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In the presented work, we report the dielectricbehavior of epoxy–silicon oxide composites in the temperaturerange 240– 300 K, over the frequency range 10-2 Hz – 107 Hz. Themeasuring apparatus was based on the Novocontrol AlphaAnalyser and the measured data were analyzed and interpretedusing the Havriliak – Negami equation. The master curves of thereal part of permittivity and the dielectric loss number wereobtained by time–temperature superposition principle, and theresults showed that the nano-composite had a much higher lossfactor. Through the analysis of the origin of the dielectric responsein epoxy/silica composite, the reason for the different dielectricrelaxation behaviors of the nano-composite, and the pure epoxywas discussed.

In the presented work, we report the dielectricbehavior of epoxy–silicon oxide composites in the temperaturerange 240– 300 K, over the frequency range 10-2 Hz – 107 Hz. Themeasuring apparatus was based on the Novocontrol AlphaAnalyser and the measured data were analyzed and interpretedusing the Havriliak – Negami equation. The master curves of thereal part of permittivity and the dielectric loss number wereobtained by time–temperature superposition principle, and theresults showed that the nano-composite had a much higher lossfactor. Through the analysis of the origin of the dielectric responsein epoxy/silica composite, the reason for the different dielectricrelaxation behaviors of the nano-composite, and the pure epoxywas discussed.

In the presented work, we report the dielectricbehavior of epoxy–silicon oxide composites in the temperaturerange 240– 300 K, over the frequency range 10-2 Hz – 107 Hz. Themeasuring apparatus was based on the Novocontrol AlphaAnalyser and the measured data were analyzed and interpretedusing the Havriliak – Negami equation. The master curves of thereal part of permittivity and the dielectric loss number wereobtained by time–temperature superposition principle, and theresults showed that the nano-composite had a much higher lossfactor. Through the analysis of the origin of the dielectric responsein epoxy/silica composite, the reason for the different dielectricrelaxation behaviors of the nano-composite, and the pure epoxywas discussed.

In the presented work, we report the dielectricbehavior of epoxy–silicon oxide composites in the temperaturerange 240– 300 K, over the frequency range 10-2 Hz – 107 Hz. Themeasuring apparatus was based on the Novocontrol AlphaAnalyser and the measured data were analyzed and interpretedusing the Havriliak – Negami equation. The master curves of thereal part of permittivity and the dielectric loss number wereobtained by time–temperature superposition principle, and theresults showed that the nano-composite had a much higher lossfactor. Through the analysis of the origin of the dielectric responsein epoxy/silica composite, the reason for the different dielectricrelaxation behaviors of the nano-composite, and the pure epoxywas discussed.

Polymeric nanocomposites are the materials incorporating nanosized inclusions into the polymer matrixes. The result of the addition of nanoparticles/fibers is a drastic improvement in properties that may include mechanical, electrical, thermal conductivity, or even the acoustical properties. Polymer nanocomposites have spawned huge interest for the development of high-performance products such as lightweight sensors, thin-film capacitors, batteries, flame retardant products, biodegradable and biocompatible materials, and so on. The field of polymer nanocomposites has been at the forefront of research in the polymer community for the past few decades and an extremely large number of scientific papers have been published. Nevertheless, application-oriented guidelines for selecting the ecofriendly nanocomposites for advanced industrial applications are missing in the state of the art. This review article summarizes the current state-of-the-art polymeric nanocomposites, highlighting prominent nanofillers categorized based on their applications, origins, dimensional characteristics, and so on. Each filler type contains a short description of its main feature together with the most relevant and potential applications. To address the global concern about nondegradable wastes, novel green alternatives of each nanofiller type are discussed. Special attention is also given to the biocompatibility properties of the composites. This study provides a state-of-the-art road map to select multifunctional polymeric nanocomposites from huge varieties for advanced industrial applications.

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based piezoelectric materials (PEMs) have found extensive applications in energy harvesting which are being extended consistently to diverse fields requiring strenuous service conditions. Hence, there is a pressing need to mass produce PVDF-based PEMs with the highest possible energy harvesting ability under a given set of conditions. To achieve high yield and efficiency, solution blow spinning (SBS) technique is attracting a lot of interest due to its operational simplicity and high throughput. SBS is arguably still in its infancy when the objective is to mass produce high efficiency PVDF-based PEMs. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the critical parameters regarding design and processing of SBS is essential. The key objective of this review is to critically analyze the key aspects of SBS to produce high efficiency PVDF-based PEMs. As piezoelectric properties of neat PVDF are not intrinsically much significant, various additives are commonly incorporated to enhance its piezoelectricity. Therefore, PVDF-based copolymers and nanocomposites are also included in this review. We discuss both theoretical and experimental results regarding SBS process parameters such as solvents, dissolution methods, feed rate, viscosity, air pressure and velocity, and nozzle design. Morphological features and mechanical properties of PVDF-based nanofibers were also discussed and important applications have been presented. For completeness, key findings from electrospinning were also included. At the end, some insights are given to better direct the efforts in the field of PVDF-based PEMs using SBS technique.

Nanomechanical properties and interphase dimensions of PVA bionanocomposites reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and Cloisite 30B montmorillonite (MMT) were evaluated by means of peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM). A three-phase theoretical composite model was established based on hard-core–soft-shell structures consisting of hard mono-/polydispersed anisotropic particles and soft interphase and matrices. Halpin-Tsai model and Mori-Tanaka model were employed to predict experimentally determined tensile moduli of PVA bionanocomposites where effective volume fraction of randomly oriented nanoparticles resulted from the inclusion of interphase properties and volume fractions. Overall, it was suggested that the estimation of elastic modulus according to effective volume fraction of nanoparticles revealed better agreement with experimental data as opposed to that based upon their nominal volume fraction. In particular, the use of polydispersed HNTs and Cloisite 30B MMT clays with Fuller particulate gradation was proven to yield the best prediction when compared with experimental data among all proposed theoretical models. This study overcomes the neglected real interphase characteristics in modelling nanocomposite materials with much more accurate estimation of their mechanical properties.

Underwater adhesion represents a huge technological challenge as the presence of water compromises the performance of most commercially available adhesives. Inspired by natural organisms, we have designed an adhesive based on complex coacervation, a liquid-liquid phase separation phenomenon. A complex coacervate adhesive is formed by mixing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes bearing pendant thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) chains. The material fully sets underwater due to a change in the environmental conditions, namely temperature and ionic strength. In this work, we incorporate silica nanoparticles forming a hybrid complex coacervate and investigate the resulting mechanical properties. An enhancement of the mechanical properties is observed below the PNIPAM lower critical solution temperature (LCST): this is due to the formation of PNIPAM-silica junctions, which, after setting, contribute to a moderate increase in the moduli and in the adhesive properties only when applying an ionic strength gradient. By contrast, when raising the temperature above the LCST, the mechanical properties are dominated by the association of PNIPAM chains and the nanofiller incorporation leads to an increased heterogeneity with the formation of fracture planes at the interface between areas of different concentrations of nanoparticles, promoting earlier failure of the network-an unexpected and noteworthy consequence of this hybrid system.

