserve has sucked up so much fixed income paper that rates have become distorted, why are yields higher in the U.S. than in Europe?. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) explores the relationship between inflammation and chronic diseases such as diabetes. The research suggests that inflammation is a key factor in understanding the impact of social and environmental factors on health. The study contrasts previous models that focused on social signals with a new perspective that emphasizes the role of chronic inflammation in the body. The findings highlight the importance of considering the metabolic and psychosocial conditions that contribute to inflammatory states and health disparities. [Extracted from the article]

We flatten the money curve and start building toward frictionless money flows. Making money off of money is a little bit of magic. Was it in the Middle Ages, when the goldsmiths who were storing money for folks in their vaults realized they could crib a bit and issue receipts for money they didn't actually have in the vaults? In his marvelous book The Structures of Everyday Life: Civilization and Capitalism 15th-18th Century, historian Fernand Braudel wrote of the gradual insinuation of the money economy into the lives of medieval peasants: "What did it actually bring?. [Extracted from the article]

Substantial advances have been achieved in various aspects of debris-flow hazard assessments over the past decade. These advances include sophisticated ways to date previous events, two- and three-dimensional runout models including multi-phase flows and debris entrainment options, and applications of extreme value statistics to assemble frequency–magnitude analyses. Pertinent questions have remained the same: How often, how big, how fast, how deep, how intense, and how far? Similarly, although major life loss attributable to debris flows can often, but not always, be avoided in developed nations, debris flows remain one of the principal geophysical killers in mountainous terrains. Substantial differences in debris-flow hazard persist between nations. Some rely on a design magnitude associated with a specific return period; others use relationships between intensity and frequency; and some allow for, but do not mandate, in-depth quantitative risk assessments. Differences exist in the management of debris-flow risks, from highly sophisticated and nation-wide applied protocols to retroaction in which catastrophic debris flows occur before they are considered for mitigation. Two factors conspire to challenge future generations of debrisflow researchers, practitioners, and decision makers: Population growth and climate change, which are increasingly manifested by augmenting hydroclimatic extremes. While researchers will undoubtedly finesse future remote sensing, dating, and runout techniques and models, practitioners will need to focus on translating those advances into practical cost-efficient tools and integrating those tools into long-term debris-flow risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new report from Columbia University examines inequalities in resources for preschool-age children based on parental education in six advanced industrialized countries: the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Netherlands, and Japan. The study analyzes two types of resources for young children - family income and center-based child care - and uses two measures of parental education. The research suggests that social policy plays a role in moderating the influence of parental education on resources for children. The study provides systematic evidence on how resources for young children vary depending on parents' education and the extent to which social policies buffer these inequalities. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of CFA Newsletter is the property of Commonwealth Forestry Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Three central banks from the Group of 20 developed nations have expressed interest in underwriting a special-purpose vehicle that would allow African countries to reduce their immediate debt burden without the risk of default, according to a United Nations body. Why There's a Looming Debt Crisis in Emerging Markets: QuickTake The potential debt exchange is similar to the 1980s Brady plan that converted bank loans mostly owed by Latin American countries into new securities backed by U.S. Treasuries. [Extracted from the article]