This work is focused on high aspect ratio nanometric fillers for rubber compounds. Their ability to establish stable interaction with the rubber matrix is discussed. An sp2 carbon allotrope such as a high surface area graphite and a clay, such as sepiolite, are then in particular considered. It is shown how their chemical functionalization can promote the interaction with the polymer chains and positively affect the compounds’ properties., This work is focused on high aspect ratio nanometric fillers for rubber compounds. Their ability to establish stable interaction with the rubber matrix is discussed. An sp2 carbon allotrope such as a high surface area graphite and a clay, such as sepiolite, are then in particular considered. It is shown how their chemical functionalization can promote the interaction with the polymer chains and positively affect the compounds’ properties.

Reinforcing fillers used for tyres applications often consist in aggregates made of a few tens to a few hundreds of primary particles. Experiments show that mechanical properties depend crucially on the complex shape of fillers, as well as on their spatial distribution. We show that the distribution state of the fillers is key for controlling the reinforcement at high temperature. We also study the effect of filler morphologies and compare reinforcement properties of aggregates of identical overall diameter but made of different numbers of primary particles of various sizes. The number of these primary particles (and also their diameters) vary from one particle ("aggregates" are spheres) to 40 articles (fractal aggregates). We show a strong effect of filler morphology on reinforcement. Fractal aggregates allow for obtaining stronger reinforcement than spherical particles. Our model opens the path for the development of systems with tailored properties by tuning the filler distribution state and morphology, Reinforcing fillers used for tyres applications often consist in aggregates made of a few tens to a few hundreds of primary particles. Experiments show that mechanical properties depend crucially on the complex shape of fillers, as well as on their spatial distribution. We show that the distribution state of the fillers is key for controlling the reinforcement at high temperature. We also study the effect of filler morphologies and compare reinforcement properties of aggregates of identical overall diameter but made of different numbers of primary particles of various sizes. The number of these primary particles (and also their diameters) vary from one particle ("aggregates" are spheres) to 40 articles (fractal aggregates). We show a strong effect of filler morphology on reinforcement. Fractal aggregates allow for obtaining stronger reinforcement than spherical particles. Our model opens the path for the development of systems with tailored properties by tuning the filler distribution state and morphology

authors did not provide an abstract, authors did not provide an abstract

Waste from non-degradable plastics is becoming an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, more and more research focuses on the development of materials with biodegradable properties. Bio-polymers are excellent raw materials for the production of such materials. Bio-based biopolymer films reinforced with nanostructures have become an interesting area of research. Nanocomposite films are a group of materials that mainly consist of bio-based natural (e.g., chitosan, starch) and synthetic (e.g., poly(lactic acid)) polymers and nanofillers (clay, organic, inorganic, or carbon nanostructures), with different properties. The interaction between environmentally friendly biopolymers and nanofillers leads to the improved functionality of nanocomposite materials. Depending on the properties of nanofillers, new or improved properties of nanocomposites can be obtained such as: barrier properties, improved mechanical strength, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties or thermal stability. This review compiles information about biopolymers used as the matrix for the films with nanofillers as the active agents. Particular emphasis has been placed on the influence of nanofillers on functional properties of biopolymer films and their possible use within the food industry and food packaging systems. The possible applications of those nanocomposite films within other industries (medicine, drug and chemical industry, tissue engineering) is also briefly summarized.

Waste from non-degradable plastics is becoming an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, more and more research focuses on the development of materials with biodegradable properties. Bio-polymers are excellent raw materials for the production of such materials. Bio-based biopolymer films reinforced with nanostructures have become an interesting area of research. Nanocomposite films are a group of materials that mainly consist of bio-based natural (e.g., chitosan, starch) and synthetic (e.g., poly(lactic acid)) polymers and nanofillers (clay, organic, inorganic, or carbon nanostructures), with different properties. The interaction between environmentally friendly biopolymers and nanofillers leads to the improved functionality of nanocomposite materials. Depending on the properties of nanofillers, new or improved properties of nanocomposites can be obtained such as: barrier properties, improved mechanical strength, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties or thermal stability. This review compiles information about biopolymers used as the matrix for the films with nanofillers as the active agents. Particular emphasis has been placed on the influence of nanofillers on functional properties of biopolymer films and their possible use within the food industry and food packaging systems. The possible applications of those nanocomposite films within other industries (medicine, drug and chemical industry, tissue engineering) is also briefly summarized.

Waste from non-degradable plastics is becoming an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, more and more research focuses on the development of materials with biodegradable properties. Bio-polymers are excellent raw materials for the production of such materials. Bio-based biopolymer films reinforced with nanostructures have become an interesting area of research. Nanocomposite films are a group of materials that mainly consist of bio-based natural (e.g., chitosan, starch) and synthetic (e.g., poly(lactic acid)) polymers and nanofillers (clay, organic, inorganic, or carbon nanostructures), with different properties. The interaction between environmentally friendly biopolymers and nanofillers leads to the improved functionality of nanocomposite materials. Depending on the properties of nanofillers, new or improved properties of nanocomposites can be obtained such as: barrier properties, improved mechanical strength, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties or thermal stability. This review compiles information about biopolymers used as the matrix for the films with nanofillers as the active agents. Particular emphasis has been placed on the influence of nanofillers on functional properties of biopolymer films and their possible use within the food industry and food packaging systems. The possible applications of those nanocomposite films within other industries (medicine, drug and chemical industry, tissue engineering) is also briefly summarized.

Waste from non-degradable plastics is becoming an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, more and more research focuses on the development of materials with biodegradable properties. Bio-polymers are excellent raw materials for the production of such materials. Bio-based biopolymer films reinforced with nanostructures have become an interesting area of research. Nanocomposite films are a group of materials that mainly consist of bio-based natural (e.g., chitosan, starch) and synthetic (e.g., poly(lactic acid)) polymers and nanofillers (clay, organic, inorganic, or carbon nanostructures), with different properties. The interaction between environmentally friendly biopolymers and nanofillers leads to the improved functionality of nanocomposite materials. Depending on the properties of nanofillers, new or improved properties of nanocomposites can be obtained such as: barrier properties, improved mechanical strength, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties or thermal stability. This review compiles information about biopolymers used as the matrix for the films with nanofillers as the active agents. Particular emphasis has been placed on the influence of nanofillers on functional properties of biopolymer films and their possible use within the food industry and food packaging systems. The possible applications of those nanocomposite films within other industries (medicine, drug and chemical industry, tissue engineering) is also briefly summarized.

Due to their excellent specific mechanical properties, composites are becoming more and more popular in many applications. In some cases, composites are used in harsh environment and the performance of the composites is heavily affected by relative surroundings, like moisture and heat. As a result, it is important to understand the degradation mechanism of composites in hygrothermal environment and improve the damage tolerance of composites. In this chapter, the fundamental knowledge of hygrothermal mechanism of moisture and temperature has been identified. Hygrothermal effects on mechanical properties of polymer matrix, fibers, and composites have been reviewed in details. Functions of nanofillers and surface treatments in hygrothermal environment have also been discussed. To sum up, the present chapter has emphasized the existed challenges of hygrothermal effects on composites and tried to reach a concise point from contradictory understandings.

Electrically conductive plastic composites are developed to overcome the major shortcomings of naturally conductive polymers. Conductive plastic composites combine the properties of metals with the polymers. But the state of-the-art conductive plastics available in the market are also characterized by the short comings for example, the low electrical conductivity compared with the standard metallic conductors. This low conductivity of the materials is the bottleneck for many fascinating applications of the composites where they can provide lot of process and design related advantages. The work presented here attempts to overcome this short coming of the conductive composites by developing hybrid composites to enhance the conductivity network inside the polymer matrix. It discusses the on-going work on the development of the composite based on metal graphenehybrid system. The production and properties of novel composites based on Polyamide 6,Graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) and Cu fibers are discussed. The mechanical, electrical, and thermalproperties of the produced hybrid composites are studied. The influences of the factors like filler contents, filler characteristics, annealing etc. on the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the composites are presented. The presentation discusses the underlying mechanisms responsible for the modulation inthe properties of the hybrid composites. Experimental work shows that the combination of GNPs and metallic micro fillers leads to significant improvements in thermal and electrical conductivities. To some extent GNPs acts as conductive bridges in minuscule gaps of the Cu fibers to increase the number of contacts in the constructed network. The combination of the two different fillers increased the mechanical properties up to 133 % compared to the metal reinforced composites indicating stronger interfaces between the fillers fillers and polymer matrix. Rheological investigations also confirm the effectiveness of hybri

type:Journal Article, In this paper the propagation of electrical treeing in nanodielectrics using the DIMET (Dielectric Inhomogeneity Model for Electrical Treeing) is studied. The DIMET is a model which simulates the growth of electrical treeing based on theory of Cellular Automata. Epoxy/glass nanocomposites are used as samples between a needle-plane electrode arrangement. The diameter of nanofillers is 100 nm. The electric treeing, which starts from the needle electrode, is examined. The treeing growth seems to be stopped by the nanofillers. The latter act as elementary barriers to the treeing propagation., source:https://doi.org/10.2478/v10187-010-0018-3

In the oil and gas field, seals may be exposed to rapid gas decompression (RGD). This phenomenon causes damages in elastomer seals (blisters, fractures...) leading to leaks in the system. Many studies have already been performed on this subject enabling to set up standard specifications to qualify seals in specific environments (Pressure, Temperature...). This paper emphasizes the complementarity of using different test methods to classify and study the behaviour of elastomeric seals. In the present study, both NACE-TM-192-098 and TOTAL-GS-EP-PVV-142-rev.-5 specifications have been applied on 8 different materials compounded with or without nanofillers. A classification based on observed damages after both test procedures application has been defined. Even if the TOTAL specification appears to be more severe, a correlation between these two classifications is observed. Thanks to this method, a first selection of materials with a lighter experimental procedure is possible. It can be used to optimize the number of samples tested with the TOTAL specification, which involves more representative conditions of the operating conditions. This paper also highlights the positive impact of nanofillers addition in the elastomer matrices, on the RGD resistance., In the oil and gas field, seals may be exposed to rapid gas decompression (RGD). This phenomenon causes damages in elastomer seals (blisters, fractures...) leading to leaks in the system. Many studies have already been performed on this subject enabling to set up standard specifications to qualify seals in specific environments (Pressure, Temperature...). This paper emphasizes the complementarity of using different test methods to classify and study the behaviour of elastomeric seals. In the present study, both NACE-TM-192-098 and TOTAL-GS-EP-PVV-142-rev.-5 specifications have been applied on 8 different materials compounded with or without nanofillers. A classification based on observed damages after both test procedures application has been defined. Even if the TOTAL specification appears to be more severe, a correlation between these two classifications is observed. Thanks to this method, a first selection of materials with a lighter experimental procedure is possible. It can be used to optimize the number of samples tested with the TOTAL specification, which involves more representative conditions of the operating conditions. This paper also highlights the positive impact of nanofillers addition in the elastomer matrices, on the RGD resistance.

Rubbers have been used for various products including tires, belts, sealing, and insulating, etc. Conventional fillers like carbon black (CB) and silica are widely used as reinforcing fillers for most of the rubbers, since they can provide enhanced rubber-filler interactions, namely bound rubber. Recently couple of carbon-based nanofillers, notably carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (G), and nanodiamonds (ND), have been suggested as the reinforcing filler in various rubber matrices. The CNTs are reported to show relatively weak interaction with an elastomeric matrix. Thus, their reinforcing efficiency could be quite different from that of traditional CBs. A direct examination and finite element analysis (FEA) of the adhesion of CNT bundles to a rubber matrix are made with and without surface treatment of CNT surfaces. For comparing the reinforcing efficiency of filler with different shape, a similar measurement is carried for a sheet-like filler, G., Rubbers have been used for various products including tires, belts, sealing, and insulating, etc. Conventional fillers like carbon black (CB) and silica are widely used as reinforcing fillers for most of the rubbers, since they can provide enhanced rubber-filler interactions, namely bound rubber. Recently couple of carbon-based nanofillers, notably carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (G), and nanodiamonds (ND), have been suggested as the reinforcing filler in various rubber matrices. The CNTs are reported to show relatively weak interaction with an elastomeric matrix. Thus, their reinforcing efficiency could be quite different from that of traditional CBs. A direct examination and finite element analysis (FEA) of the adhesion of CNT bundles to a rubber matrix are made with and without surface treatment of CNT surfaces. For comparing the reinforcing efficiency of filler with different shape, a similar measurement is carried for a sheet-like filler, G.