• We propose fractional permutation entropy and fractional Jensen–Shannon divergence to analyze financial time series. • Through establishing entropy plane, we can distinguish different time series and get an ideal result. • We expand the fractional entropy to multiscale and gain multiscale fractional permutation entropy and multiscale fractional Jensen–Shannon divergence. • We explore the relationship between multiscale entropy and find it is very regular under different scales. Permutation entropy (PE) has been proposed to reflect the complexity of time series in recent years, and it has a wide range of applications. In this paper, we extend PE to the fractional order through the parameter α , and then obtain fractional permutation entropy (FPE). FPE can increase the sensitivity of the complex system by adjusting the fractional order. We combine FPE with fractional Jensen–Shannon divergence (FJSD) to construct the entropy plane and discover that the entropy plane can classify various time series. In particular, it can distinguish the stock indices of developing countries and developed countries. We introduce FPE and FJSD to multiscale, and gain multiscale fractional permutation entropy (MFPE) and multiscale fractional Jensen–Shannon divergence (MFJSD). We employ simulated data and financial stock data to explore the relationship of MFPE and MFJSD under different scales, and the results show that some data are similar to direct proportion relationship and others data are sharply increasing curves, which portrays the internal mechanism of the stock market excellently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclospora cayetanensis , a coccidian parasite that causes protracted and relapsing gastroenteritis, has a short recorded history. At least 54 countries have documented C. cayetanensis infections and 13 of them have recorded cyclosporiasis outbreaks. Cyclospora cayetanensis infections are commonly reported in developing countries with low-socioeconomic levels or in endemic areas, although large outbreaks have also been documented in developed countries. The overall C. cayetanensis prevalence in humans worldwide is 3.55%. Among susceptible populations, the highest prevalence has been documented in immunocompetent individuals with diarrhea. Infections are markedly seasonal, occurring in the rainy season or summer. Cyclospora cayetanensis or Cyclospora -like organisms have also been detected in food, water, soil and some other animals. Detection methods based on oocyst morphology, staining and molecular testing have been developed. Treatment with trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) effectively cures C. cayetanensis infection, whereas ciprofloxacin is less effective than TMP–SMX, but is suitable for patients who cannot tolerate co-trimoxazole. Here, we review the biological characteristics, clinical features, epidemiology, detection methods and treatment of C. cayetanensis in humans, and assess some risk factors for infection with this pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent study conducted by the China Meat Research Center examined the changes in China's imported food sources and their impact on food safety. The study found that while developed countries and regions have historically been the main source of imported food for China, there has been a growing importance placed on countries along the 'Belt and Road' (B&R). The proportion of imported foods from developed countries and regions has decreased, while that from countries along the B&R has increased. The study also highlighted that the prevention and control level of microbial, animal, and plant diseases in countries along the B&R is weaker compared to developed countries and regions. However, developed countries and regions still have advantages in providing high-grade food and may continue to play an important role in China's imported food trade in the future. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights for China in addressing the challenges brought by the diversification of imported food sources. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation discusses the relationship between the quality of modern entrepreneurship and the quality of labor, profit, and life. The research uses various methods, such as sampling and comparison, to analyze these factors. The study finds that developed countries differ significantly from developing countries in terms of citizens' quality of life, which impacts purchasing power and entrepreneurship. The report proposes ways to optimize the balance between the quality of profit, life, and labor. For more information, the full article can be accessed through the International Journal for Quality Research. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Debre Markos University in Ethiopia discusses the trends, prospects, and challenges of cucumber production in the country. While Ethiopia has the potential for cucumber cultivation, the production has been low and has not kept up with the increasing health risks and malnutrition problems in the country. The research emphasizes the need for government commitment and participation to improve cucumber production and maximize yields. The report suggests that Ethiopia can learn from the experiences of developed nations in this regard. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of Lisbon examines the short to medium-term economic impact of previous pandemics in 170 countries from 2000 to 2018. The research finds that pandemics have had a significant and persistent negative effect on output, with a decrease of over 2% after 5 years. The impact varies across income groups, with more developed countries experiencing a larger negative impact on investment. The study also highlights the importance of fiscal space in mitigating the economic impact of pandemics. The findings of this research can inform policymakers about the potential economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of fiscal preparedness. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Harbin University of Commerce in China explores the effectiveness of anthropomorphic communication on country-of-origin stereotypes. The study finds that anthropomorphic communication has positive effects on reducing negative stereotypes for developing countries, but not for developed countries. The perceived social presence mediates the relationship between anthropomorphic communication and stereotypes in developing countries, but this effect is not as apparent in developed countries. The research provides insights for businesses in developing countries to use anthropomorphic strategies to improve international competitiveness and suggests caution for companies in developed countries when adopting anthropomorphic communication strategies. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents the vision and views of Kevin Rudd as his profile in 2020. Topics include Rudd would finally drag Australia into a cosmopolitan, economically rational, creative and Asia-focused future; Rudd had defeated Howard and apologised to the Stolen Generations as a first priority on taking office; and Overseas, Barack Obama was beginning his campaign for the Democratic Party.

Living standards in emerging economies will deteriorate more than in developed countries under a landscape of rising import tariffs, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and this will have implications for demand growth across metal commodities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Sousse; Tunisia; Economic Growth; Health and Medicine; Infectious Diseases and Conditions EN Sousse Tunisia Economic Growth Health and Medicine Infectious Diseases and Conditions 1290 1290 1 04/24/23 20230428 NES 230428 2023 APR 28 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Data detailed on Infectious Diseases and Conditions have been presented. Keywords for this news article include: Sousse, Tunisia, Economic Growth, Health and Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Conditions, University of Sousse. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Bentley; Australia; Australia and New Zealand; Diet and Nutrition; Food Bank; Health and Medicine EN Bentley Australia Australia and New Zealand Diet and Nutrition Food Bank Health and Medicine 16 16 1 04/03/23 20230406 NES 230406 2023 APR 6 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Food Weekly News -- New research on Diet and Nutrition is the subject of a report. Keywords for this news article include: Bentley, Food Bank, Diet and Nutrition, Health and Medicine, Australia and New Zealand. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Geneva; Switzerland; Europe; Economic Analysis; Economics; Economic Growth EN Geneva Switzerland Europe Economic Analysis Economics Economic Growth 1335 1335 1 04/03/23 20230404 NES 230404 2023 APR 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Medical Letter on the CDC & FDA -- New research on Economics - Economic Analysis is the subject of a report. Finally, non-resource tax revenue instability exerts a higher negative effect on non-resource tax revenue share as economic growth volatility rises, inflation volatility increases and terms of trade instability increases. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents the author's perspectives on the rapid and startling success of the American outlook after the Union victory of the Civil War. He mentions that the U.S. had surrendered its world-shaping way of life by the 21st century and thrown into permanent war scenario and Anglo-American casino economy. He states that the leading nations of 2015 are moving to a cooperative and peaceful order, resuming the old American strategy for human development.

(Bloomberg) -- President Joe Biden said his administrationwill donate another 17 million doses of Johnson & Johnson'scoronavirus vaccine to the African Union, after criticismthat the U.S. hasn't been more generous. Biden made the announcement at a meeting Thursday withKenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta at the White House. [Extracted from the article]

The author reflects on the opinion of ophthalmologists Dr. V.K. Raju on the condition of diabetic retinopathy. The author states that Raju claims that the prospect of mass blindness even in developed nations could become reality unless measures are taken to prevent diabetes. The author mentions that Raju bemoans that experts have been warning about the problems of diabetic neuropathy and yet little is being done to address the root causes of diabetes.