Castor oil polyols (COLs) have been synthesized from glycolyzed oligoester polyol in order to produce waterborne polyurethane (WPU)/silica hybrid dispersions. Soft drinks poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottles were depolymerized by glycolysis with different molar ratio of poly(ethylene glycol) ( PEG 400), in the presence of zinc acetate as catalyst. The obtained glycolyzed products were reacted with castor oil (CO) to attain castor oil polyols by the process of transesterification. Five castor oil polyols were used with hydroxyl values of 255, 275, 326, 366 and 426 mg KOH g(-1). Several castor oil-based, polyurethane/ silica hybrid dispersions having soft segment content of 39.6% to 28.2% and two concentrations of SiO2 nanoparticles (0.5 and 1.0) have been prepared. The incorporation effect of SiO2 nanoparticles into the PU matrix and the hydroxyl functionality of the COLs on the thermal and mechanical properties of resulting polyurethane films has been examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) and measurement of the mechanical properties. The degree of phase separation (DPS) between oxide nanoparticles and hard segment, and particle size in the polyurethane, depends to some extent on nanosilica content and the hydroxyl functionality of the polyols employed in the polyurethane preparation process. Thermal stability of obtained hybrid materials depends on the hydroxyl functionality of the COLs and nanosilica content. The T-10 and T-50% (the temperature where 10 and 50% weight loss occurred) of WPU films decreased with the rise of OH functionality of castor oil polyols, caused by the increase of hard segment content. Glass transition temperature increased with increasing OH functionality and SiO2 content. The hardness, adhesion and gloss quality of the polyurethane films were also determined with a view to assessing the effect of mole ra

As the global supply of petrochemicals diminishes, the polymer industry will need to incorporate renewable resources into the production process. Acrylated expoxidized soybean oil, a modified plant oil, is one possible candidate for use as a monomer in plastics. When polymerized alone, AESO creates a fairly unusable polymer, with poor physical and material properties. To improve the properties, the monomer can be copolymerized with styrene and other additives and can be incorporated into a composite to further increase the usability. By using biorenewable fillers, the overall use of nonrenewable materials in the composite can be further decreased. In this research, composites consisting of a 50:50 AESO:styrene copolymer matrix and either pecan nut shell flour (PNSF), egg shell calcium (ESC), or organically modified clay (OMC) were created and their physical properties analyzed. AESO and styrene were successfully polymerized into a cohesive copolymer, with greater amounts of AESO producing copolymers that were softer and more rubbery. Higher amounts of AESO generally led to a decrease in stiffness, strength, and hardness, while increasing the flexibility. The brittleness of the material decreased as the amount of AESO increased. Thermal analysis revealed that higher AESO contents resulted in lower thermal stability and glass transition temperatures, but increased the amount of crosslinking within the copolymer. The addition of the fillers generally improved the properties of the composite. The stiffness and hardness both improved as filler content increased; however, the brittleness, strength, and flexibility all worsened. All of the fillers achieved good dispersion within the composite and maintained low particle sizes at high loadings. The fillers did not improve the thermal stability of the composite, nor did they degrade it any further. Of the fillers tested, egg shell calcium (ESC) produced the greatest improvement to the mechanical properties and could achieve

4403, open, In last decade, “Nanofillers” have been explored extensively in rubber compounds to improve dynamic-mechanical properties. Three classes of nanofillers: Clay minerals, Carbon nanoTubes and Graphitic nanofillers have been often used. Most recently, an attention towards “graphene” as nanofiller was reported due to its exceptional mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. In present Ph.D. thesis, different types of commercially available “few layer graphene” were explored in both apolar and polar diene rubbers. These nanofillers were dispersed with melt mixing technique which is most suitable technology for industrial applications, such as for tires. Structural-morphological characteristics of the nanofillers were made with SEM, TEM, XRD and static adsorption isotherms. Features such as shape anisotropy, number of graphene layers in a stack, BET surface area, surface activity and porosity of nanofillers were obtained. Optical microscopy was employed to obtain filler dispersion index and estimation of filler’s aggregates, agglomerates. Dynamic mechanical properties of the rubber compounds were made with rheometric curves for scorch and curing time, rheological properties through RPA (strain sweep and frequency sweep) for viscoelastic properties and filler networking, stress-strain for tensile strength and multi-hysteresis cycles for energy dissipation, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis for high and low temperature properties, hardness of compound for processing features and tear strength tests for compound durability. The electrical properties of rubber compounds were investigated via dielectric AC conductivity and permittivity tests. Epoxidation of diene rubbers (low rate, <10%) was obtained to investigate the effects of presence of epoxy functional groups along polymer chains on filler networking, polymer-filler interactions, filler dispersion and dynamic mechanical properties of rubber compounds. Quantitative analysis of epoxidation, rate of epoxidation and it, No, embargoed_20170710, Kumar, Kumar, V

Polymer electrolyte films based on poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) mixed with LiTFSI salt in different compositions were synthesized and investigated as electrolytes for lithium ion batteries, where the ionic conductivity is the most interesting material property. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and DSC were used to measure the ionic conductivity and thermal properties, respectively. Additionally, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy were used to examine ion coordination in the material. Additives of nanosized TiO2 and powders of superionically conducting Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 were investigated as enhancers of ionic conductivity, but no positive effect could be shown. The most conductive composition was found at a [Li+]:[carbonate] ratio of 1, corresponding to a salt concentration of 74 percent by weight, which showed an ionic conductivity of 2.0 × 10–6 S cm–1 at 25 °C and 2.2 × 10–5 S cm–1 at 60 °C, whereas for even larger salt concentrations, the mechanical durability of the polymeric material was dramatically reduced, preventing use as a solid electrolyte material. Macroscopic salt crystallization was also observed for these concentrations. Ion coordination to carbonyls on the polymer chain was examined for high salt content compositions with FTIR spectroscopy, where it was found to be relatively similar between the samples, possibly indicating saturation. Moveover, with FTIR, the ion-pairing was found to increase with salt concentration. The ionic conductivity was found to be markedly lower after 7 weeks of aging of the materials with highest salt concentrations.

The resources provided by this award allowed for the development of two thermally conductive nanofillers whose production at large scale was not previously possible. These fillers, pristine graphene and functionalized boron nitride, have high thermal conductivity coupled with an extreme aspect ratio, making them strong candidates for thermally conductive composites. In the past, the insolubility of pristine graphene required the use of either graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO). While providing solubility, the oxidation also severely reduced the thermal conductivity of the material. The methods developed in the work supported by this grant allow for the use of un-oxidized and un-damaged graphene for thermal composites and include the use of a self-assembling solvent mixture and an interfacial trapping method. Boron nitride was exfoliated for the first time in large quantities. Boron nitride, unlike graphite, is electrically insulating and thus is a complimentary material to graphene. A thermal functionalization and exfoliation procedure was developed and a manuscript describing the work is currently being reviewed. Together, these new materials provide the foundation for a new class of thermally conductive composite materials. Details of the work preformed are available in the archival publications and PhD thesis supported by the award., The original document contains color images.

Pre-breakdown currents through the poly (ethylene-co-butyl acrylate) (EBA) nanocomposites filled with spherical alumina particles were studied as a function of particle coating and moisture content. The nanocomposites were prepared from a mixture of EBA formulations (13 wt% butyl acrylate groups content) and alumina powder. Two kinds of alumina nanoparticles were used: NA (25 nm in diameter) and ND (45 nm in diameter). The particles were either unmodified or surface-treated with aminopropyltriethoxy silane or octyltriethoxy silane. Two different relative humidities of air were used for conditioning the samples prior to testing: 0 % RH (dry case) and 86 % RH (samples were saturated with moisture). The pre-breakdown current measurements were performed with a DC ramp of 1.2 kV/s. Twenty samples were tested for each material formulation - ten of which were tested in dry conditions and ten were tested after conditioning in humid environment. Results were compared to the reference unfilled EBA samples. The measured currents were analyzed under the assumption of space charge limited conduction. As expected, conditioning materials in humid environment caused an increase in pre-breakdown currents. This effect was more pronounced for nanocomposite materials, while the reference unfilled material was least affected., QC 20141211

Dielectric breakdown strength of poly (ethylene-co-butyl acrylate) (EBA) nanocomposites filled with spherical alumina particles was studied as a function of particle coating, moisture content and the effective specific surface area. Two kinds of alumina nanoparticles were used: NA (25 nm in diameter) or ND (45 nm in diameter). The particles were either unmodified or surface-treated with aminopropyltriethoxy silane or octyltriethoxy silane. Two different relative humidities of air were used for conditioning the samples prior to testing: 0 % RH (dry case) and 86 % RH (samples were saturated with moisture). The dielectric breakdown strength measurements were performed with a DC ramp of 1.2 kV/s. Twenty samples were tested for each material formulation - ten of which were tested in dry conditions and ten were tested after conditioning in humid environment. Results were compared to the reference unfilled EBA samples. Applying Weibull analysis to the measured breakdown voltages indicated that the material filled with amino-coated ND particles exhibited the highest breakdown strength under dry conditions. As expected, conditioning materials in a humid environment had a negative impact on breakdown strength. This effect was more pronounced for nanocomposite materials, compared to the unfilled reference material., QC 20141211

The article deals with the preparation, properties and the usage of polymer barrier films. The problem of exfoliation and dispersion of the filler in the polymer matrix and mechanical properties of barrier films is discussed. This problem is connected with the use of nanofiller either in the polymer matrix or on the surface of prepared films. Together the evaluating comparison of used nanofillers is done. Polypropylene, polyethylene, EVA copolymer and Surlyn were used like polymer matrices. Organically modified montmorillonite (Cloisite 93A, 30B, 10A, Dellite 67) were used like nanofillers. Morphology (TEM, XRD) and mechanical properties were observed.

HSE has to be considered as a priority before any industrial nanofiller compounding. Typical rubber techniques are applicable to disperse nanofillers if an encapsulation is prior considered. EPDM formulation includes dilution of the Masterbatch improve the processability and better mechanical and electrical properties with CNTs than carbon black., HSE has to be considered as a priority before any industrial nanofiller compounding. Typical rubber techniques are applicable to disperse nanofillers if an encapsulation is prior considered. EPDM formulation includes dilution of the Masterbatch improve the processability and better mechanical and electrical properties with CNTs than carbon black.

This paper introduces the possibilties of new nanofillers for rubber. In layered nanofillers the interlayer space can be dynamically occupied by different species. Stacking distance, stacking order and dispersion are not related. Considering the mechanical properties of rubber nanocomposites a percolation threshold at 5-10 phr for high aspect ratio nanofillers was found. A hybrid filler network with CB was developed, showing a synergistic effect. The largest reinforcement, compared to CB, was found at low deformation. When considering the barrier properties of rubber nanocomposites the function of volume fraction, effective aspect ratio and interphase was found to be important., This paper introduces the possibilties of new nanofillers for rubber. In layered nanofillers the interlayer space can be dynamically occupied by different species. Stacking distance, stacking order and dispersion are not related. Considering the mechanical properties of rubber nanocomposites a percolation threshold at 5-10 phr for high aspect ratio nanofillers was found. A hybrid filler network with CB was developed, showing a synergistic effect. The largest reinforcement, compared to CB, was found at low deformation. When considering the barrier properties of rubber nanocomposites the function of volume fraction, effective aspect ratio and interphase was found to be important.

The effect of nanoparticles on mechanical, dynamic mechanical, rheological, thermal properties of rubber has been reported widely. A gap exist considering wear resistance. This paper considered the wide gamut of nanofillers: Non ad hoc selection, covering different structural and morphological constitutions. The efficacy of nanoclay and C-nanofiber, have been highlighted. Characterization, property–morphology correlation and mechanism were considered. Nanocomposite properties in presence of conventional C-Black loading in actual tyre tread recipes were studied including the tribology factor delineation and quantization, in gum and black filled systems., The effect of nanoparticles on mechanical, dynamic mechanical, rheological, thermal properties of rubber has been reported widely. A gap exist considering wear resistance. This paper considered the wide gamut of nanofillers: Non ad hoc selection, covering different structural and morphological constitutions. The efficacy of nanoclay and C-nanofiber, have been highlighted. Characterization, property–morphology correlation and mechanism were considered. Nanocomposite properties in presence of conventional C-Black loading in actual tyre tread recipes were studied including the tribology factor delineation and quantization, in gum and black filled systems.

This chapter critically reviews polymer and biopolymer nanocomposites based on sepiolite and palygorskite fibrous clay minerals, with the aim to call the attention of clay scientists and engineers to the numerous opportunities that this type of new materials offers. Selected examples illustrate the preparation and main properties of these materials of interest for advanced applications. In addition to CPN prepared from “classical” polymers, bionanocomposites based on the assembly of sepiolite and palygorskite with polymers of biological origin are also introduced in this chapter.

The influence of moisture on the dielectric properties of different types of poly (ethylene-co-butyl acrylate) filled with alumina nanoparticles was systematically investigated by varying the type of aluminum oxide, particle surface treatment and filler content (2, 6 and 12 wt%). The nanoparticles were either unmodified or surface-treated with either aminopropyl triethoxysilane or octyltriethoxy silane. The complex permittivity was measured with an IDA200 dielectric spectroscopy analyzer at applied voltage of 200 V-peak with frequencies varying between 1 mHz and 1 kHz. The measurements were performed at 25 degrees C and relative air humidities of 24, 54 and 86 %. In order to expand the frequency range the HP 4284A precision LCR meter was used for measuring sample impedance at the frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz. From the frequency dependence of dielectric losses it can be seen that absorbed water plays a significant role in determining the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. The magnitude of tan delta seems to be determined primarily by the particle size and filler content, while the peak frequency is mostly influenced by the amount of absorbed water and the type of particle coating., QC 20120525

The dielectric properties of poly (ethylene-co-butyl acrylate) with 13 wt% of butyl acrylate (EBA) filled with alumina nanoparticles were studied as a function of particle size, particle coating, filler content (2, 6 or 12wt%) and temperature. The particles were either unmodified or surface-treated with either aminopropyltriethoxy silane or octyltriethoxy silane. The complex permittivity was measured with frequencies varying between 1 mHz and up to 1 kHz at different temperatures (25, 45 and 65 degrees C). Measurements were performed in dry conditions. From the dielectric spectroscopy measurements it can be seen that the tan delta for the dry samples is almost independent of the type of the particle coating used. It does, however, depend on the particle size, filler content and temperature., QC 20120522

The present research work carries out a study on the influence of nanosilica on room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV SR) used to coat insulators. Considering this objective, the dispersion of nanosilica was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (MEV), the permittivity of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber was measured with and without nanosilica for different frequencies and the influence of nanosilica in erosion resistance. Leakage currents were also measured during salt spray tests to glass insulators covered with these coatings; the loss of hidrophobicity during the test was also measured and its recovery was analyzed the test was finished., En el presente trabajo se realiza un estudio sobre la influencia que tiene agregar como carga nanosílice a la goma de silicona vulcanizada a temperatura ambiente (RTV SR, por sus siglas en inglés) que es empleada para cubrir aisladores de vidrio o de porcelana. Con este objetivo se observó la dispersión de la nanosílice en la RTV SR por medio de microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEV, por sus siglas en inglés), se midió la permitividad de la RTV SR con y sin nanosílice para varias frecuencias y se evaluó la influencia que tiene la nanosílice en la resistencia a la erosión. Además fueron medidas las corrientes de fuga durante ensayos de niebla salina a aisladores de vidrio pintados con estos recubrimientos, analizando también la pérdida de hidrofobicidad que ocurre durante el ensayo y su recuperación una vez finalizado el mismo.

Tato práce se zabývá zkoumáním systémů organicky modifikovaných jíl (OMLS) a polyoxometylenová matrice (POM). Jako nanoplniva byly použity organicky modifikované montmorillonity (OMMT) s komerčními názvy Nanofil, Cloisite a Dellite. Tyto vrstevnaté silikáty se využívají ke zlepšení vlastností polymerů. Připravené vzorky byly podrobeny tahové zkoušce, zkoušce odolnosti proti oděru, rentgenové difrakci (XRD), dynamické mechanické analýze (DMA) a skenovací elektronové mikroskopii (SEM). Úkolem této práce bylo sledování a vyhodnocení mechanických vlastností a určení stupně interkalace či exfoliace pro jednotlivé koncentrace OMMT. Zároveň jsme se pokusili najít nejvhodnější nanoplnivo na bázi jílů a nalézt nejvhodnější koncentraci tohoto plniva v polyoxometylénu. Výsledky zkoušek jsou uvedeny a shrnuty v závěrech experimentální části., This graduation theses deals with a research of systems of organic modified layer silicates (OMLS) and organo - modified bentonite nanocomposites (POM). Organically - modified montmorillonites (OMMT) which are also known under the commercial names Nanofil, Cloisiste and Dellite were used as nanofillers. These laminated silicates are commonly used to improve the properties of polymers. Prepared samples were put to the tensile test, the test of resistance to abrasion, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The objective of this work was to observe and evaluate mechanical properties and to determine the degree of intercalation or exfoliation for particular organically-modified montmorillonite concentrations OMMT. At the same time, we tried to find the most suitable nanofiller based on silicates and to find the most suitable concentration of this filling in polyoxymethelene. The results of the tests are presented and summed in the final experimental section., Ústav inženýrství polymerů, obhájeno

We are developing structural polymeric composites that both carry structural loads and store electrochemical energy. These multifunctional batteries could replace inert structural components while providing supplementary power for light load applications. If designed with sufficient structural and energy efficiency, these materials could also enable significant system-level weight reductions. To enable this concept, loadbearing properties must be engineered into the battery packaging, electrolyte, and/or electrodes. Previous examples of structural batteries have primarily utilized structural packaging. However, in this study, structural properties are designed directly into the electrolyte and electrode materials such that each component is itself multifunctional. Novel electrode and electrolyte materials are being synthesized to optimize both electrochemical and load-bearing capacity. One focus of our research is the development of solvent-free structural polymer electrolytes based on vinyl ester resins that exhibit a desirable combination of mechanical strength and ion conductivity. Using these resin electrolytes the components are being integrated using moldable, scalable, cost-effective composite processing techniques., Reprinted from the Proceedings of Society for the Advancement of Materiel and Process Engineering (SAMPE) 2006 Fall Technical Conference, Dallas, Texas, 6-9 Nov 2006. The original document contains color images.

Improvements in thermal and physical properties of epoxy resin systems have been demonstrated in the past through the influence of fillers. However, these improvements often come with a significant cost to processability. This paper examines the influence of nanofillers on a multifunctional epoxy resin system in terms of processability and thermal properties. The nanocomposites explored included nanosilica, linear calcium silicate (wollastonite), and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) in CYCOM(Registered) 977-3 resin. Composites with three to five weight percent of nanofillers were produced using IKA high shear mixers. The thermal and flow properties of the composites were evaluated using Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) and parallel plate rheology. The microstructure of the composite was explored using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Each of the nanofillers used in this study showed a small improvement in Tg over the neat epoxy. However, the addition of nanosilica dramatically increased the viscosity of the neat resin in contrast to the addition of wollastonite or POSS. The wollastonite showed no degradation in clarity and did not significantly increase the viscosity of the resin., Presented at the Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering (2006) held in Long Beach, CA on 30 April-4 May 2006.

Předpokládaná bakalářská práce se zabývá přípravou epoxidových izolačních hmot plněných nanočásticemi a jejími elektrickými vlastnostmi. Experimentální vzorky jsou vyrobeny z epoxidové pryskyřice jako matrice a nanočásticemi oxidů titaničitého (TiO2) jako nanoplniva v 0.5, 1 a 3 procentním plnění. Na vzorcích nanokompozitů jsou měřeny teplotní závislosti vnitřní rezistivity, relativní permitivity a ztrátového činitele. Je pojednáno o vlivu plniva na výsledné elektrické vlastnosti použitého polymeru., The present thesis deals with the preparation of epoxy insulating materials filled with nanoparticles and its electrical properties. Experimental samples are made of epoxy resin as a matrix and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) as nanofillers in 0.5, 1 and 3 percent filling. Temperature dependencies of internal resistivity, relative permittivity and loss factor are measured on nanocomposite samples. The influence of the filler on the resulting electrical properties of the polymer used is discussed.

Polymer nanocomposites are becoming established widely across the industry due to (among other reasons) their lightweight performance advantages, and ability to meticulously target material properties with great control and precision. Despite the beneficial properties, certain nanofillers have shown potential health risks and toxicity, to both humans and the environment. The use and introduction of these materials into the workplace may therefore be hazardous if it involves human exposure. Research has yet to evaluate or quantify either the risk, the process of potential exposure, or the impact of embedded nanoparticles in commercial composites when they are released during machining processes. In this thesis, four groups of nanocomposites are identified as being used within industry and having potentially-harmful nanoparticles - the nanocomposites incorporate seven different nanoparticles of relevance, at different weight concentrations. This study involved the manufacture of the materials and an investigation into their effect on mechanical properties, through various methods: tensile tests, three-point bend flexural tests, SEM, EDX and FT-IR. The study employed a process approach for the assessment of nanoparticle emissions, using an automated drilling methodology in which the background noise was eliminated from the measurements. The investigation used real-time measurements with a combination of a condensation particle counter (CPC), a scanning mobility particle sizer spectrometer (SMPS), a real-time fast-mobility particle spectrometer (DMSSO) and post-test analytical methods. The research investigated the influence of a variety of nanofillers on nanoparticle release during drilling, from three different polymers: polyester (PE), polypropylene (PP) and epoxy (EP). Suitable fillers were tested for each polymer and demonstrated modifications to the material properties. The four sets of nanocomposites included PP-based, PE-based, EP-based and a hybrid EP/carbon fi

Bakalářská práce se v teoretické části zaměřuje na rešerši současného stavu poznání v oblasti přípravy, vlastností a aplikací nanokompozitů s termoplastickými polymerními matricemi a různými typy nanoplniv. Přehledně jsou popsány metody přípravy nanokompozitů a technik používaných pro jejich charakterizaci. První metodou pro přípravu nanokompozitů je aplikace nanoplniva do roztoku polymeru s následným odstraněním rozpouštědla. Druhou metodou je polymerace disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Poslední zvolenou metodou je aplikace nanoplniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru. Experimentální část se zabývá nejdříve přípravou nanokompozitních fólií pro charakterizaci reologických vlastností. Polymerní matrici byl polystyren a vybraná nanoplniva byla aplikována do roztoku polymeru a následně odstraněno rozpouštědlo. Druhou metodou byla příprava nanokompozitů polymerací disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Metoda in-situ přípravy nanokompozitu je založena na termicky iniciované polymeraci disperze nanoplniva ve styrenu s vybraným typem radikálového iniciátoru. Třetí navrženou metodou byla aplikace plniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru v mixéru Brabender., Bachelor thesis is focused on the search of the state of knowledge in the preparation, properties and applications of nanocomposites with thermoplastics polymer matrix and different types of nanofillers in theoretical part. Methods for the preparation of nanocomposites and techniques used for their characterization are clearly describes. The first method for preparing nanocomposites is an application of nanofiller to the polymer solution with subsequent removal of the solvent. The second method is the dispersion polymerization of nanofiller in the monomer. The last one is the application of nanofiller in the dispersion of ethanol into the polymer melt. The experimental part deals with the preparation of foils for characterization of rheological properties of nanocomposites at first. Polystyrene was polymer matrix and selected nanofillers was applied to the polymer solution and then it was removed the solvent. The second method was the preparation of nanocomposites dispersion polymerization of nanofillers in the monomer. The method in-situ preparation of nanocomposite is based on the thermal initiated polymerisation of styrene in the dispersion of nanofillers with the selected type radical initiator. The third proposed method was the application of ethanol dispersion of fillers into the polymer melt in the Brabender mixer.

Diplomová práce řeší návrh vzduchotechnického zařízení objektu knihovny v Brně a zahrnuje experimentální měření vzduchových filtrů. Skládá se ze tří částí. V první z nich je vyhotoveno základní seznámení se vzduchovými filtry a blíže jsou zde popsány filtry atmosférického vzduchu pro odlučování částic pro všeobecné větrání – stanovení filtračních parametrů. Na závěr této teoretické části jsou uvedeny konkrétně kapsové filtry a jejich konstrukce. Cílem druhé části bylo provedení měření experimentu kapsových filtrů s různou filtrační vložkou i počtem kapes a vyhodnocení tlakové ztráty a jejich účinnosti. Poslední část této diplomové práce je zaměřena na návrh vzduchotechnického zařízení zadaného objektu a to konkrétně objektu knihovny. Projekt řeší dopravu čerstvého vzduchu do interiéru vybraných místností knihovny a pokrytí tepelných zisků v letním období, tepelných ztrát v zimním období a úpravu vlhkosti vzduchu., Dissertation offers a plan for air – conditioning equipment of library building in Brno and it involves air filter experimental measurement. The proposal is divided into three parts. The first part explains air filter theory with detailed description of atmospheric air filters for separation of particles for general ventilation - filter parameter determination. Theory part ends specifically with pocket air filters and their construction. The second part focuses on experimental pocket air filter measurement execution, which calculates with variable filter cartridges and pocket count. Measurement also evaluates pressure drop and their efficiency. The last part of the dissertation looks at air – conditioning equipment design for specified building, concretely library building. The project solves fresh air traffic into interior of selected library rooms and it counts with thermal heat gain in summer season, heat loss in winter season and air humidity modification.

Předkládaná práce se zabývá vlivem nanočástic jako plniva polymeru na elektrické vlastnosti kompozitních dielektrických materiálů. Přidání několika málo hmotnostních procent nanoplnidla má vážný dopad na fyzické, chemické, mechanické a elektrické vlastnosti polymeru. Současně se zaměřuje na výrobu a diagnostiku pomocí relaxační spektroskopie a měření vnitřního odporu. Zkoumaným materiálem je epoxidová pryskyřice TSA 220S plněná nanočásticemi Al2O3 nebo SiO2., This work deals with influence nanoparticles, as fillers of polymer, to electrical properties dielectric composite materials. Addition of just a few weight percent of nonofillers has profound impact on the physical, chemical, mechanical and electrical properties orf polymer. Simultaneously is focused on production and diagnostics by the relaxation spectroscopy and measure internal resistance. Examination material is epoxy resin TSA 220S filled Al2O3 and SiO2 nanoparticles.

Předpokládaná bakalářská práce se zabývá přípravou epoxidových izolačních hmot plněných nanočásticemi a jejími elektrickými vlastnostmi. Experimentální vzorky jsou vyrobeny z epoxidové pryskyřice jako matrice a nanočásticemi oxidů titaničitého (TiO2) jako nanoplniva v 0.5, 1 a 3 procentním plnění. Na vzorcích nanokompozitů jsou měřeny teplotní závislosti vnitřní rezistivity, relativní permitivity a ztrátového činitele. Je pojednáno o vlivu plniva na výsledné elektrické vlastnosti použitého polymeru., The present thesis deals with the preparation of epoxy insulating materials filled with nanoparticles and its electrical properties. Experimental samples are made of epoxy resin as a matrix and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) as nanofillers in 0.5, 1 and 3 percent filling. Temperature dependencies of internal resistivity, relative permittivity and loss factor are measured on nanocomposite samples. The influence of the filler on the resulting electrical properties of the polymer used is discussed.

Bakalářská práce se v teoretické části zaměřuje na rešerši současného stavu poznání v oblasti přípravy, vlastností a aplikací nanokompozitů s termoplastickými polymerními matricemi a různými typy nanoplniv. Přehledně jsou popsány metody přípravy nanokompozitů a technik používaných pro jejich charakterizaci. První metodou pro přípravu nanokompozitů je aplikace nanoplniva do roztoku polymeru s následným odstraněním rozpouštědla. Druhou metodou je polymerace disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Poslední zvolenou metodou je aplikace nanoplniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru. Experimentální část se zabývá nejdříve přípravou nanokompozitních fólií pro charakterizaci reologických vlastností. Polymerní matrici byl polystyren a vybraná nanoplniva byla aplikována do roztoku polymeru a následně odstraněno rozpouštědlo. Druhou metodou byla příprava nanokompozitů polymerací disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Metoda in-situ přípravy nanokompozitu je založena na termicky iniciované polymeraci disperze nanoplniva ve styrenu s vybraným typem radikálového iniciátoru. Třetí navrženou metodou byla aplikace plniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru v mixéru Brabender., Bachelor thesis is focused on the search of the state of knowledge in the preparation, properties and applications of nanocomposites with thermoplastics polymer matrix and different types of nanofillers in theoretical part. Methods for the preparation of nanocomposites and techniques used for their characterization are clearly describes. The first method for preparing nanocomposites is an application of nanofiller to the polymer solution with subsequent removal of the solvent. The second method is the dispersion polymerization of nanofiller in the monomer. The last one is the application of nanofiller in the dispersion of ethanol into the polymer melt. The experimental part deals with the preparation of foils for characterization of rheological properties of nanocomposites at first. Polystyrene was polymer matrix and selected nanofillers was applied to the polymer solution and then it was removed the solvent. The second method was the preparation of nanocomposites dispersion polymerization of nanofillers in the monomer. The method in-situ preparation of nanocomposite is based on the thermal initiated polymerisation of styrene in the dispersion of nanofillers with the selected type radical initiator. The third proposed method was the application of ethanol dispersion of fillers into the polymer melt in the Brabender mixer.

Bakalářská práce se v teoretické části zaměřuje na rešerši současného stavu poznání v oblasti přípravy, vlastností a aplikací nanokompozitů s termoplastickými polymerními matricemi a různými typy nanoplniv. Přehledně jsou popsány metody přípravy nanokompozitů a technik používaných pro jejich charakterizaci. První metodou pro přípravu nanokompozitů je aplikace nanoplniva do roztoku polymeru s následným odstraněním rozpouštědla. Druhou metodou je polymerace disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Poslední zvolenou metodou je aplikace nanoplniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru. Experimentální část se zabývá nejdříve přípravou nanokompozitních fólií pro charakterizaci reologických vlastností. Polymerní matrici byl polystyren a vybraná nanoplniva byla aplikována do roztoku polymeru a následně odstraněno rozpouštědlo. Druhou metodou byla příprava nanokompozitů polymerací disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Metoda in-situ přípravy nanokompozitu je založena na termicky iniciované polymeraci disperze nanoplniva ve styrenu s vybraným typem radikálového iniciátoru. Třetí navrženou metodou byla aplikace plniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru v mixéru Brabender., Bachelor thesis is focused on the search of the state of knowledge in the preparation, properties and applications of nanocomposites with thermoplastics polymer matrix and different types of nanofillers in theoretical part. Methods for the preparation of nanocomposites and techniques used for their characterization are clearly describes. The first method for preparing nanocomposites is an application of nanofiller to the polymer solution with subsequent removal of the solvent. The second method is the dispersion polymerization of nanofiller in the monomer. The last one is the application of nanofiller in the dispersion of ethanol into the polymer melt. The experimental part deals with the preparation of foils for characterization of rheological properties of nanocomposites at first. Polystyrene was polymer matrix and selected nanofillers was applied to the polymer solution and then it was removed the solvent. The second method was the preparation of nanocomposites dispersion polymerization of nanofillers in the monomer. The method in-situ preparation of nanocomposite is based on the thermal initiated polymerisation of styrene in the dispersion of nanofillers with the selected type radical initiator. The third proposed method was the application of ethanol dispersion of fillers into the polymer melt in the Brabender mixer.

Bakalářská práce se v teoretické části zaměřuje na rešerši současného stavu poznání v oblasti přípravy, vlastností a aplikací nanokompozitů s termoplastickými polymerními matricemi a různými typy nanoplniv. Přehledně jsou popsány metody přípravy nanokompozitů a technik používaných pro jejich charakterizaci. První metodou pro přípravu nanokompozitů je aplikace nanoplniva do roztoku polymeru s následným odstraněním rozpouštědla. Druhou metodou je polymerace disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Poslední zvolenou metodou je aplikace nanoplniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru. Experimentální část se zabývá nejdříve přípravou nanokompozitních fólií pro charakterizaci reologických vlastností. Polymerní matrici byl polystyren a vybraná nanoplniva byla aplikována do roztoku polymeru a následně odstraněno rozpouštědlo. Druhou metodou byla příprava nanokompozitů polymerací disperze nanoplniva v monomeru. Metoda in-situ přípravy nanokompozitu je založena na termicky iniciované polymeraci disperze nanoplniva ve styrenu s vybraným typem radikálového iniciátoru. Třetí navrženou metodou byla aplikace plniva v disperzi ethanolu do taveniny polymeru v mixéru Brabender., Bachelor thesis is focused on the search of the state of knowledge in the preparation, properties and applications of nanocomposites with thermoplastics polymer matrix and different types of nanofillers in theoretical part. Methods for the preparation of nanocomposites and techniques used for their characterization are clearly describes. The first method for preparing nanocomposites is an application of nanofiller to the polymer solution with subsequent removal of the solvent. The second method is the dispersion polymerization of nanofiller in the monomer. The last one is the application of nanofiller in the dispersion of ethanol into the polymer melt. The experimental part deals with the preparation of foils for characterization of rheological properties of nanocomposites at first. Polystyrene was polymer matrix and selected nanofillers was applied to the polymer solution and then it was removed the solvent. The second method was the preparation of nanocomposites dispersion polymerization of nanofillers in the monomer. The method in-situ preparation of nanocomposite is based on the thermal initiated polymerisation of styrene in the dispersion of nanofillers with the selected type radical initiator. The third proposed method was the application of ethanol dispersion of fillers into the polymer melt in the Brabender mixer.